Back, Pectoral Region, Deltoid and Scapular region, The Axilla, & Brachial Plexus

Question 1

Every vertebrae has a vertebral body except which one?

Answer 1

C1

Question 2

What are vertebral lamina?

Answer 2

arches between transverse processes and spinous processes

Question 3

What are pedicles?

Answer 3

arches between the body and transverse process

Question 4

How many cervical vertebrae have transverse foramina?

Answer 4

7

Question 5

the cervical spinous process are bifid meaning…?

Answer 5

forked

Question 6

C2 has a den called the what? This articulates with the anterior facet of C1

Answer 6

odontoid process

Question 7

Which cervical vertebrae has a longer spinous process like a thoracic vertebrae

Answer 7

C7

Question 8

All 12 thoracic vertebrae have which detail that make them stand out?

Answer 8

costal facets

Question 9

Which vertebrae body is heart shaped?

Answer 9

thoracic

Question 10

which vertebral foramen is rounded?

Answer 10

thoracic

Question 11

All 5 lumbar vertebrae lack what?

Answer 11

costal facets and transverse foramina

Question 12

what vertebral foramen is triangular?

Answer 12

lumbar

Question 13

in adults, what happens to the sacral vertebrae by the age of 25-30?

Answer 13

they fuse together

Question 14

the sacrum curves anteriorly and the curvature is more pronounced in males of females?

Answer 14

males

Question 15

Which curvatures are normal in the body and present at birth?

Answer 15

thoracic/sacral

Question 16

Where does the ligament nuchal attach?

Answer 16

the superior nuchal line of occipital bone to C7 spinous process

Question 17

Where does the supraspinatus ligament attach?

Answer 17

attaches to the tips of the adjacent spinous processes of the C7 to the sacrum, continuous with the ligament nuchae

Question 18

Where does the anterior longitudinal ligament attach?

Answer 18

To the anterior surfaces of vertebral bodies from the occipital bone to the sacrum

Question 19

What movement does the anterior longitudinal ligament prevent?

Answer 19

anterior movement out of alignment

Question 20

The anterior longitudinal ligament is wider ___ and thinner in the ___ region.

Answer 20

wider in the lumbar region, and thinner in the cervical region

Question 21

Where does the posterior longitudinal ligament attach?

Answer 21

the posterior surface of vertebral bodies from the occipital bone to the sacrum.

Question 22

Which is bigger? the PLL or ALL?

Answer 22

ALL

Question 23

Is the posterior longitudinal ligament wider in the cervical area or the lumbar area?

Answer 23

cervical

Question 24

Where does the ligament flavor attach?

Answer 24

to the lamina of adjacent vertebrae

Question 25

Which is the strongest ligament of the vertebral column?

Answer 25

ligamentum flavum

Question 26

The spinal cord extends to what vertebral level in adults?

Answer 26

L2

Question 27

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

Answer 27

31

Question 28

Dorsal rami supply what?

Answer 28

deep back muscles and the skin of the back

Question 29

What is the OINA of the rhomboids?

Answer 29

T1-6 spinous process medial (vertebral) border of scapula dorsoscapular retracts (adducts) scapula

Question 30

What is the OINA of the Levator scapulae?

Answer 30

C1-4 transverse processes superior angle of scapula dorsoscapular elevate and inferiorly rotate scapula

Question 31

Where do the serrates posterior superior and inferior originate and insert?

Answer 31

spinous processes and ribs

Question 32

what nerves supply the serrates posterior superior and inferior?

Answer 32

intercostal nerves

Question 33

What is the function of the deep back muscles?

Answer 33

adjust the vertebral column head and neck

Question 34

What are the erector spinae muscles?

Answer 34

Iliocostalis, Longissimus, and Spinalis

Question 35

Where do the erector spinae muscles originate?

Answer 35

sacrum and iliac crest

Question 36

where does iliocostalis insert?

Answer 36

the ribs

Question 37

Where does Longissimus insert?

Answer 37

transverse processes and mastoid process of temporal bone

Question 38

Where does spinalis insert?

Answer 38

spinous processes

Question 39

deep back muscles are supplied by ___ rami

Answer 39

dorsal

Question 40

superficial back muscles are supplied by ___ rami

Answer 40

ventral

Question 41

which erector spinae muscle also rotates the head along with extending and straightening

Answer 41

Longissimus

Question 42

What are the transversospinales muscles

Answer 42

they are deep to the erector spinae muscles and include the semispinales, multifundus, and rotatores

Question 43

Where do all of the transversospinales muscles originate?

Answer 43

spinous processes (multifundus also in the sacrum)

Question 44

where do all of the transversospinalis muscles insert?

Answer 44

transverse processes

Question 45

what nerve supplies the transversospinalis muscles?

Answer 45

dorsal rami

Question 46

what action do the transversospinalis muscles do?

Answer 46

extend, rotate, and stabilize the vertebral column

Question 47

Where do the interspinales muscles originate and insert?

Answer 47

Between adjacent spinous processes on either side of the process

Question 48

What nerve supplies the interspinales?

Answer 48

Dorsal rami

Question 49

Where do the intertransversarii muscles originate and insert?

Answer 49

Dorsal rami

Question 50

What nerve provides the intertransversarii muscles?

Answer 50

Dorsal rami

Question 51

Splenius capitis origin and insertion

Answer 51

C7-T3 | Mastoid process

Question 52

Splenius cervicis insertion and origin

Answer 52

T3-T6 | Upper cervical transverse processes

Question 53

What nerve supplies the splenius muscles?

Answer 53

Dorsal rami

Question 54

Where is the sternal angle?

Answer 54

T4-T5 between manubrium and sternum

Question 55

What are the muscles of the anterior thoracic wall from superficial to deep?

Answer 55

External Intercostals Internal intercostals Innermost intercostals Transverse thoracis

Question 56

VAN from ____ to ____

Answer 56

Superior to inferior

Question 57

Posterior intercostals empty into the azugos & hemiazygos viens on the what?

Answer 57

Posterior thoracic wall

Question 58

How many anterior intercostal spaces are supplied by anterior intercostal arteries branching?

Answer 58

Two

Question 59

What is the OINA of the pectoralis muscle?

Answer 59

O: Medial clavicle, sternum, underlying ribs I: Inter tubular groove, same as latissimus N: Med & lateral pectoral nn of brachial plexus A: Clavicular head flexes humerus, sternal head adducts and medically rotates humerus

Question 60

Pectoralis Minor OINA

Answer 60

O: ribs 3-5 I: coracoid of scapula N: lateral pectoral A: depresses scapula; holds scapula against posterior thoracic wall to stabilize during UE movements

Question 61

Serratus anterior OINA

Answer 61

O: angle of ribs 1-8 I: passes deep to scapula and inserts to medial border of scapula N: long thoracic of brachial plexus A: protracts/ abducts scapula

Question 62

Which two muscles of the rotator cuff inserts on the less tubercle of the humerus?

Answer 62

Subscapularis

Question 63

What are the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff?

Answer 63

Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor Subscapularis

Question 64

Do the 3 posterior muscles insert into the greater tubercle of the humerus?

Answer 64

Yes

Question 65

Which way does the anterior muscle of the rotator cuff rotate the shoulder?

Answer 65

Medially

Question 66

What is the quadrangular space?

Answer 66

Between the humeral shaft and the long head of the triceps brachii and between the teres minor and major

Question 67

What does the quadrangular space contain?

Answer 67

Axillary branches (supplies deltoid) and post humeral circumflex

Question 68

What is the triangular space?

Answer 68

Inferior to teres major, between the long and lateral heads of the triceps brachii

Question 69

Navy passes under the bridge, Army passes over the bridge

Answer 69

Suprascapular nerve passes under the ligament and the suprascapular artery passes over the bridge

Question 70

What is the Axilla?

Answer 70

The underarm, or armpit, a pyramidal region containing important nerves and vessels

Question 71

What makes up the medial wall, the anterior axillary fold, and the posterior axillary fold?

Answer 71

Ribs and serratus anterior, pec major, latissimus dorsi

Question 72

The brachial plexus is formed by

Answer 72

Ventral rami of spinal nerves C5 to T1

Question 73

Cords of the brachial plexus wrap around the

Answer 73

Axillary artery

Question 74

From lateral to medial, what are the M legs

Answer 74

Musculocutaneous, median, and ulnar

Question 75

What are the posterior cord branches

Answer 75

Radial, axillary, and upper, lower, and middle, (thoracodorsal) subscapular nn

Question 76

What are the lateral cord branches of the brachial plexus

Answer 76

Musculocutaneous, lateral pectoral, and median nn

Question 77

What are the medial cord branches of the brachial plexus?

Answer 77

Median, ulnar, medial pectoral, and medial cutaneous

Question 78

Phrenic nerve roots from

Answer 78

C3-5