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Bacteriology Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Bacteria that don’t stain well

A
  • Mycobacteria- TB & Leprosy
  • Mycoplasma
  • Chlamydia
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1
Q

gram negative cocci

A

•Nisseria

  • Menigitis
  • Gonorrhoeae
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2
Q

Which bacteria modulate endocytic pathway?

A

Mycobacterium

Salmonella

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2
Q

oxidase sensitive, alpha hemolytic

A

S. Pneumonia

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3
Q

Pertussis toxin

A

Bordetella

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3
Q

Type III secretion bacteria

A

Salmonella

Shigella

EHEC/EPEC/EIEC

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4
Q

ETA/ETB (exfoliative toxins)

A

S. aureus

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4
Q

action of E. coli LT (heat labile, plasmid) A5B

A

ADP-ribosylates Gs proteins, increases cAMP=diarrhea

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4
Q

Bacteriostatic antibiotics

A

Tetracyclins – 30 S

Macrolides – 50

Choramphenicol – 50 S

Clindamycin – 50 S

Linezolid – 50S

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5
Q

Tetanus toxin (AB)

A

C. tetani

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5
Q

Action of Exotoxins A and B

A

diarrhea (mechanism uncertain)

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5
Q

action of ETA/ETB

A

proteases: scaled skin syndrom (Nikosky sign, Ritter’s syndrome)

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6
Q

oxidase negative, lactose non-fermenting bacteria

A
  • Shigella
  • Salmonella
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6
Q

Shiga toxin

A

Shigella, E. coli

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6
Q

Bactericidal antibiotics

A

Beta-Lactams - PBP

Daptomycin – Cell membrane

Aminoglycosides – 30S

Nalidixic acid

Fluoroquinolones

Rifampin

Fidaxomicin

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8
Q

E. coli ST (heat A STABLE, plasmid)

A

Binds guanylate cyclase, increases gAMP=diarrhea

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8
Q

Type IV secretion bacteria

A

Legionella

Helicobacter

Rickettsia (Rocky Mountain)

Anaplasmosis

Ehrlichiosis

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9
Q

oxidase resistant, alpha hemolytic

A

Viridians

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9
Q

protein A

A

Staph aureus

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10
Q

lactose non-fermenting bacteria

A

Pseudomonas

Shigella

Salmonella

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12
Q

action of SPE A, B, C

A

bind to some combo of MHC and variable chain without regard for usual fit encoded by phage (superantigens)

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13
Q

action of neutrophil activating protein (NAP)

A

recruits neutrophils, monocytes

increases ROIs

tissue damage, ulcers

(H. pylori)

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14
Q

neutrophil activating protein (NAP)

A

H. pylori (CagA+)

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16
Q

gram negative spirochetes

A

•Borrelia
- recurrentis
- burgodoreferi
•Leptospira interogans
•Treponema
- pallidum
- endemicum
- pertenue
- carateum

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18
Which bacteria survive and replicate in phagolysosome?
coxiella
19
Gram positive rods
* Bacillus * Clostridia * Corynebacterium * Listeria
21
action of Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT)
interrupts cell cycle progression
22
VacA
H. pylori (CagA+)
22
action of Shiga toxin (A5B)
B binds to Gb3 terminal galactose residues STX1 in S. dysenteriae=toxin, no stransmission STX2 mostly in E. Coli=removes an adenine from 28s rRNA
23
24
SPE A, B, C (pyrogenic exotoxins, superantigens)
Strep
25
Spore forming bacteria
1. C. Diff 2. Bacillus anthracis
26
Zinc metalloprotease (lethal toxin) Edema toxin
Bacillus anthracis
27
Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT)
Campylobacter jejuni | (genes also in S. dysenteriae, E. coli)
27
antibodies used for Gram Positives only (too big for Gram neg)
1. Clindamycin 2. Daptomycin 3. Vancomycin 4. Cycloserine 5. Linezolid 6. Macrolides
29
action of CagA
CagAType IV secretion host tyrosine-phosphorylates forms pedestal, increases IL-8 (H. pylori)
31
Which bacteria have an alternative trafficking pathway for entering cells?
Legionella Brucella Chlamydia
32
Streptolysin O (Leukotoxin)
Group A strep
34
resistance to this antibiotic often happens in enterococci in hospitals and can be passed horizontally to staph aureus
Vancomycin
34
Non-motile bacteria
1. Shigella 2. Staphylococcus 3. Streptococcus 4. Rickettsia 5. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
35
alpha hemolytic
Viridians S. Pneumonia
36
actino of Protein A
bound to peptidoglycan binds Fc region of IgG
38
Capsule containing bacteria
1. Streptococcus pyogenic: hyaluronic capsule 2. Strep pneumonia: polysaccharide capsule 3. Bacterioides: poly capsule 4. Haemophilus influenzas: polysaccharide b capsule virulent 5. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: polysacch 6. Salmonella typhi 7. Mycoplasma pneumonia – no cell wall but has a capsule 8. Bacillus anthracis- protein capsule 9. Neisseria Meningitidis ONLY
40
gamma hemolytic
Group D •Enterococcus
41
Streptolysin S (leukotoxin)
Group A Strep
42
action of pertussis toxin (A5B)
ADP-ribosylates Gi proteins, decrease inhibition of cAMP=hypoglycemia
43
Group A Strep are very sensitive to which antibiotic?
Bacitracin
45
beta-hemolytic
Group B •S. Agalactiaceae Group A •S. Pyrogenes
47
action of VacA
increases gastric epithelial erosion alter tight junction = ulcer (H. pylori)
48
49
Botulinum toxin (AB)
C. botulinum
50
Exotoxins A and B
C. diff
51
bloody diarrhea
Campylobacter Salmonella Shigella EHEH, EIEC
52
Lactose fermenting bacteria
E. coli Klebsiella
53
Cholera toxin
Vibro cholerae
54
Oxidase positive, lactose non-fermenting bacteria
•Pseudomonas - aeuruginosa - burkholderia Neisseria
56
CagA
H. pylori (CagA+)
57
bacteria with flagella
Salmonella E. coli Campylobacter - single at poles H. pylori Pseudomonas aeruginosa - one polar
58
action of cholera toxin
binds to GM-1 receptor, toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP) ADP-ribosylates G proteins, increases cAMP diarrhea lysogenic
60
Which bacteria escape phagosomes and replicate in cytosol?
Rickettsia Shigella Escherichia coli Listeria
61
beta hemolytic, bacitracin sensitive
Group A •S. Pyrogenes
62
Used to treat VRSA
sulfonomides trimethophil
63
action of diptheria toxin (A5B)
ADP-ribosylates, activates EF-2. decreases protein synthesis Death formalin-inactivated toxoid=vaccine
64
beta hemolytic, bacitracin resistant
Group B •S. Agalactiaceae

Immunology (9 decks)

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