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Aquatics > Bacteria, Archaea, and Plankton Review > Flashcards

Bacteria, Archaea, and Plankton Review Flashcards

1
Q

List the classification system of life in order from the broadest to the most specific.

A

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

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2
Q

What is the kingdom name for the Domain Archaea?

A

Archaebacteria

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3
Q

What type of organisms are included in the domain/kingdom archaea?

A

bacteria like organisms

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4
Q

Describe the organisms that exist in the kingdom Archaebacteria.

A

Simple organisms that lack a nucleus, microscopic, and single celled.

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5
Q

What type of chemicals do Sea Floor archaebacteria rely on and what do they produce as a byproduct?

A

Hydrogen sulfide - carbohydrates, carbon dioxide, dissolved oxygen, and sulfuric acid.

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6
Q

Archaebacteria can live in both freshwater and saltwater.

A

True

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7
Q

Archaebacteria are all microscopic

A

False

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8
Q

What setting or environment do archaebacteria form the base of the food webs for?

A

vent ecosystems

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9
Q

What bacteria can be found in plants, animals, or in the human gut and is part of the nitrogen cycle?

A

Proteobacteria

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10
Q

What bacteria can lead to blindness and is a common STD?

A

Chlamydia

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11
Q

What bacteria can cause syphilis and lyme disease?

A

Spirochetes

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12
Q

What bacteria is partially responsible for the world’s oxygen supply?

A

Cyanobacteria

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13
Q

What bacteria can decompose organic matter and is found in anthrax and botulism?

A

Gram-positive

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14
Q

Survives in pH 3 or below

A

Acidophiles

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15
Q

survives in pH 9 or above

A

Alkaliphiles

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16
Q

Survives in 140-176F

A

thermophiles

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17
Q

survives in 176-250F

A

Hyperthermophiles

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18
Q

survives in 5 to -50F

A

Psychrophiles

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19
Q

Survives in high salt concentrations

A

halophiles

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20
Q

Survives in high sugar concentrations

A

Osmophiles

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21
Q

When were deep sea vents discovered?

A

1977

22
Q

Riftia pachyptila

A

tube worm

23
Q

Calyptogena

A

Clam

24
Q

Thermarces cerberus

A

eel pout fish

25
Q

Methanococcus

A

Bacteria

26
Q

Saxipendium coronatum

A

Spaghetti Worm

27
Q

Alvinella pompejana

A

Pompeii worm

28
Q

Rimicarus exoculata

A

vent shrimp

29
Q

Munidopsis

A

Squat lobster

30
Q

Cerianthus

A

Anemone

31
Q

Bathymodiolus

A

mussel

32
Q

Bathograea

A

Brachyuran Crab

33
Q

Vulcanoctopus hydrothermalis

A

Octopus

34
Q

What type of organisms do plankton describe?

A

abundant, tiny organisms that drift passively or swim so weakly they can’t fight a current, live by the surface.

35
Q

How much of the oceans biomass does plankton constitute?

A

95%

36
Q

Why are plankton considered crucial to the oceans?

A

They sustain the food chain of the open ocean.

37
Q

What are 3 ways plankton are classified?

A

The kind of organism, how long they exist, and by size.

38
Q

What is the name given to plankton that is plant like?

A

Phytoplankton

39
Q

What is the name given to plankton that is animal like?

A

Zooplankton

40
Q

What is the name of plankton that lives their entire lives as plankton?

A

holoplankton

41
Q

What is the name of plankton that only live part of their lives as plankton?

A

meroplankton

42
Q

Where do phytoplankton generally live?

A

at or near the surface, euphotic zone, 80 meters or shallower

43
Q

What type of plankton are known as the cows of the sea?

A

Zooplankton

44
Q

What are zooplankton that eat phytoplankton called?

A

herbivores

45
Q

What are Zooplankton that eat Zooplankton called?

A

Carnivores

46
Q

What are Zooplankton that eat phytoplankton and zooplankton called?

A

Omnivores

47
Q

What is an example of small fish that school and feed on plankton?

A

Anchovies

48
Q

What is the largest fish in the ocean that feeds on zooplankton?

A

Whale Shark

49
Q

What is the worlds largest animal that feeds almost entirely off of plankton? How Much?

A

Blue Whale, 2 tons of krill

50
Q

List 2 other sessile organisms that feed off plankton

A

corals and sponges

51
Q

Describe the relationship between zooplankton and phytoplankton. How does one rely on the other to survive?

A

When phytoplankton pop increases, the zooplankton has more to eat and their population will increase too.

52
Q

List 3 exceptionally large zooplanktons. Why are they considered zooplankton?

A

giant salp colonies, giant jellyfish, and ocean sunfish- swim so poorly they can’t fight a current.

Aquatics (3 decks)

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