Bacteria Identification Flashcards
Small subunit ribosomal RNA
Found in all domains of life
Functionally constant
Sufficient length
Change slowly
Recombination
Physical exchange of DNA between genetic elements
Genetic drift
Random process that can cause gene frequencies to change over time
Core genes
Genes shared by all members of the species
Pan genes
Core genes plus genes not shared by other members of the species
Eukaryotic species
A group of living things that are capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring
Bacterial species
NA
Cells are haploid and reproduce asexually
Polyphasic approach
Phenotypic analysis (cell wall, motility, cell surface structures, fatty acid methyl esters (FAME))
Genomic and phylogenic analysis: SSU rRNA, whole genome analysis, fingerprinting, genomes
Morphological analysis
Prokaryotic species
Collection of strains sharing a high degree of similarity in several independent traits >70% DNA-DNA hybridization -<25%= different genera >97% 16S RNA gene sequence identity -new genus if differs by >5%
Taxonomy
The science of identification, classification and nomenclature
Systematics
The study of diversity of organisms and their relationships
MLST
Multilocus sequence typing
Uses house keeping gene sequence
Distinguish between very closely related strains
Fatty acid analysis
FAME ( fatty acid methyl ether)
Variation in type and proportion of fatty acids present in membrane lipids
are subject to variation due to temp growth phase and growth medium
Classification
Organization of organisms into progressively more inclusive groups on the basis of either phenotypic similarity or evolutionary relationship
Formal recognition of new species
Deposition of sample (2x culture collection)
Official publication of new species name in international journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology
