Back, Axilla, & Upper Limb

Question 1

Skull, vertebral column, sternum, and ribs are classified as what kind of skeleton?

Answer 1

Axial

Question 2

Pectoral girdle (clavicle and scapula), upper limbs, pelvis, and lower limbs are classified as what kind of skeleton?

Answer 2

Appendicular

Question 3

Elevating your shoulders does what kind of motion to your scapulas?

Answer 3

Move them up

Question 4

Depressing your shoulders does what kind of motion to your shoulders?

Answer 4

Pushes them down

Question 5

Adducting or retracting your scapulas pushes them..?

Answer 5

Inward

Question 6

Abducting or protracting if your scapulas pushes them..?

Answer 6

Away from each other

Question 7

Which bones compose of the shoulder girdle?

Answer 7

Scapula and clavicle

Question 8

What joints allow movement of the scapula on the posterior thoracic wall?

Answer 8

Acromioclavicular,sternoclavicular, and scapulothoracic joints

Question 9

What is flexion of the arm?

Answer 9

Lifting it palm-side upward

Question 10

What is extension of the arm?

Answer 10

Lifting it backwards palm-side toward the ground

Question 11

Lateral rotation of the arm

Answer 11

Points palms outwards

Question 12

Medial rotation of the arm

Answer 12

Points palms backwards

Question 13

Which bones make up the shoulder joint?

Answer 13

Glenoid fossa of scapula, head of humerus, and clavicle

Question 14

Nerves that supply a joint will also supply the muscles that move the joint, and the skin over the joint

Answer 14

Hilton’s Law

Question 15

True or False: blockage of a major artery to a muscle may not adversely affect the muscle

Answer 15

True: there’s collateral blood supply

Question 16

The superficial appendicular/extrinsic group of muscles consists of? Their job?

Answer 16

1st layer: trapezius, latissimus dorsi
2nd layer: levator scapulae, rhomboid major & minor
To move the scapula and/or humerus

Question 17

The superficial respiratory/intermediate extrinsic group of muscles consists of? Their job?

Answer 17

Serratus Posterior Superior & Inferior

Body’s ability to sense movement, action, location without having to think about it (proprioception)

Question 18

What nerves innervate both extrinsic muscles of the back?

Answer 18

Ventral rami of spinal nerves via brachial plexus

Question 19

What assists in rotating the scapula during abduction of humerus above horizontal with upper fibers elevating?

Answer 19

Trapezius

Question 20

What is innervated by the accessory nerve (motor) and cervical spinal nerves C3 and C4 as well as cranial nerve 11?

Answer 20

Trapezius

Question 21

The superficial branch of transverse cervical artery serves as the blood supply for which muscle?

Answer 21

Trapezius

Question 22

What extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus?

Answer 22

Latissimus dorsi

Question 23

What is innervates by the thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)?

Answer 23

Latissimus dorsi

Question 24

The thoracodorsal artery serves as the blood supply for which muscle?

Answer 24

Latissimus dorsi

Question 25

What elevates the scapula?

Answer 25

Levator scapulae

Question 26

C3 to C4 and dorsal scapular nerves innervate which muscle?

Answer 26

Levator scapulae

Question 27

Transverse and ascending cervical arteries supply blood to which muscle?

Answer 27

Levator scapulae

Question 28

What muscles retract (adducts) and elevate the scapula?

Answer 28

Rhomboid major and minor

Question 29

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5) innervate which muscles?

Answer 29

Rhomboid major and minor

Question 30

Deep branch of transverse cervical artery and/or dorsal scapular artery supply blood to which muscles?

Answer 30

Rhomboid major and minor

Question 31

What muscle elevates ribs 2 to 5?

Answer 31

Serratus posterior superior

Question 32

Anterior rami of upper thoracic (intercostal) nerves T2 to T5 innervate which muscle?

Answer 32

Serratus posterior superior

Question 33

Segmental supply through the intercostal arteries supplies blood to which muscles?

Answer 33

Serratus posterior superior & inferior

Question 34

What muscle depresses ribs 9 to 12 and may prevent lower ribs from elevating when diaphragm contracts?

Answer 34

Serratus posterior inferior

Question 35

Anterior rami of lower thoracic (intercostal) nerves T9 to T12 innervate which muscle?

Answer 35

Serratus posterior inferior

Question 36

Deep investing membrane formed by longitudinal and transverse fibers found in the posterior thorax and abdomen? Covers the deep muscles of the paravertebrae

Answer 36

Thoracolumbar fascia

Question 37

What consist of the deep intrinsic back muscles?

Answer 37

Splenius group (superficial), erector spinae group (intermediate), transversospinales group (deep layer)

Question 38

The splenius, erector spinae, and transversospinale muscles are innervated by which nerves?

Answer 38

Dorsal or posterior rami

Question 39

What muscle acts bilaterally to extend the neck?

Answer 39

Splenius capitus

Question 40

What muscle acts unilaterally to flex and rotate neck to the same side?

Answer 40

Splenius cervicis

Question 41

The deep cervical and occipital serve as blood supply to which muscles?

Answer 41

Splenius capitis and cervicis

Question 42

Which muscles act bilaterally to extend the vertebral column and head and control movement while lengthening fibers? Which act unilaterally to flex vertebral column?

Answer 42

Spinalis capitis, cervicis, and thoracis Longissiumus capitis, cervicis, and thoracis Iliocostalis capitis, cervicis, and thoracis

Question 43

The vertebral, deep cervical, occipital, transverse cervical, posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar, and lateral sacral arteries supply blood to which muscles?

Answer 43

Spinalis capitis, cervicis, thoracis Longissimus capitis, cervicis, thoracis Iliocostalis capitis, cervicis, thoracis

Question 44

Which muscles extend head, cervical and thoracic regions of vertebral column, and rotates column contralaterally?

Answer 44

Semispinalis capitis, cervicis, thoracis

Question 45

The deep cervical artery, posterior intercostal artery, subcostal arteries, and lumbar arteries serve as blood supply to which muscles?

Answer 45

Semispinalis (all of them LOL) Multifidus Rotatores (cervicis, thoracis, and lumborum)

Question 46

Which muscle stabilizes the vertebrae?

Answer 46

Multifidus

Question 47

Which muscles stabilize vertebrae and assist with local extension and rotary movements of the column?

Answer 47

Rotatores cervicis, thoracis, and lumborum

Question 48

Which other deep muscle aids in extension and rotation of the vertebral column?

Answer 48

Interspinales

Question 49

Which other deep muscle helps with unilateral flexion and stability (bilateral) of the column?

Answer 49

Intertransversarii

Question 50

Which other deep muscle helps elevate ribs (respiratory function) and assists with lateral flexion of the column?

Answer 50

Levatores costarum

Question 51

Most common cause of lower back strain is caused by?

Answer 51

Erector spinae muscles

Question 52

What landmark allows physicians to clearly listen to the lungs from the back?

Answer 52

Triangle of Auscultation

Question 53

What is just below the latissimus dorsi and towards the lateral portion of the back and is a common place for hernias?

Answer 53

Triangle of Petit | Pet it’s hernia