Bacteriology Flashcards
bacterial slime layer and its importance
sticky carbohydrate material around the cell. stimulates antibody production and helps it avoid phagocytosis
what is the key feature of G+ bacteria
thick cell wall with a lot of peptidoglycan. purple
Gram- key features
Lipopolysaccharide in outer membrane. resistant to detergents
four atmospheric requirements of bacteria
obligate anaerobes
obligate aerobes
facultative anaerobes
microaerophiles
bacterial genome (haploid/diploid), chromosomal type?
haploid, circular chromosome, double stranded DNA
genotypic, bacterial variants?
mutation- change in DNA
recombination- exchange of DNA between bacteria
transposition- picks up a bit of DNA hanging around
three types of recombination
transduction, conjugation, transformation
Commensal bacteria
live in/on an organism without causing disease
T/f carriers of a pathogen, who are completely asymptomatic, can not shed the pathogen
f. Carriers of a pathogen can shed even if they have no symptoms
what is the difference between obligate and opportunistic pathogens
obligate pathogens have to infect a host to survive. It can’t survive outside of the host
Opportunistic paths are normal flora and only cause disease when something changes about the host
T/f highly virulent pathogens need more tissue compromise and larger bacterial numbers to cause disease
f this is describing weakly virulent pathogens. Highly virulent paths need little tissue damage and only need small numbers of the bacteria to infect
Fomites
inanimate objects that bacteria can survive on
what are four common changes in the host that can predispose it to bacterial infections?
malnutrition, extreme Temps, living environment/cleanliness, travel stress
