BACK bones,joints,ligaments (MCQS)

Question 1

Which of the following is the most superior region of the vertebral column?
A. Cervical
B. Thoracic
C. Lumbar
D. Sacral

Answer 1

A

Question 1

How many thoracic vertebrae are there in the human body?
A. 5
B. 7
C. 12
D. 10

Answer 1

C

Question 1

The large, kidney - shaped part of a vertebra that bears most of the body’s weight is the:
A. Vertebral arch
B. Spinous process
C. Transverse process
D. Vertebral body

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The distinctive feature of the second cervical vertebra (axis) is the presence of:
A. Transverse foramen
B. Dens (odontoid process)
C. Bifid spinous process
D. Costal facets

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The intervertebral foramina are formed by:
A. The vertebral bodies
B. The spinous processes
C. The pedicles of adjacent vertebrae
D. The laminae of adjacent vertebrae

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which type of cartilage makes up the intervertebral discs?
A. Hyaline cartilage
B. Elastic cartilage
C. Fibrocartilage
D. Articular cartilage

Answer 4

C

Question 5

The function of the intervertebral discs is to:
A. Provide shock absorption
B. Allow movement between vertebrae
C. Both A and B
D. None of the above

Answer 5

C

Question 6

The facet joints of the vertebrae are examples of which type of joint?
A. Fibrous joint
B. Cartilaginous joint
C. Synovial joint
D. Gomphosis

Answer 6

C

Question 7

The atlanto - occipital joint allows for which movement of the head?
A. Flexion and extension (nodding)
B. Rotation (shaking the head)
C. Lateral flexion
D. All of the above

Answer 7

A

Question 8

The atlanto - axial joint is primarily responsible for:
A. Flexion of the head
B. Extension of the head
C. Rotation of the head
D. Lateral flexion of the head

Answer 8

c

Question 9

The sacrum is composed of how many fused vertebrae?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6

Answer 9

C

Question 10

The coccyx is made up of how many usually fused vertebrae?
A. 2 - 3
B. 3 - 5
C. 5 - 7
D. 1 - 2

Answer 10

B

Question 11

The anterior longitudinal ligament runs along the:
A. Anterior surface of the vertebral bodies
B. Posterior surface of the vertebral bodies
C. Anterior surface of the spinous processes
D. Posterior surface of the spinous processes

Answer 11

A

Question 12

The function of the anterior longitudinal ligament is to:
A. Prevent hyperextension of the spine
B. Prevent hyperflexion of the spine
C. Limit rotation of the spine
D. Limit lateral flexion of the spine

Answer 12

B

Question 13

The posterior longitudinal ligament is located:
A. Along the anterior surface of the vertebral bodies
B. Along the posterior surface of the vertebral bodies
C. Between the spinous processes
D. Between the transverse processes

Answer 13

B

Question 14

The ligamentum flavum connects:
A. The spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae
B. The transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae
C. The laminae of adjacent vertebrae
D. The vertebral bodies of adjacent vertebrae

Answer 14

C

Question 15

The supraspinous ligament is found:
A. Running along the tips of the spinous processes
B. Between the spinous processes
C. Along the anterior surface of the vertebral bodies
D. Along the posterior surface of the vertebral bodies

Answer 15

A

Question 16

The interspinous ligaments connect:
A. Adjacent spinous processes
B. Adjacent transverse processes
C. Adjacent laminae
D. Adjacent vertebral bodies

Answer 16

A

Question 17

The intertransverse ligaments connect:
A. Adjacent spinous processes
B. Adjacent transverse processes
C. Adjacent laminae
D. Adjacent vertebral bodies

Answer 17

B

Question 18

Which ligament helps to maintain the normal curvature of the spine?
A. Anterior longitudinal ligament
B. Posterior longitudinal ligament
C. Ligamentum flavum
D. All of the above

Answer 18

D

Question 19

A herniated intervertebral disc is most likely to occur when:
A. The annulus fibrosus of the disc ruptures
B. The nucleus pulposus of the disc ruptures
C. Both the annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus rupture
D. The vertebral body collapses

Answer 19

A

Question 20

The lumbar vertebrae are characterized by:
A. Small vertebral bodies
B. Long, slender spinous processes
C. Large, kidney - shaped vertebral bodies
D. Bifid spinous processes

Answer 20

C

Question 21

The thoracic vertebrae have unique features such as:
A. Costal facets for rib attachment
B. Transverse foramina
C. Bifid spinous processes
D. Large vertebral foramina

Answer 21

A

Question 22

The cervical vertebrae, except C1 and C2, have:
A. Bifid spinous processes
B. Costal facets
C. Large vertebral bodies
D. Long spinous processes

Answer 22

A

Question 23

. The zygapophysial joints are also known as: A. Intervertebral joints B. Facet joints C. Costovertebral joints D. Sacroiliac joints

Answer 23

B

Question 24

The sacroiliac joint is a joint between the sacrum and the: A. Coccyx B. Lumbar vertebrae C. Ilium of the pelvis D. Femur

Answer 24

C

Question 25

The movement of the spine includes all of the following except: A. Abduction B. Flexion C. Extension D. Rotation

Answer 25

A

Question 26

The joints of the back are innervated by: A. Spinal nerves B. Cranial nerves C. Autonomic nerves D. None of the above

Answer 26

A

Question 27

The costovertebral joints connect the ribs to the: A. Vertebrae B. Sternum C. Clavicle D. Scapula

Answer 27

A

Question 28

The main function of the back ligaments is to: A. Provide support and stability to the spine B. Allow for movement of the spine C. Protect the spinal cord D. All of the above

Answer 28

D

Question 29

The atlanto - occipital joint is a: A. Hinge joint B. Ball - and - socket joint C. Condyloid joint D. Pivot joint

Answer 29

C

Question 30

The iliolumbar ligament connects the: A. Iliac crest to the lumbar vertebrae B. Sacrum to the iliac bone C. Lumbar vertebrae to the sacrum D. Coccyx to the iliac bone

Answer 30

A

Question 31

The sacrospinous ligament runs from the sacrum to the: A. Ischial spine B. Ischial tuberosity C. Iliac crest D. Pubic symphysis

Answer 31

A

Question 32

The ligament that can be palpated in the midline of the back along the tips of the spinous processes is the: A. Anterior longitudinal ligament B. Posterior longitudinal ligament C. Supraspinous ligament D. Ligamentum flavum

Answer 32

C

Question 33

The ligamentum flavum is composed of: A. Elastic tissue B. Fibrous tissue C. Cartilage D. Bone

Answer 33

A

Question 34

Which of the following is not a function of the intervertebral discs? A. Weight - bearing B. Producing synovial fluid C. Allowing spinal movement D. Absorbing shock

Answer 34

B

Question 35

The joints between the articular processes of adjacent vertebrae are responsible for: A. Providing stability and allowing controlled movement B. Absorbing shock C. Protecting the spinal cord D. None of the above

Answer 35

A

Question 36

The posterior longitudinal ligament helps to prevent: A. Anterior displacement of the vertebral bodies B. Posterior displacement of the vertebral bodies C. Lateral displacement of the vertebral bodies D. Rotation of the vertebral bodies

Answer 36

A

Question 37

The supraspinous and interspinous ligaments help to limit: A. Flexion of the spine B. Extension of the spine C. Lateral flexion of the spine D. Rotation of the spine

Answer 37

A

Question 38

The intervertebral discs are thickest in which region of the spine? A. Cervical B. Thoracic C. Lumbar D. Sacral

Answer 38

C

Question 39

The atlanto - axial joint is a: A. Hinge joint B. Ball - and - socket joint C. Condyloid joint D. Pivot joint

Answer 39

D

Question 40

The costovertebral joints allow for which movement during respiration? A. Elevation and depression of the ribs B. Rotation of the ribs C. Lateral movement of the ribs D. All of the above

Answer 40

A

Question 41

The sacrotuberous ligament runs from the sacrum to the: A. Ischial spine B. Ischial tuberosity C. Iliac crest D. Pubic symphysis

Answer 41

B

Question 42

Damage to the ligamentum flavum can lead to: A. Spinal stenosis B. Herniated disc C. Scoliosis D. Kyphosis

Answer 42

A

Question 43

The joints of the back play a crucial role in: A. Protecting the spinal cord B. Allowing movement of the trunk C. Supporting the body's weight D. All of the above

Answer 43

D

Question 44

The intervertebral discs contribute to the overall length of the vertebral column by approximately: A. 10 - 20% B. 20 - 30% C. 30 - 40% D. 40 - 50%

Answer 44

B

Question 45

The spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae are oriented: A. Horizontally B. Posteriorly and inferiorly C. Anteriorly and superiorly D. Laterally

Answer 45

B

Question 46

The lumbar spine has a lordotic curvature, which is maintained in part by: A. The anterior longitudinal ligament B. The posterior longitudinal ligament C. The intervertebral discs and ligaments D. The muscles of the back

Answer 46

C

Question 47

The joints between the sacrum and the ilium are reinforced by: A. The iliolumbar ligament B. The sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments C. The anterior and posterior sacroiliac ligaments D. All of the above

Answer 47

D

Question 48

The anterior longitudinal ligament is strongest in which region of the spine? A. Cervical B. Thoracic C. Lumbar D. Sacral

Answer 48

C