Bananas :) 🍌 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the value and volume of the banana trade?

A

Revenues of over $15 billion a year.
5th most traded agricultural product

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2
Q

What are the 2 groups that dominate the banana trade?

A

APC group (Africa, Caribbean and Pacific)
Dollar producers (central America)

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3
Q

What are the large TNCs that control the banana trade?

A

Chiquita, Del Monte

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4
Q

Where are the main areas growing bananas for export?

A

80% of bananas are grown for local consumption
Central America and the Caribbean are the main areas for exporting bananas.

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5
Q

Who are the main importers of bananas?

A

USA
EU
2013 - consumed 27% total exported

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6
Q

Who are the main consumers of bananas?

A

Regiones Werther they’re grown for the domestic market.
India and Philippines.

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7
Q

What are the environmental impacts of the banana trade?

A

Chiquita apply around 30 kg of chemicals per hectare per year.

Deforestation- two tonnes of waste from deforestation for every one tonne of bananas produced.

Decreases biodiversity and increases pollution.

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8
Q

What percentage of the total cost of a banana stays in the north, not benefiting the farmers?

A

Around 90% of cost payed by rich consumers - stays in rich north.

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9
Q

What is the structure of the banana TNCs?

A

Vertical integration - own plantations, have own transport, ripening facilities etc…
Companies shares in the trade fallen to 45% meaning retailers have more powers - suppliers have to accept low prices.

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10
Q

What are the low prices doing to the TNCs?

A

TNCs relocate to west Africa - need lower costs and weaker legislation - ‘race to the bottom’ in social and environmental standards.
Long hours low wages

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11
Q

What are the political impacts of the band and trade?

A

Trade wars-
1975 - EU agreement with 71 ACP countries - Lome agreement.
Given trade access to EU markets to import bananas. Protected smaller farms from large TNCs.
1992- TNCs complained practice was unfair.

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12
Q

What percentage cut do the workers and retailers get?

A

Workers: 5 to 9% of total value of bananas
Retailers: 36 - 43% of total banana value

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13
Q

How is the banana trade shifting temporally through SEEP?

A

Environmental - waves of disease, long term losses of biodiversity.
Economic - small farmers growing in control.
Social - Banana as the most popular fruit.
Political - developing countries taken advantage of as stronger countries grow.

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