Back

Question 1

Superficial extrinsic muscles of back

Answer 1

trapezius and latissimus dorsi

Question 2

Deep extrinsic muscles of back

Answer 2

levator scapulae, rhomboid minor, and rhomboid major

Question 3

Intermediate extrinsic muscles of back

Answer 3

serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior

Question 4

Superficial intrinsic muscles of back

Answer 4

splenius (capitis + cervicis)

Question 5

Intermediate intrinsic muscles of back

Answer 5

erector spinae = spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis

Question 6

Divisions of erector spinae

Answer 6

spinalis: capitis, cervicis, and thoracis
longissimus: capitis, cervicis, and thoracis
iliocostalis: cervicis, thoracis, and lumborum

Question 7

Deep intrinsic muscles of back

Answer 7

transversospinalis =

semispinalis, multifidus, and rotatores

Question 8

Divisions of semispinalis

Answer 8

capitis, cervicis, and thoracis

Question 9

Actions of trapezius

Answer 9

elevates (superior fibers), depresses (lower fibers), and retracts (medial fibers) scapula

Question 10

Innervation of trapezius

Answer 10

cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory nerve) - main, motor

(sensory) ventral rami of C3 and C4

Question 11

Blood supply of trapezius

Answer 11

transverse cervical artery (superficial branch)

Question 12

Actions of latissimus dorsi

Answer 12

extenson, adduction, and medial rotation of arm

Question 13

Innervation of latissimus dorsi

Answer 13

thoracodorsal nerve

Question 14

Blood supply of latissimus dorsi

Answer 14

thoracodorsal artery at intertubercular sulcus

Question 15

Attachments of trapezius

Answer 15

Proximal: external occipital protuberance, spinous processes of C7 and thoracic, nuchal ligament
Distal: lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula, and medial end of spine of scapula

Question 16

Attachments of latissimus dorsi

Answer 16

Proximal: spines of T + L vertebrae, ribs, and iliac crest
Distal: intertubercular sulcus on humerus

Question 17

Attachments of rhomboid minor

Answer 17

Proximal: nuchal ligament and spinous processes C7-T1
Distal: medial border of scapula at level of spine of scapula

Question 18

Attachments of rhomboid major

Answer 18

Proximal: spinous processes of upper T vertebrae
Distal: medial border of scapula inferior to spine of scapula

Question 19

Attachments of levator scapulae

Answer 19

Proximal: transverse processes of upper C vertebrae
Distal: superior angle of scapula

Question 20

Innervation of rhomboids (major and minor)

Answer 20

dorsal scapular nerve

Question 21

Blood supply of rhomboids (major and minor)

Answer 21

dorsal scapular artery

Question 22

Innervation of levator scapulae

Answer 22

dorsal scapular nerve

Question 23

Blood supply of levator scapulae

Answer 23

dorsal scapular artery

Question 24

Actions of levator scapulae

Answer 24

elevates or inferiorly rotates scapula

Question 25

Actions of rhomboids (major and minor)

Answer 25

retracts, inferiorly rotates, and fixes scapula

Question 26

Actions of serratus posterior superior

Answer 26

elevates ribs, forced inspiration

Question 27

Actions of serratus posterior inferior

Answer 27

depresses ribs, forced expiration

Question 28

Innervation of serratus posterior superior

Answer 28

ventral rami of intercostal nerves (first 4) T2-T5

Question 29

Innervation of serratus posterior inferior

Answer 29

ventral rami of intercostal nerves (last 4) T9-T12

Question 30

Attachments of serratus posterior superior

Answer 30

Proximal: nuchal ligaments and spines of lower C/upper T Distal: superior border of ribs 2-5

Question 31

Attachments of serratus posterior inferior

Answer 31

Proximal: spinous processes of lower T/upper L Distal: inferior border of ribs 9-12

Question 32

Attachments of splenius

Answer 32

Proximal: nuchal ligament and spinous processes of lower C/upper T Distal: capitis- mastoid process and lateral third of nuchal line cervicis- transverse processes of upper C

Question 33

Innervation of splenius

Answer 33

dorsal rami

Question 34

Innervation of erector spinae

Answer 34

dorsal rami

Question 35

Innervation of transversospinalis muscles (semispinalis, multifidus, rotatores)

Answer 35

dorsal rami | semispinalis capitis: greater occipital nerve (C2)

Question 36

Blood supply of splenius

Answer 36

transverse cervical artery

Question 37

Actions of splenius

Answer 37

unilateral- lateral flexion of neck and rotation to active side bilateral- extension of head and neck

Question 38

Actions of erector spinae

Answer 38

unilateral- bend laterally to active side | bilateral- extension of head and vertebral column

Question 39

Actions of transversospinalis muscles

Answer 39

stabilizes vertebral column semispinalis and rotatores: assist with rotation semispinalis: extension of head and T and C vertebrae

Question 40

Attachments of transversospinalis muscles (gen.)

Answer 40

Proximal: transverse processes of vertebrae Distal: spinous processes of superior vertebrae

Question 41

Attachments of spinalis

Answer 41

Proximal: spine Distal: spinous processes

Question 42

Attachments of longissimus

Answer 42

Proximal: thoracolumbar fascia on iliac crest Distal: transverse processes or proximal to angles of ribs

Question 43

Attachments of iliocostalis

Answer 43

Proximal: iliac crest, sacrum, lumbar spinous processes, and thoracolumbar fascia Distal: ribs

Question 44

Blood supply of erector spinae

Answer 44

spinalis and longissimus: lateral sacral artery | iliocostalis: intercostal and lumbar arteries

Question 45

Attachments of interspinalis

Answer 45

Proximal: superior surface of spinous processes of C+L vertebrae Distal: inferior surface of spinous processes of vertebrae directly above

Question 46

Actions of interspinalis

Answer 46

extension of vertebral column

Question 47

Innervation of interspinalis

Answer 47

dorsal rami