Heredity

Question 1

Heredity

Answer 1

the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring.

Question 2

Dominant Trait

Answer 2

the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred.

Question 3

Recessive Trait

Answer 3

a trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred.

Question 4

Genes

Answer 4

One set of instructions for an inherited trait.

Question 5

Alleles

Answer 5

one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color.

Question 6

Phenotype

Answer 6

an organism’s appearance or another detectable characteristic.

Question 7

Genotype

Answer 7

the entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits.

Question 8

Probability

Answer 8

the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event.

Question 9

Meiosis

Answer 9

a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decrease to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells.

Question 10

Sex chromosomes

Answer 10

one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual.

Question 11

Pedigree

Answer 11

a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family.

Question 12

DNA

Answer 12

deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live.

Question 13

Nucleotide

Answer 13

in a nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.

Question 14

Mutations

Answer 14

a change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule.

Question 15

RNA

Answer 15

ribonucleic acid, a molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in the protein product.