bacterial genetics

Question 1

long double stranded supercoiled circular DNA

Answer 1

bacterial chromosomes

Question 2

extra genetic information, small circular DNA

Answer 2

plasmids

Question 3

the chromosomes subdivided into

Answer 3

genes

Question 4

what is essential for bacterial growth ?

Answer 4

genes

Question 5

the genes that has specialized function are carried on

Answer 5

plasmids

Question 6

Function of Rifamipcin

Answer 6

Inhibit RNA ploymerase

Question 7

macrolides aminoglycosides tetracyclcin chloramphenicol
drugs that..

Answer 7

inhibitor of protein synthesis

Question 8

how does the plasmids replicate ?

Answer 8

autonomously
they replicate independently of replication of the bacterial chromosomes

Question 9

Plamsids with high copy number are replicate under

Answer 9

relaxed control of replication

Question 10

plasmids with low copy number their replication is

Question 11

the plasmids carry some genetic information which are

Answer 11

not essential for growth

Question 12

plasmids can transfer from cell to cell so they are used as?

Answer 12

vectors

Question 13

Plasmids are used as vetors for what

Answer 13

cloning DNA

Question 14

types of plasmids

Answer 14

conjugative
non conjugative

Question 15

charcaterastics of conjugative plasmids

Answer 15

large
copy number 1-2
present f factors
transfer among bacteria conjugation

Question 16

what bacteria contain conjugative plasmids ?

Answer 16

gram negative bacilli

Question 17

how can conjugative plasmids transfer among bacteria

Answer 17

conjugation

Question 18

contain tra gene and
sex pilus formation

Answer 18

conjugative plasmids

Question 19

stringent

Answer 19

conjugative plasmids

Question 20

characterstics of non conjugative plasmids

Answer 20

small
copy number 10-60
absent f factor

Question 21

transfer among bacteria by help of conjugative plasmids

Answer 21

non conjugative plasmids

Question 22

what plasmids can be seen in gram positive cocci

Answer 22

non conjugative

Question 23

does not contain tra gene nor
sex plius formation

Answer 23

non conjugative plasmids

Question 24

what is the gene that resist drug in ?

Answer 24

R-Factors plasmids

Question 25

the f factors is seen in what plasmids

Answer 25

conjugative

Question 26

sex factors plasmids are carried on

Answer 26

f factor

Question 27

fonction of f factor

Answer 27

mediate gene transfer by conjugation

Question 28

Rabid spread of drug resistance

Answer 28

conjugation

Question 29

bacterial properties on plasmids are

Answer 29

fertility drug resistance virulence production of antimicrobial production of bacteriocins

Question 30

large groups of genes that cause pathogenicity located in chromosomes

Answer 30

pathogeneicity islands

Question 31

what are pathogeneicity islands size

Answer 31

10 to 200 kbp

Question 32

changes in bacterial characters due to underlying genetic changes

Answer 32

genotype

Question 33

changes in bacterial charcters under influence of the environment with no change genetic compustion

Answer 33

phenotype

Question 34

mutation gene transfer 1- transformation 2- conjugation 3- transduction are examples of what /

Answer 34

examples for genotypic variations

Question 35

permanent and heritable

Answer 35

genotypic

Question 36

non heritable and reversible

Answer 36

phenotyoic

Question 37

change s in bases sequence of DNA result in insertion of different amino acids

Answer 37

mutation

Question 38

the resultant of mutation

Answer 38

changing in protein product if the affected gene heritable and irreversable

Question 39

x rays ,ultraviolet, and alkyl agents

Answer 39

mutagenic agents

Question 40

molecular changes that causes mutations

Answer 40

base substitution insertion deletion frames shift mutation

Question 41

recombination of 2 genetically different DNA from bacterial (recipient) to cell donor

Answer 41

gene transfer

Question 42

gene transfer methods

Answer 42

transformation transduction conjugation

Question 43

what are method of transformation

Answer 43

in nature dying bacteria release their DNA which are may be taken up by another bacteria - in laboratry by exteracted DNA and introduced genetically to different bacteria by CaCl and heat shook

Question 44

fragments of DNA transfered to another bacterium by bacteriophage

Answer 44

transduction

Question 45

types of generalized transduction

Answer 45

lytic phages

Question 46

in what cycle the generalized transduction occur

Answer 46

lytic

Question 47

the mechanism of generalized transduction is.

Answer 47

Error in assembly

Question 48

the genes in generalized transduction

Answer 48

any gene chromosomal or plasmids

Question 49

in what cycle specialized transduction

Answer 49

temperate lysogenic the one that the bacterophage on

Question 50

in what cycle specialized transduction occur

Answer 50

lysogenic

Question 51

what is the mechanism of specialized transduction

Answer 51

error in excision

Question 52

what is the genes associated with specialized transduction

Answer 52

chromosomal genes next to site of insertion of prophage

Question 53

meeting of 2 bacterial cells of the same or different species the DNA transferred from a donor to recipient

Answer 53

conjugation

Question 54

what cause insertion mutation

Answer 54

transposon

Question 55

define transposons

Answer 55

non replicating gene that move readily within or between the DNAs of bacteria ,plasmids ,and bacteriohage