Bacteria B7

Question 1

A lot of antibody resistance is through the

Answer 1

plasmids

Question 2

Prokaryotes don’t have a _________.

Answer 2

nucleus

Question 3

What is used as locomotion and sensing?

Answer 3

flagella (the whip)

Question 4

This is sugar and protein.

Answer 4

Cell wall

Question 5

Gram positive stains _______ and is very _____ and contains teichoic acids.

Answer 5

Purple

THICK

Question 6

Gram negative stains ________ and is very _____ and is surrounded by outer membrane (LPS/ endotoxin)

Answer 6

Red

THIN

Question 7

________________ is a componenet of Gram positive.

Answer 7

Teichoic acid

Question 8

Endotoxin is technically ________

Answer 8

Lipid A

Question 9

Though the gram positive wall is thicker, the Gram negative wall has an __________.

Answer 9

Outer membrane (LPS)

Question 10

1 cause of UTI is what?

Answer 10

E. Coli

Question 11

What are the 3 components of LPS?

Answer 11

Outer oligosaccharide chains (O -antigen)
Core polysaccharide
Inner Lipid A (a.k.a. Endotoxin)

Question 12

What are the effects of endotoxin?

Answer 12

Systemic Inflammation, fever, possible fatal shock

released when immune system lyses GNRs

Question 13

Component of LPS released by lysis of GNRs and one GPR (Listeria monocytogenes)

Answer 13

Endotoxin= LIPID A

Question 14

Bacteria in the blood can be transient. What is it called?

Answer 14

Bacteremia

Question 15

Bacteremia + life threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection.

Answer 15

Sepsis

Question 16

QSOFA

If they have 2 out of 3 of these questions what will the person likely have?

Answer 16

SEPSIS
Do they have altered mental status?
Are they breathing rapidly? (more than 22 breaths per min)
IS there systolic BP less than 100?

Question 17

True/False: Endotoxin shock can be caused by gram positive or gram negative bacteria.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

True/False: E.Coli may have pili or not.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Seeds for bacteria to resist harsh environments.

Answer 19

Endospores

Question 20

Naked, circular molecule of DNA

Answer 20

Nucleoid

Question 21

Additional hereditary material

Answer 21

Plasmid

Question 22

Theses synthesize proteins

Answer 22

Ribosomes

• Bacteria 70S
• Human 80S

Question 23

Bacteria is what S?

Answer 23

70S (50S + 30S)

Question 24

Human is what S?

Answer 24

80S (60S + 40S)

Question 25

These are organisms that prefer oxygen but can live anaerobically.

Answer 25

Facultative anaerobes

Question 26

These are organisms where oxygen is a poison.

Answer 26

Obligate anaerobes

Question 27

These are proteins released by replicating microbes.

Answer 27

Exotoxins

Question 28

These are non-protein released when gram-negative organisms die... causes fever, inflammation, possible shock

Answer 28

Endotoxin= LPS/Lipid A

Question 29

Enterotoxins are what kind of toxin? what do they do?

Answer 29

Exotoxins | -cause osmotic diarrhea by causing salt to be actively secreted or not reabsorbed.

Question 30

These stimulate pro-inflammatory cytokine response.

Answer 30

Pyrogenic exotoxins | Pge 2, IL2, IL6

Question 31

most common causes of cold?

Answer 31

Rhino viruses and corona viruses | picture a rhino with the cold holding a corona beer

Question 32

True/False: There are almost as many bacteria in the mouth as the gut.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Staph Epidermidis is what?

Answer 33

Coag negative staph

Question 34

Differential agar

Answer 34

look different, visual clues to identification

Question 35

Blood agar

Answer 35

Hemolysis (differential)

Question 36

Incomplete RBC lysis

Answer 36

Alpha

Question 37

Complet RBC lysis

Answer 37

Beta

Question 38

Beta blood agar plate examples

Answer 38

Str. pyogenes, Group A strep

Question 39

If bacteria is growing on mannitol salt it is what? Turns yellow?

Answer 39

S. Aureus (to confirm do catalase test, if positive staph, if coag neg its staph epi)

Question 40

Macconkeys: If it turned purple?

Answer 40

``` E. coli until proven otherwise! KEE!!!!!!!!! (also lactose fermenters) (important) Klebsiella pneumoniae Enterobacter cloacae E. Coli ```

Question 41

Macconkeys grows what?

Answer 41

selects for Gram negative rods

Question 42

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is what?

Answer 42

oxidase +

Question 43

This catalyzes conversion of hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water.

Answer 43

Catalase

Question 44

Which one, staph or strep cause bubbles?

Answer 44

Staph causes bubbles | Strep does not

Question 45

This differentiates Sta. aureus and Coag Neg staph.... (coag neg staph don't produce this, but aureus does)

Answer 45

Coagulase

Question 46

Bacitracin GAS is what? | GBS is what?

Answer 46

GAS: Sensitive GBS: Resistant

Question 47

Strep bovis causes endocarditis... almost every time the first test is what?

Answer 47

colonoscopy (strep bovis) | -perforated colon cancer (80% chance)