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Membranes > Baker Electron Transport Chains > Flashcards

Baker Electron Transport Chains Flashcards

1
Q

A positive electrochemical potential is equal to what kind of gibbs?

A

+E = -G

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2
Q

How many protons and electrons do flavins carry?

A

2H+, 2e-

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3
Q

How many protons and electrons do FeS carry?

A

one e- per Fe

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4
Q

How many protons and electrons do quinones carry?

A

2e-, 2H+

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5
Q

What is the redox chain of mitochondrial complex 1?

A

FMN-3x 4Fe4S

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6
Q

How many protons does complex 1 mitochondrial pump?

A

4

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7
Q

How many protons does mitochondrial complex 2 pump?

A

0

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8
Q

What prosthetic groups does complex 2 have?

A

FeS-cytB

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9
Q

Are complexes 3 bc1 and bf6 analogous or homologous?

A

analogous- same function, different origin

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10
Q

what is the ISP?

A

2Fe-2His in complex 3

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11
Q

how many protons does the Q cycle pump?

A

4

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12
Q

what is the structure of cytochromes?

A

porphyrin rings with varying sidechains. double bonds for electron transport. Fe/haem centre

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13
Q

What is the mitochondrial complex 4 equation?

A

4CytCr + 8Hm + O2 -> 4CytCo + 4Hi + 2H2O

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14
Q

What is the redox pathway of mitochondrial complex 4?

A 
CuA:CuA - cyt a- cyt a3 - CuB. 
2e- to CuB and a3.
O2 peroxide bridge
2e-, 2H+ for hydroxyls
2H+ releases
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15
Q

How many H does ATP synthase pump?

A

3H+ for F0/c subunit repulsion through y stalk to alpha-beta dimers for beta-catalysis by binding change mechanism

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16
Q

What is the P:O ratio?

A

NADH 2.5, FADH 1.5

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17
Q

what is the structure of chlorophyll?

A

cyclic tetrapyrolles with Mg centre. double bonds for electron transport

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18
Q

what wavelengths are absorbed by chlorophyll?

A

red 600-700, blue 400-500

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19
Q

what chlorophyll molecules are in the reaction centre?

A

special pair of chla

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20
Q

which bacterium has cyclic electron transport?

A

rhodopseudomonas viridis

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21
Q

What is the structure of the P960?

A

L&M structural TM helices, 2 other peptides

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22
Q

what structure is pheophytin?

A

chlorophyll without the Mg

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23
Q

What is the redox cycle of P960?

A

Bchl- BPh- Qa- Qb- Q pool- Cyt bc1- Cytc2 permanment subunit

24
Q

What is the PS11 wavelength?

A

680

25
Q

What is the PS11 redox groups?

A 
Mn4 OEC
P680
Pheo
PQa
PQb
PQ pool
cyt b6f
PC
26
Q

What is the redox system of PS1?

A 
PC
P700
ChlA0
PQA1
3x 4Fe4S Fd-Q oxidoreductase
2Fe2S of Fd
Fd-NADP oxidoreductase + FAD
NADPH
27
Q

what is the pathway of chloroplast cyclic electron transport?

A

Fd to Fd-PC oxidoreductase

28
Q

what is the structure of PC?

A

analogous to cytochrome C with Copper centre

29
Q

what wavelength do caroteniods absorb?

A

green-blue

30
Q

what structure do caroteniods have?

A

C20 isoprene with double bounds

31
Q

what wavelengths do phycobilosomes absorb?

A

yellow/green 600-400

32
Q

what organisms have phycobilisomes?

A

algae, cyanobacteria

33
Q

Which direction does cytb6f translocate protons?

A

stroma into thylakiod lumen

34
Q

how do antenna pigments transfer energy?

A

resonance energy transfer

35
Q

what structure is the phycobilisome?

A

phycoerthyrin and phycocyanin attached to photosystem membrane surface

36
Q

what antenna do yeast and fungi use?

A

phycoerthyrin and phycocyanin

37
Q

what structure is the LHC11?

A

trimeric antenna complex
each monomer has 12chla/b + carotenoids
surronds PS11 reaction centre/special pair

38
Q

which chlorophyll is found in reaction centres?

A

a

39
Q

which protein complexes are in stacked region of thylakiod?

A

PS11 and cyt b6f

40
Q

how does the LHC11 kinase reduce energy absorption?

A

PS11>PS1 then reduced PQ activates LHC11 kinase to phosphorylate LHC11 to reduce resonance transfer

41
Q

how does the photosynthetic ETC change reduction potential?

A

decreases

42
Q

what is the complex 3 Q cycle?

A

e- to ISP to cytC/F

e- to bL to bH

43
Q

Do flavins always carry 2H?

A

No, can carry 1

44
Q

What are the 3 forms of Plasto/ubiquinone?

A

Q
Q-
QH2

45
Q

How are cytochromes bound to proteins?

A

Through cysteines or non-covalently

46
Q

How can the movement of ATPase be observed?

A

Linking actin filament through streptavidin/biotin to F0 when F1 is membrane bound

47
Q

How does the P:O ratio differ in bacteria and yeast?

A

Lower as more c subunits

48
Q

What are the inhibitors of mETC?

A 
1: rotenome, amytal
2:
3: antimycin
4: cyanide
ATPase: oligomycin uncoupler
49
Q

What reducing power does photophosphorylation produce?

A

NADPH

50
Q

Which is the slow step of PSII?

A

QH2 pool

51
Q

How many photons are required to evolve the first oxygen?

A

3

52
Q

What is the structure of the OEC?

A

4Mn, 3 in coordination and 1 for O2 binding

53
Q

What type of tetrapyrolle are the phycobilins?

A

linear

54
Q

Is the a defined number of LHC per PS?

A

No

55
Q

Is cytochrome b6f isolated in the stacked region?

A

No, found in stacked and unstacked region of thylakoid membrane

Membranes (7 decks)

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