Baby - CM Flashcards
(113 cards)
1
Q
Moderate Bacteria
A
10-50 HPF
2
Q
Many mucus seen
A
> 10 LPF
3
Q
RBCs, WBCs
A
Average number per 10 HPF
4
Q
Casts
A
Average number per LPF
5
Q
Squamous epithelial cells
A
Rare, few, moderate or many per LPF
6
Q
Transitional epithelial cells
A
Rare, few moderate or many per HPF
7
Q
RTE cells
A
Average number per 10 HPF
8
Q
Oval fat bodies
A
Average number per HPF
9
Q
Bacteria, yeast
A
Rare, few, moderate or many per HPF, presence of WBC’s may be required
10
Q
Trichomonas
A
Rare, few, moderate or many per HPF
11
Q
Spermatozoa
A
Present, based on laboratory protocol
12
Q
Mucus
A
Rare, few moderate or many per LPF
13
Q
Normal crystals
A
Rare, few moderate or many per HPF
14
Q
Abnormal cyrstals
A
Average and reported per LPF
15
Q
Serious hazard degree
A
3
16
Q
Turn around time (TAT)
A
Time from ordering a test through analysis in the lab to the charting of the report
17
Q
Chain of custody (chain of evidence)
A
Step by step documentation of handling and testing of legal specimens. It begins with patient identification and continues until testing is completed and results reported
18
Q
Drug testing, COC
A
30 to 45 mL urine (60 mL container capacity)
32.5 to 37.7°C temperature
19
Q
Routine urinalysis
A
10 to 15 mL urine, ave. 12 mL
50 mL container capacity
20
Q
Glucose reabsorption
A
Proximal convoluted tubules
21
Q
Normally, 60% to 75% of filtered Na+
A
Reabsorbed in PCT
22
Q
Active transport of sodium
A
PCT and DCT
23
Q
Passive transport of sodium
A
Ascending loop of Henle
24
Q
Impermeable to water
A
Ascending loop of Henle
25
Highly permeable to water but poorly permeable to solutes
Descending loop of Henle
26
Urine color
Good light source, looking down through the container against a white background
27
Urine clarity
Visually examining the mixed specimen while holding it in front of a light source, clear container
28
Carotene
Yellow urine, orange CSF
29
Red-brown urine, children
Fuchsin (candy, food)
30
Brown or black urine on standing but negative chemical test for blood
```
Melanin (melanoma)
Homogentisic acid (alkaptonuria)
```
31
Print blurred through urine
Cloudy
32
Calibration of refractometer, 5% NaCl
1.022 ± 0.001
33
Calibration of refractometer, 9% sucrose
1.034 ± 0.001
34
Cabbage odor urine
Methionine malabsorption
35
Bence Jones protein coagulates at
40-60°C
36
Bence Jones protein dissolves at
100°C
37
Significant value of AER (Albumin excretion rate)
20-200 ug/min
38
Principle of Micral test
EIA
39
11th pad in the reagent strip
Vitamin C, ascorbic acid
40
Differentiates hemoglobin from myoglobin
Blondheim's test
| Ammonium sulfate ppt. hemoglobin
41
Nomarski microscope
Interference contrast microscope
42
RBC's in hypotonic urine
Ghost cells
43
WBC's in hypotonic urine
Glitter cells
44
Lipid-containing RTE cells
Oval fat bodies, lipidura - nephrotic syndrome
45
RTE cells with non-lipid-containing vacuoles
Bubble cells, acute tubular necrosis
46
Casts
Fromed in DCT and CT
47
Lemon-shaped crystal
Uric acid
48
Ethylene glycol poisoning
Monohydrate calcium oxalate, oval or dubbell
49
Ampicillin crystals
colorless needles that tend to form bundles following refrigeration
50
Sulfonamide crystals
Yellow-brown, occasionally colorless sheaves of wheat, rosettes, needles, confirmed by diazo reaction
51
Flat, rectangular plates or prisms
Calcium phosphate, apatite
52
Apatite
Calcium phosphate
53
Weddelite
Dihydrate calcium oxalate, envelope or pyramidal
54
Whewellite
Monohydrate calcium oxalate, oval, dumbbell
55
Struvite
Triple phosphate magnesium ammonium phosphate
56
Renal calculi may form in the
Calyces and pelvis of the kidney, ureters, and bladder
57
Cacluli: yellow to brownish red, mod. hard
Uric acid and urate stones
58
Calculi: pale and friable
Phosphate stones
59
Calculi: very hard, dark color, rough surface
Calcium oxalate stones
60
Calculi: yellow-brown resembling an old soap, somewhat greasy
Cystine stones
61
CTAB, cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide
Mucopolysaccharides
| (+) White turbidity
62
Crystal seen in Fanconi's syndrome
Cystine
63
Dilution of bloody CSF
1:200 (may be 1:20 in board exams)
64
Red, brown seminal fluid
blood
65
Critical to ovum penetration
Acrosomal cap
66
Size of the acrosomal cap
1/2 of the head and covers 2/3 of the nucleus
67
Most common cause of male infertility
Varicocele, hardening of the veins that drain the testes
68
Undiluted seminal fluid, sperms immobilized by heat
Makler counting chamber
69
Traditional diluting fluid for seminal fluid
Formalin, sodium bicarbonate
70
Other diluting fluid for seminal fluid
Distilled water, saline
71
Kruger's strict criteria
Measurement of the size of the head, neck and tail of the sperm using a micrometer or morphometer, not a routine but recommended by WHO
72
Test for seminal fluid fructose
Analyzed within 2 hours or frozen
73
Florence test, choline
Iodine, potassium iodide
| (+) Dark brown rhombic crystals
74
Barbiero's test, spermine
Picric acid, tricholoroacetic acid
| (+) Yellow leaf-shaped crystals
75
Synovial fluid
Clear and pale yellow, does not clot
| Normal volume <3.5 mL
76
Diluents for synovial fluid
```
Normal saline (with methylene blue to stain WBC nuclei)
To lyse the RBC's, hypotonic saline (0.3% NaCl) or saline with saponin
```
77
Normal synovial fluid glucose
Should not be more than 10 mg/dL lower than the blood value
78
Gout, monosodium urate, uric acid
Yellow (-) birefringence under a compensated polarizing light
79
Pseudogout, Calcium pyrophosphate
Blue (+) birefringence under a compensated polarizing light
80
Calcified cartilage degeneration, osteoarthritis, Calcium phosphate
No birefringence
81
Normal appearance of pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial fluid
Clear and pale yellow
82
Tuberculous pleuritis
Adenosine deaminase 40 U/L or greater
83
Mesothelial cells are pleomorphic
Res. lymphocytes, plasma cells, and malignant cells
84
Reactive mesothelial cells (pleural)
Closely resembling malignant cells
85
Increased mesothelial cells
Pneumonia malignancy
86
Lack of mesothelial cells
Tuberculosis
87
Psammoma bodies
Concentric striations of collagen-like materials
| Benign conditions, ovarian and thyroid carcinoma
88
Peritoneal fluid, bacterial peritonitis, cirrhosis
>500 WBCs/uL
89
Peritoneal lavage, blunt trauma
>100,000 RBCs/uL
90
Peritoneal fluid, amylase
Increased in pancreatitis and G.I. perforation
91
Peritoneal fluid, alkaline phosphatase
Increased in G.I. perforation
92
Dark green amniotic fluid
Meconium
93
Dark red brown amniotic fluid
Fetal death
94
Secreted by the type II pneumocytes of the fetal lungs
Lamellar bodies which are densely packed layers of phospholipids that represent a storage form of pulmonary surfactant. Increases O.D. of amniotic fluid (O.D. 650)
95
Inserted through the nose (Leah Navarro)
Levin Tube
96
Inserted through the mouth
Rehfuss tube
97
Tubeless test for gastric acidity
Diagnex tubeless test, urine sp., Azure blue; breath test
98
Positive result with guaiac
Blue
99
Creola bodies
Cluster of columnar cells, bronchial asthma
100
Normal stool pH
pH 7-8
101
Carbohydrate disorders, stool pH
pH below 5.5
102
Number of fecal leukocytes indicative of an invasive condition
≥ 3 neutrophils/hpf
103
Blue quadrant
Health
104
Red quadrant
Fire
105
White quadrant
Specific hazard
106
Yellow quadrant
Reactivity
107
RACE
Rescue
Alarm
Contain
Extinguish/Evacuate
108
PASS
Pull
Aim
Squeeze handles (trigger)
Sweep
109
PDCA
Plan-Do-Check-Act
110
PDSA
Plan-Do-Study-Act
111
Calibration of centrifuge
Every 3 month
112
Disinfection of centrifuge
weekly basis
113
IRIS
International Remote Imaging System; 2 mL
