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Bacteria Flashcards

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1
Q

Staph Aureus Pathogenicity

A
  1. TSST-1
  2. Entertoxin A-E, G-I
  3. Exfoliatin
  4. Alpha-hemolysin
  5. PVL (MRSA)
  6. Coagulase
  7. Protein A
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2
Q

Stap Aureus morphology/metabolism/descriptors

A 
Facultative anaerobe
Gram (+)
Cocci
Catalase (+)
Beta-hemolytic
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3
Q

Staph Aureus clinic disease

A
  1. Joint/Bone pain
  2. Endocarditis
  3. Food poisoning
  4. Scalded Skin Syndrome
  5. Toxic Shock Syndrome
  6. Skin/Soft Tissue Infx. (furuncle, carbuncle)
  7. Pneumonia
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4
Q

MRSA mechanism of resistance and antibiotic of choice

A

produce PBP2

Vancomycin

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5
Q

Strep Pyogenes Pathogenicity

A
  1. SLO/SLS (pores)
  2. SPE A, B, C
  3. Streptokinase
  4. M-Protein
  5. C5a peptidase
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6
Q

Strep Pyogenes Clinical Disease

A
  1. Pharyngitis
  2. Scarlet Fever
  3. Rheumatic Fever
  4. Post Glomerular Nephritis
  5. Skin/Soft Tissue infx (impetigo, cellulitis, necrotizing fascitis)
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7
Q

E. Coli pathogenicity

A
  1. alpha-hemolysin
  2. capsule
  3. type III secretion
  4. aerobactin (siderophore)
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8
Q

Strep Pyogenes descriptors

A 
Gram (+)
Cocci
Beta hemolysis
catalase (-)
coagulase (-)
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9
Q

E. Coli descriptors

A

Facultative anaerobic
Gram (-)
Bacilli, Coccobacilli

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10
Q

E. Coli types

A

UPEC (Type I/P Pili)
EPEC
ETEC (travellers)
EHEC (and HUS)

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11
Q

E. Coli O157:H7

A 
EHEC
O and H antigen serotype
Doesn't ferment sorbitol
Type III secretion
Bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, uncooked meat
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12
Q

EPEC

A
  1. Bundle forming pili
  2. Type III secretion system
  3. Intimin (adhesin)
    diarrhea in developing countries
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13
Q

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa descriptor

A

Obligate Aerobe
Gram (-)
Bacilli

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14
Q

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa found in…

A

faucets, hospital drains

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15
Q

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa pathogenicity

A
  1. Pili (adhesin)
  2. Capsule
  3. Exotoxin A (ADP ribosylate EF-2)
  4. Type III secretion
  5. Quorom sensing
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16
Q

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa clinical disease

A
  1. Hospital nonsocomial
  2. Pneuomonia
  3. UTI
  4. Respiratory in CF patients
  5. Burn victims
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17
Q

Klebsiella Pneumoniae descriptor

A

Gram (-)
Bacilli
Enterobactericiae family

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18
Q

Klebsiella Pneumoniae pathogenicity

A
  1. Capsule

2. Siderophore

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19
Q

Klebsiella Pneuomoniae clinical disease

A

nonsocomial
community acquired pneumonia
UTI
Antibiotic resistant

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20
Q

Unique feature of Klebsiella Pneuomoniae

A

ferments lactose

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21
Q

Acinetobacter baumanii descriptor

A

Gram (-)

bacillus, coccobacillus

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22
Q

Acinetobacter baumanii clinical disease/resistance

A 
nonsocomial:
1. pneumonia
2. bloodstream
3. wound infx
resistance to carbenepams
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23
Q

Legionella Pneumophilia descriptor

A

Facultative intracellular
Aerobic
Gram (-) bacilli

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24
Q

Legionella location

A

natural bodies of water, water distribution system, inhalation of aerosol, water aspiration, no human to human

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25
Legionella pathogenicity
1. affects macrophages, coiling phagocytosis 2. blocks fusion of phagosome to lysosome 3. Type IV secretion system
26
Legionella disease
Severe pneumonia | headache, nausea, diarrhea
27
Legionella Diagnosis
not visible on gram silver stain buffered charcoal
28
Listeria descriptor
facultative intracellular | gram (+) bacilli
29
Listeria pathogenicity
1. facultative intracellular 2. Internalin/adherin 3. Listeriolysin O 4. ActA dairy/milk, deli meats
30
Listeria clinical disease
1. complications in immunocompromised/elders 2. meningitis in neonates 3. pregnant women
31
Listeria diagnosis
grow from CSF, blood, catalase positive, tumbling motility at 25 degrees C
32
Listeria treatment
ampicillin
33
Pasteurella multocida descriptor
gram (-) coccobacilli
34
Pasteurella multicoda pathogencity and risk
Capsule | Cat/dog bites
35
Pasteurella disease
rapidly progressive cellulitis
36
Bordatella pertussis descriptor
Strict aerobe | gram (-) coccobacilli
37
Bordatella pertussis pathogencity
1. Capsule (filamentous hemagglutinin (FHH) adhesion to epithelial cells in upper airway) 2. Pertussis toxin: ADP ribosylates host cell G protein --> camp increase - Adenylate toxin - Dermonecrotic toxin
38
Bordatella pertussis clinical disease
Whooping cough - highly communicable 1. incubation 2. catarrhal (mild) 3. paroxysmal (whooping cough)
39
Francisella tularensis descriptor
Facultative intracellular | gram (-) coccobacilli
40
Francisella causes
skinning rabbits ticks deer flies
41
Francisella disease
1. Tularemia (multiply in macrophages) 2. Skin ulcer at infection site 3. Enlarged regional lymph nodes 4. Pneumonia 5. Fever
42
Clostridium Tetani descriptors
Anaerobic Gram (+) bacilli SPORES
43
Tetani pathogenicity
tetanus toxin - protease cleaving snare and prevents inhibitory NT
44
Tetani disease
lockjaw, spasm, spastic paralysis
45
Tetani prevention
tetanus toxoid vaccine
46
Clostridium botulinum descriptor
Anaerobic gram (+) bacilli SPORES
47
Botulinum pathogenicity
botulinum toxin - cleaves SNARE and blocks Ach --> flaccid
48
Botulinum disease
food bourne wound infant (improper canning)
49
Corynebacterium diptheriae descriptor
Aerobic | Gram (+) bacilli
50
Diphtheriae pathogenicity
Diphtheria toxin - A/B - ADP ribosylating to inhibit EF-2
51
Diphtheriae found....
skin commensal
52
Diphteriae clinical disease
sore throat/fever pseudomembrane bull's neck myocarditis
53
Treponema pallidum descriptor
spirochete
54
Treponema pallidum clinical disease
syphilis primary: ulcers on genitals secondary: rash on palms and hands tertiary: many manifestations
55
Treponema pallidum risk factors
tropical climate not sexually transmitted infectious skin lesion
56
Anaplasma phagocytophilum description
Obligate intracellular
57
Anaplasma phagocytophilum pathogenicity
Infect neutrophils, morulae of bacteria formed
58
Anaplasma phagocytophilum spreads via
ticks
59
Leptospira interrogans descriptor
aerobic spirochete
60
Leptospira interrogans transmits via
animals to humans via urine in water
61
Leptospira interrogans clinical disease
symptoms correlate with bacteria in blood Phase 1: fever, chills, headache (flu) Phase 2: meningitis
62
Actinomyces descriptor
Anaerobic | Gram (+) Bacilli, branching filamentous
63
Actinomyces found in...
normal flora of mouth, GI, reproductive tract
64
Actinomyces clinical disease
1. Jaw trauma --> oral lump 2. pulmonary 3. brain abscesses 4. abdomen/pelvic disease
65
Nocardia descriptor
Aerobic | Gram (+) bacilli, branching filamentous
66
Nocardia clinical disease
Immunocompromised 1. subacute pneumonia --> disseminates to limbs and body 2. brain abscess, cavitary lesion in lung
67
Nocardia staining
acid fact
68
Coxiella burnetii description
Gram (-) | Obligate intracellular
69
Coxiella clinical disease and risk
``` Q fever (pulmonary infiltrate, NO rash, fever) sheep birthing/unpasteurized dairy ```
70
Mycobacterium TB descriptor
Aerobic gram (+) but no gram stain exposure, infx, disease
71
M. TB pathogenesis
exposure from coughing bacteria aerosolized --> survive and multiply in alveolar macrophage --> prevent fusion with lysosome --> lymph nodes --> disseminates --> lymphocytes recruited --> fibrous layer around macrophages = CASEATING GRANULOMA
72
M. TB infection type
controlled, latent, reactivation in old and immunocompromised
73
M. TB clinical disease
fever, night sweats, weight loss, upper lobe pulmonary lesions, LAD 1. Pulm TB = cough with blood 2. Extrapulm = lymph nodes, GI, bones 3. Pott's disease = spine 4. Miliary TB = miliary, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly
74
M. TB diagnosis
PPD (delayed hypersensitivity) Interferon gamma release assay Grow sputum over time
75
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare descriptor
gram (+) but no gram stain
76
M. Avium-Intracellulare clinical disease
1. GI problems in HIV | 2. Pulmonary problems in elderly/CF
77
Mycobacterium leprae descriptor
Obligate intracellular
78
M. Leprae transfer
human to human, no toxin
79
M. Leprae pathogenesis
1. Tuberculoid leprosy: TH1 cell mediated (noncaseating granulomas) 2. Lepromatous leprosy (severe): TH2, no cellular response
80
M. Leprae incubation
3-5 years
81
M. Leprae clinical disease
Tuberculosis Leprosy/Lepromatous Leprosy 1. hypopigmentated skin lesion on face, ears, wrist, elbow, knees 2. affects peripheral nerves 3. skin of face and forehead thickened (Leonine facies) 4. Saddle nose
82
M. Leprae diagnosis
histologic exam of biopsy of skin lesions, armadillos
83
Pseudomonas vs E. Coli
E. Coli ferments, oxidase neg | Pseudomonas doesn't ferment, oxidase pos
84
DTaP pertussis component
was whole cell killed, now is acellular

Foundations 3 (3 decks)

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