backwards chapter 8

Question 1

divided the empire into a western and eastern half

Answer 1

Roman Emperor Diocletian

Question 2

after Diocletian
continued to deal with economic, social, and religious problem plaguing the empire
first Christian Roman Empire
built old saint peter's basilica
makes Constantinople which was Byzantium

Answer 2

Constantine

Question 3

Constantine recognized Christianity as a legitimate religion

removed penalties for professing Christianity

Answer 3

Edict of Milan

Question 4

Constantine’s new capital (Byzantine Empire’s capital)
on Byzantium
in modern day Turkey

Answer 4

Constantinople

Question 5

Christian underground tombs

Answer 5

Catacomb

Question 6

burial site of Peter

Current Vatican

Answer 6

St. Peter’s Basilica

Question 7

a large hall or building with double colonnades and a semicircular apse
used as a court of law or for public assemblies

Answer 7

Basilica

Question 8

theological belief that denied that christ was divine and co-eternal with God the Father

Answer 8

Arianism

Question 9

held by Constantine to resolve disagreements in what Christianity is

Answer 9

Council of Nicaea

Question 10

the doctrine that stated Christ was of the same substance as God
summarizes the orthodox faith of the Christian Church
what does being a christian mean?

Answer 10

Nicene Creed

Question 11

belief or opinion contrary to orthodox religious doctrine (esp. Christian)

Answer 11

Heresy

Question 12

a person believing in or practicing religious heresy

Answer 12

Heretic

Question 13

made Christianity the religion of the state

fought with Bishop Ambrose of Milan because he wanted Ambrose to hand over his cathedral church to the Emperor

Answer 13

Emperor Theodosius

Question 14

center of authority is his cathedral

Answer 14

bishop

Question 15

wrote Confessions (the pre-christin struggles)
when Visigoths sacked Rome, he wrote City of God (to work out why God let this happen)
discovered that empires come and go, and people cant do much about it, its in Gods plan

Answer 15

Augustine of Hippo

Question 16

escape urban life and seek God through prayer in caves or shelters in the deserts or mountains

Answer 16

monasticism

Question 17

developed a set of guidelines that would influence all organized religious life in the Roman church
founder of Western Christian monastic communities

Answer 17

St. Benedict of Nursia

Question 18

seen as barbarians
led by kings or cheiftains
small villages

Answer 18

Germanic Tribes

Question 19

started in the Netherlands and moved to northern Gaul\the longest lasting germanic tribe

Answer 19

Franks

Question 20

established the Merovingian dynasty (Frankish kingdom)
converted to catholicism
united huge territory (brought stability)

Answer 20

Clovis

Question 21

wanted to revive ancient Rome by recovering provinces that had been overrun by invaders
victories were temporary
sent out all of his scholars too look at the roman laws and bring them back
Justinian’s Code
wife: Theodora

Answer 21

Justinian

Question 22

husband: emperor Justinian
his advisor and co-ruler
was a stripper and seduced him to marrying him but that was a good thing

Answer 22

Theodora

Question 23

laws passed by Roman assemblies or decreed by Roman emperors, as well as legal writings of Roman judges and a handbook for students
backbone of law to this day

Answer 23

Justinian’s Code

Question 24

(holy wisdom)

was a church, then minarets (towers) were added and it became a mosk, and then a museum

Answer 24

Hagia Sophia

Question 25

stronghold of Byzantine rule in Italy

Answer 25

Ravenna, Italy

Question 26

wanted to show that constantine had conquered italy

Answer 26

Church of San Vitale

Question 27

highest church official

Answer 27

Patriarch

Question 28

the rejection or destruction of religious images as heretical

Answer 28

Iconoclasm

Question 29

officially exclude someone from participation in the sacraments and services of the Christian Church

Answer 29

Excommunicate

Question 30

the official split between the church (didn't agree with who had the power) west- pope, east-patriarch

Answer 30

Schism

Question 31

believed that the patriarch had power over the pope, fighting with the Roman Catholic church.

Answer 31

Eastern (Greek) Orthodox Church

Question 32

a Frankish nobel family who took over the kingdom of the Franks after the fall of the Merovingian dynasty named after its founder: Charles Martel

Answer 32

The Carolingian Dynasty

Question 33

founder of the Carolingian Dyanasty | known for Battle of Tours

Answer 33

Charles “The Hammer” Martel

Question 34

also known as Battle of Poitiers Charles Martel won halted muslim and Umayyad caliphate expansion in Europe

Answer 34

Battle of Tours

Question 35

``` Carolingian emperor his conquests reunited much of the Roman empire first person to have a bibliography renamed holy roman emperor created a united christian europe helped spread christianity founded Aachen set up monastery and cathedral schools across Europe ```

Answer 35

Charlemagne, or Charles the Great

Question 36

DATE - pope leo III needed help with the threatening nobles and Charlemagne helped pope showed his gratitude by proclaiming him HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR (even though he wasnt roman)

Answer 36

800 CE – Christmas Day

Question 37

Charlemagne is holy roman empire this outraged the emperor of the eastern Roman empire (byzantine empire) in constantinople helped widen the split between the eastern and western christian worlds

Answer 37

Holy Roman Emperor

Question 38

"New rome" | purpose was to be the capital of Europe

Answer 38

Aachen

Question 39

rebirth of interest in, study of, and preservation of the language, ideas and achievements of classical Greece and Rome

Answer 39

Carolingian Renaissance

Question 40

holidays- can keep pagan holidays after life only one god that is all powerful sins are forgiven

Answer 40

Why was Christianity so appealing?

Question 41

preserved works of Greek philosophers music and poetry introduced papermaking

Answer 41

the influence of muslims

Question 42

5 good emperors | rome did really well

Answer 42

2nd century

Question 43

Bad emperors, Rome to big, Huns, invaders

Answer 43

3rd century

Question 44

Constantine dies and west starts to fall

Answer 44

4th century

Question 45

Middle/ dark ages: fall of Rome in the West to Renaissance (rebirth antiquity)

Answer 45

5th century

Question 46

Middle/ dark ages: fall of Rome in the West to Renaissance (rebirth antiquity)

Answer 46

Diocletian

Question 47

Rome east/Byzantium- politics | Rome west- religious

Answer 47

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