Bacteria and Virus

Question 1

Prokaryote

Answer 1

any organism that lacks a distinct nucleus and other organelles due to the absence of internal membranes.

Question 2

Bacilli

Answer 2

a disease-causing bacterium.

Question 3

Cocci

Answer 3

any spherical or roughly spherical bacterium.

Question 4

Spirilla

Answer 4

a bacterium with a rigid spiral structure found in stagnant water and sometimes causing disease.

Question 5

Binary Fission

Answer 5

asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies.

Question 6

Endospore

Answer 6

a dormant, tough, and non-reproductive structure produced by certain bacteria from the Firmicute phylum.

Question 7

Nitrogen fixation

Answer 7

the chemical processes by which atmospheric nitrogen is assimilated into organic compounds, especially by certain microorganisms as part of the nitrogen cycle.

Question 8

Bioremediation

Answer 8

the use of either naturally occurring or deliberately introduced microorganisms or other forms of life to consume and break down environmental pollutants, in order to clean up a polluted site.

Question 9

Antibiotic

Answer 9

a medicine that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms.

Question 10

Pathogenic bacteria

Answer 10

Pathogenic bacteria are bacteria that can cause disease.

Question 11

Virus

Answer 11

an infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat, is too small to be seen by light microscopy and is able to multiply only within the living cells of a host.

Question 12

Host

Answer 12

an animal or plant on or in which a parasite or commensal organism lives.