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Microbiology II > Bacteriology > Flashcards

Bacteriology Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Catalase positive

Coagulase negative

A

Staph epidermidis

Staph saprophyticus

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2
Q

Catalase positive
Coagulase negative
Novobiocin sensitive? Resistant?

A

Sensitive: S. epidermidis
Resistant: S. saprophyticus

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3
Q

Gram+ bacilli

A 
B cereus! No Diet, haLa TATABA Eu!
B. cereus
Nocardia
Diptheria
Listeria
Tetanus
Anthrax
TB
Actinomyces
Bifidobacterium
Acnes (Propionibacterium)
Eubacterium
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4
Q

Grape-like clusters with golden colonies on blood agar is salt-tolerant on which agar

A

Mannitol salt agar

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5
Q

Gold colony color of S aureus is due to what pigment

A

Staphyloxanthin

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6
Q

S aureus habitat

A

Anterior nares and skin

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7
Q

Immunomodulator: prevents complement activation

A

Protein A

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8
Q

Immunomodulator: builds an insoluble fibrin capsule

A

Coagulase

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9
Q

Immunomodulator: Hemolysin is toxic to which type of cells

A

Hematopoietic cells

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10
Q

Immunomodulator: this is specific for white blood cells found in S aureus

A

PV Leukocidin (Pantonvalentine)

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11
Q

Immunomodulator: detoxifies hydrogen peroxide

A

Catalase

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12
Q

Immunomodulator: inactivates penicillin derivatives

A

Penicillinase

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13
Q

Catalase positive

Coagulase positive

A

Staph aureus

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14
Q

Virulence factor for tissue penetrance in S. aureus which hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid

A

Hyaluronidase

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15
Q

Virulence factor for tissue penetrance in S. aureus which dissolves fibrin clots

A

Fibrinolysin (Staphylokinase)

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16
Q

S. aureus toxins which causes epidermal separation

A

Exfoliatin

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17
Q

Superantigens causing food poisoning

A

Enterotoxin (heat-stable)

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18
Q

Superantigen leading to toxic shock syndrome

A

Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1)

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19
Q

S. aureus virulence factor which causes marked necrosis of the skin and hemolysis

A

Alpha toxin

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20
Q

Sequestered focus of osteomyelitis arising in the metaphyseal area of a long bone, usually caused by S. aureus

A

Brodie abscess

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21
Q

Most common cause of acute endocarditis; also affects in native valve (tricuspid valve) in IV drug abusers

A

S. aureus

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22
Q

Usually occurs in women who use tampons and in patients with nasal packing for epistaxis; no site of pyogenic inflammation and blood CS negative; presents with fever, hypotension, sloughing of filiform papilae -> strawberry tongue, desquamating rash and multi-organ development (>3)

A

Toxic Shock Syndrome: TSST-1, S aureus

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23
Q

On blood agar: whitish, non-hemolytic colonies
On gram stain: gram positive cocci in clusters
Calatase positive
Coagulase negative
Novobiocin sensitive

A

S. epidermidis

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24
Q

On blood agar: whitish, non-hemolytic colonies
On gram stain: gram positive cocci in clusters
Calatase positive
Coagulase negative
Novobiocin resistant

Study These Flashcards
A

S. saprophyticus

25
Forms biofilms; MC cause of prosthetic valve endocarditis, septic arthritis in prosthetic joints and ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections
S. epidermidis >50% methicillin-resistant, tx: vancomycin
26
2nd MC cause of UTIs in sexually active women
S. saprophyticus tx: TMP-SMX, quinolones
27
PYR test: positive
PYR test (+): S. pyogenes or group D streptococci (-): all other streptococci
28
``` Gram+ cocci Catalase negative Hemolysis beta Bacitracin sensitive? Resistant? Lancefield group? ```
Sensitive: group A, S. pyogenes (lancefield group A) Resistant: group B, S. agalactiae (lancefield group B)
29
Fibrinolysin in Streptococci
Streptokinase - activates plasminogen
30
Strep pyogenes virulence enzyme which degrades DMA im exudates or necrotic tissue
DNase (Streptodornase)
31
Inactivates complement C5A seen in S. pyogenes
C5A peptidase
32
S. pyogenes toxins (5)
Erythrogenic toxin: prod scarlet fever Streptolysin O (oxygen-labile): highly antigenic, cause AB formation Streptolysin S (oxygen-stable) Pyogenic exotoxin A: superantigen similar to TSST Exotoxin B: protease that rapidly destroys tissue --> necrotizing fascitis
33
Lab tests for S. pyogenes infections
Anti-streptolysin O (ASO) titers: document antecedent pharyngitis Anti-DNAse B titers: docu antecedent skin infection Anti- streptokinase antibodies: decrease efficacy of streptokinase in managing MI
34
Honey-colored crusting on perioral blistered lesions; accumulation of neutrophils under stratum corneum; complication: poststrep GN
Impetigo contagiosa
35
MC bacterial cause of sore throat
S. pyogenes
36
Pastia's lines, sandpaper-like centrifugal rash, strawberry tongue, fever, desquamation describe what disease? Bacterial agent?
Scarlet Fever S. pyogenes Erythrogenic toxin Dick test for susceptibility
37
Tx for S. pyogenes infections
Pen G
38
``` Gram+ cocci in chains, beta-hemolytic, grows in LIM broth Catalase negative Bacitracin resistant CAMP test positive Lancefield group B ```
S. agalactiae (group B streptococci)
39
True or False: All pregnant women should be screened for GBS colonization during the first trimester
False; screening at 35-37 weeks AOG
40
S. agalactiae chemoprophylaxis of IV Penicillin or Ampicillin is given ___hrs prior to delivery
4 hours
41
Maybe the culprit in UTIs due to catheters and instrumentation; biliary tractinfections, endocarditis post GIT or GUT surgery
S. agalactiae
42
Bacteria responsible for marantic endocarditis in patients with abdominal malignancy
Streptococcus bovis
43
Gram+ cocci in chains, gamma (nonhemolytic) colonies Catalase negative Bile and optochin resistant Lancefield group D PYR test + Hydrolyzes esculin in bile esculin agar (BEA)
Emterococcus faecalis (Group D streptococci)
44
Tx for E. faecalis
Penicillin + Gentamicin If penicillin-resistant: vancomycin If vancomycin-resistant: linezolid
45
``` Gram+ lancet shapped cocci in pairs (diplococci) _____? hemolytic Catalase _____? Bile and optochin _____? Positive/negative? Quellung reaction ```
ALPHA hemolytic Catalase NEGATIVE Bile and optochin SENSITIVE POSITIVE Quellung reaction
46
Mnemonic for encapsulated bacteria
``` Some Killers Have Pretty Nice and Shiny Bodies S pneumoniae Klebsiella pneumoniae H influenzae P aeruginosa N meningitidis Salmonella typhi B group streptococci ```
47
MC cause of subacute and native valve endocarditis
Streptococcus sanguis
48
Viridans streptococci found in dental caries
Streptococcus mutans
49
``` Gram+ cocci in chains Alpha hemolytic Catalase negative Bile and optochin resistant Tx: PenG w w/o aminoglycoside (gentamicin) ```
Viridans Streptococci
50
Dry ground-glass surface and irregular edges with projections along the lines of inoculation
Medusa nead morphology | Bacillus anthracis
51
B. anthracis virulence factors which 1) inhibits a signal transduction in cell division and the other 2) mediates entry of the other 2 components into the cell
1) lethal factor LF 2) protective antigen PA Combined: lethal toxin
52
B. anthracis protective antigen (PA) + Edema factor (EF) -->
Edema toxin *edema factor EF (calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase)
53
Pulmonary hemorrhage is the most common cause of death in the following diseases (3):
Pulmonary anthrax Weil's syndrome Congenital syphilis
54
Other name for anthrax infection when it spores are inhaled from animals
Woolsorter's disease
55
Prolonged latent infection in inhalational anthrax lasts for ____ before rapid deterioration lasts for
2 months
56
DOC for cutaneous anthrax? Inhalational/ GI anthrax?
Cutaneous: Ciprofloxacin Inhalational/GI: Ciprofloxacin or Doxycycline with one or 2 additional antibiotics (rifampin, vancomycin, penicillin, imipenem, clindamycin, clarithromycin)
57
Gram+ box car like rods which are nonmotile, spore-forming with medusa head morphology
B. anthracis
58
Aerobic, motile, gram+ spore-forming rods with spores usually found on rice grains withstanding steaming and rapid frying (reheated fried rice)
Bacillus cereus

Microbiology II (4 decks)

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