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Boc G - Infections > Bacterial infections > Flashcards

Bacterial infections Flashcards

(39 cards)

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1
Q

What pathogen do you suspect in a nose and sinus infection?

A
  • S.pneumoniae
  • GAS
  • S.aureus
  • H.influenzae
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2
Q

What pathogen do you suspect in a Throat/Pharynx infection?

A

GAS

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3
Q

What pathogen do you suspect in a Lungs/bronchi infection?

A
  • S.pneumoniae
  • H.influenzae
  • S.aureus,
  • Klebsiella spp
  • Other Enterobacteriaceae
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4
Q

What pathogen do you suspect in an ear infection?

A

S.pneumoniae

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5
Q

What pathogen do you suspect in a stomach infection?

A

Helicobacter pylori

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6
Q

What pathogen do you suspect in an intestine infection?

A
  • Salmonella, Shigella
  • E.coli O157:H7
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7
Q

What pathogen do you suspect in a UTI infection?

A
  • Enterobacteriaceae
  • Enterococcus
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8
Q

What pathogen do you suspect in a CNS infection?

A
  • N.meningitidis
  • H.influenzae
  • S.pneumoniae
  • Listeria
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9
Q

What pathogen do you suspect in an eye infection?

A
  • Haemophilus
  • Moraxella
  • N.gonorrhoeae,
  • S.pneumoniae
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10
Q

What pathogen do you suspect in a wound infection?

A
  • S.aureus
  • GAS
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11
Q

What pathogen do you suspect in a bone or joint infection?

A
  • S.aureus
  • GAS
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12
Q

Which scheme provides the most accurate identification?

A

Amplification and sequencing of 16S rRNA genes

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13
Q

Which scheme is most commonly used in labs for identification purposes?

A
  1. Culture and biochemical analysis of an isolate
  2. MALDI-TOF analysis
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14
Q

Which scheme is sufficient in most cases to guide appropriate empiric therapy?

A

Gram stain of an isolate

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15
Q

What is the primary reason to treat group A Streptococcus pharyngitis?

A

Prevention of rheumatic heart disease

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16
Q

What are the complications of Staphylococcus spp infection?

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A

Pyogenic

  • Cellulitis
  • Abscesses
  • Osteomyelitis
  • Endocarditis

Toxin Mediated

  • Toxic Shock Syndrome – TSST-1
  • Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome – exfoliative toxin A/B
17
Q

What is the clinical presentation of a Group B Streptococcus infection?

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A
  • Neonatal sepsis
  • Neonatal meningitis
  • Prenatal screening programs
  • Diabetic wound infections
18
Q

What pathogen causes lobar peunomina and can lead to meningitis?

Study These Flashcards
A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

19
Q

What pathogen causes dental caries bacteremia, endocarditis and mouth abscesses?

Study These Flashcards
A

Viridans Streptococcus species

20
Q

Where is Enterococcus normally found?

Study These Flashcards
A

In the GI and biliary tract

21
Q

What can cause Listeria?

Study These Flashcards
A

INVASIVE

  • Meningitis
  • Chorioamnionitis
  • Granulomatous infantiseptica
  • Bacteremia, endocarditis

NON INVASIVE

  • Febrile diarrhea syndromes (culture negative)

Listeria = Major foodborne illness

22
Q

What are the 3 types of Corynebacteria?

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A
  1. C diphtheriae – diphtheria
  2. C urealyticum – renal disease/ calculi
  3. C jeikeium – mutliresistant, bacteremia
23
Q

What are the main cocci gram-positive bacterias?

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A
  1. Staphylococcus spp.
  2. Streptococcus spp.
  3. Enterococcus spp.
24
Q

What are the bacili gram-positive bacterias?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Corynebacteria spp.
  2. Bacillus spp.
  3. Listeria monocytogenes
25
What are the main cocci gram-negative bacterias?
1. Neisseria spp 2. Moraxella spp 3. Acinetobacter spp
26
What are the main gram-negative bacili bacterias?
1. Enterobacteriaceae 2. Haemophilus spp.
27
What pathogen smells like grape and stains green in culture?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
28
What is the main bacterias that causes meningitis?
Neisseria (gram-negative)
29
* Pneumonia * Otitis media * Cconjunctivitis * Sinusitis * Osteomyelitis * Skin infections * Epiglotitis What pathogen do you suspect?
Haemophilus (gram-negative)
30
What do these 3 pathogens have in common? 1. Neisseria meningitidis 2. Haemophilus influenzae 3. Streptococcus pneumoniae
They are Encapsulated Organisms and have vaccines !!
31
What are the most prevalent Anaerobes opportunistic bacteria?
1. Clostridioides difficile (C DIFFICILE) 2. Bacteroides
32
You have a patient with walking pneumona (intersitial pattern on CXR). What pathogen can be the cause of it?
* Chlamydophila pneumoniae * Chlamydophila psitacci * Coxiella burnetti * Mycoplasma pneumoniae * Legionella pneumophilia * Mycobacterium tuberculosis
33
What is Legionella?
An atypical gram negative rod associated with contaminated water systems in homes and institutions
34
What is Rickettsiae?
A small Gram negative rods (rarely stain) that cause: 1. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever – Dermacentor spp 2. Epidemic Typhus / Brill Zinser - lice 3. Murine Typhus – fleas
35
What is the most common route of infection of a bacteria?
**Direct extension** Others: 1. Lymphatic spread 2. Hematologous spread 3. Ingestion (rare)
36
What is the most common bacteria that infects oral/dental/face area?
**STREPTOCOCCU SPP**
37
What is the antibiotic of choice for a dental/oral infection?
Penicillin
38
What is the appropriate management of dental/oral infection?
1. Patient Care: **AIRWAY MANAGEMENT**, medical problems, rest and nutrition (hydration is important), presence of fever 2. **Incision and Drainage: THAT THE PROPER TREATMENT BEFORE ANTIBIOTICS,** leave the drain for 2 days to drain all the pus and provide an oxygenated environment (kills anaerobes) 3. Antibiotic Therapy: aerobic AND anaerobic bacteria, always **do 2 culture and sensitivity tests**, Give **Penicillin** 4. **Removal of the cause** (IMPORTANT): extraction or endodontic treatment
39
What are the 2 most comon pathogens of UTI?
1. E.coli 2. Staph. Saprophyticus

Boc G - Infections (7 decks)

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