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Bacteria Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the most common route of exposure of Salmonella?

A

Fecal-oral

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2
Q

T/F: Salmonella is ubiquitous.

A

True

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3
Q

T/F: Salmonella can be shed by both diseased and healthy animals but is not stable in the environment.

A

False - Salmonella can be shed by both diseased and healthy animals but it IS stable in the environment.

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4
Q

Does a positive fecal result for Salmonella mean it is the cause of disease in a dog?

A

No

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5
Q

What is the range of GI symptoms that can be seen with Salmonella?

A

Asymptomatic to severe acute gastroenteritis

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6
Q

What type of diarrhea can be seen with Salmonellosis?

A

Hemorrhagic diarrhea

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7
Q

Can neutrocytopenia and thrombocytopenia be seen with Salmonellosis?

A

Yes

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8
Q

Can hypoglycemia and albuminemia be seen with Salmonellosis?

A

Yes

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9
Q

There can be a higher risk of Salmonellosis with what 3 factors?

A
  • Raw diet
  • Immuno-compromised
  • Reptiles
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10
Q

Can CNS signs be seen with Salmonellosis?

A

Yes

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11
Q

What are 3 examples of CNS signs that can be seen with Salmonellosis?

A
  • Weak
  • Blind
  • Seizures
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12
Q

Can polyarthritis and pneumonia be seen with Salmonellosis?

A

Yes

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13
Q

Is Salmonella a gram positive or gram negative bacteria?

A

Gram negative

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14
Q

What shape is Salmonella?

A

Bacilli

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15
Q

Name 4 antibiotics that can be used against Salmonella.

A
  • Fluro/Quinolones
  • Trimethoprim-sulfa (TMS)
  • Chloramphenicol
  • Amoxicillin
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16
Q

Should dogs with Salmonellosis be isolated?

A

Yes

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17
Q

Should you treat a dog with Salmonellosis that is asymptomatic?
Why?

A
  • No

- Risk of resistance developing

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18
Q

Is Campylobacteriosis zoonotic?

A

Yes

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19
Q

What is the most common route of exposure for Campylobacter?

A

Fecal-oral

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20
Q

Are asymptomatic carriers a possibility with Campylobacter?

A

Yes

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21
Q

Where is the GIT do Campylobacter target?

A

Intestinal crypts

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22
Q

Campylobacter can be found in dogs with what disease?

A

Inflammatory bowel disease

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23
Q

What type of diarrhea is seen with Campylobacteriosis?

A

Large bowel diarrhea

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24
Q

Mucus, watery, fresh blood, tenesmus (quivery colon) and excreted in frequent small amounts describes what type of diarrhea?

Study These Flashcards
A

Large bowel diarrhea

25
What can exacerbate the clinical signs of Campylobacteriosis?
Stress
26
What type of sample is used in the diagnosis of Campylobacteriosis?
Fecal
27
T/F: A week-old refrigerated sample of Campylobacter can be used for a culture.
True
28
There is a higher risk of Campylobacteriosis with which 3 species?
- Puppies - Kittens - Chickens
29
There is a higher risk of Campylobacteriosis with what food item?
Mayonnaise
30
Is Campylobacter a gram positive or gram negative bacteria?
Gram negative
31
What shape are Campylobacter?
Spiral rods, "seagull"
32
Is treatment of Campylobacteriosis necessary? | Why?
- No | - Antibiotic efficacy is unknown
33
What are 2 antibiotics that could be potentially used for the treatment of Campylobacteriosis?
- Erythromycin | - Fluoroquinolones (big gun)
34
What are 3 modes of transmission for Helicobacter?
- Oral - Close contact - Fomite
35
Are Helicobacter acidophilic or basophilic?
Acidophilic
36
Where do Helicobacter target?
Gastric mucosa
37
Which bacteria is responsible for degenerating gastric glands and parietal cell necrosis?
Helicobacter
38
Which bacteria causes gastric inflammation and lymphoid proliferation?
Helicobacter
39
Which strain of Helicobacter causes ulcers in humans?
pylori
40
What is the most common clinical sign seen with Helicobacter?
Chronic gastritis
41
40-100% of animals with Helicobacter are what?
Clinically normal
42
What are 2 types of samples that can be obtained from a gastric mucosa sample suspected of Helicobacter?
- Brush cytology | - Biopsy
43
Can PCR be done with Helicobacter?
Yes
44
What type of rapid test can be done with a biopsy and culture of Helicobacter?
Rapid urease test
45
Is Helicobacter a gram positive or gram negative bacteria?
Gram negative
46
What are 3 shapes Helicobacter can be found in?
- Coccoid - Curved - Spiral
47
What treatment is recommended for Helicobacter?
Triple therapy: amoxicillin, MTZ, H2 blocker
48
Is Actinomyces a gram positive or gram negative bacteria?
Gram positive
49
Is Nocardia a gram positive or gram negative bacteria?
Gram positive
50
Which 2 bacteria can cause a leukocytosis with a left shift?
- Actinomyces | - Nocardia
51
Which of the following 2 bacteria is not acid fast: Actinomyces or Nocardia?
Actinomyces
52
Where can Actinomyces be found? | How can it be transmitted?
- Oral cavities | - Bites
53
Which bacteria can cause localized pyogranulomatous infections (abscess)?
Actinomyces
54
Possible bone involvement leading to pain and lameness can be ween with which bacteria?
Actinomyces
55
T/F: Penicillin can be used to treat both Actinomyces and Nocardia.
False - Penicillin can be used to treat Actinomyces but TMS is used to treat NOCARDIA.
56
How long should penicillin be given to treat Actinomyces?
Until 4 weeks post-clinically normal
57
Is Nocardia acid fast?
Yes
58
What is given to treat Nocardia? | For how long?
- TMS | - 6 or more weeks

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