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basal ganglia Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

basal ganglia is a collection of _____

A

gray matter nuclei

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2
Q

basal ganglia can be found deep within _____

A

cerebral white matter

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3
Q

what are the components of the basal ganglia

A

caudate nuc
putamen
globus pallidus
subthalamic nuc
substantia nigra
nucleus accumbens

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4
Q

it is made up by the caudate nuc and putamen

A

striatum or neostriatum

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5
Q

globus pallidus is aka

A

paleostriatum or pallidum

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6
Q

subthalamic nuc is aka

A

nucleus of Luys

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7
Q

it is made up by the caudate nuc, putamen and globus pallidus

A

corpus striatum

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8
Q

it is made up by the putamen and globus pallidus

A

lentiform nucleus

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9
Q

elongated arched gray cellular mass related throughout its extent to the lateral ventricle

A

Caudate Nucleus

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10
Q

Caudate Nucleus lies lateral to the _____

A

thalamus

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11
Q

the lateral surface of the caudate nuc is related to the _____

A

internal capsule

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12
Q

the internal capsule separates the caudate from the ______

A

lentiform nucleus

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13
Q

the head of the caudate protrudes into _____

A

anterior horn of lateral ventricle

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14
Q

the body of caudate is _____ to the thalamus

A

dorsolateral to the thalamus

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15
Q

the body of caudate us near _____

A

lateral wall of the lateral ventricle

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16
Q

the tail of caudate follows the curvature of the _____

A

inferior horn of lateral ventricle

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17
Q

the tail of caudate enters the ____ and terminates at ______

A

enters the temporal lobe

terminates at the region of the amygdaloid complex

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18
Q

the caudate nuc is _____ in shape

A

C-shaped

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19
Q

the lentiform nuc is _____ shaped

A

wedge shaped

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20
Q

the apex of the lentiform is directed _____

A

medially

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21
Q

the base of the lentiform is directed _____

A

laterally

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22
Q

outer and inner of lentiform nuc

A

outer putamen and inner globus pallidus

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23
Q

the lentiform nuc can be found bet _____

A

internal and external capsule

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24
Q

the lentiform is related medially to _____

A

internal capsule

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25
the lentiform is related laterally to _____
external capsule
26
the external capsule separates lentiform from _____
claustrum
27
most lateral part of the corpus striatum
putamen
28
the putamen is found bet _____ and _____
external capsule and the lateral medullary lamina of the globus pallidus
29
the rostral part of the putamen is cont ______
ventromedially with the head of the caudate
30
most medial part of the lentiform nuc
globus pallidus
31
the globus pallidus has high concentration of _____
myelinated fibers
32
the globus pallidus is _____ in origin
diencephalic
33
what are the 2 segments of the globus pallidus
interna and externa
34
what separates globus pallidus internus and externa
medial medullary lamina
35
what makes up the medial border of the globus pallidus
fibers of the posterior limb of internal capsule
36
the corpus striatum is _____ to thalamus
lateral
37
the corpus striatum is divided by ____
internal capsule
38
the internal capsule divides the corpus striatum into _____
caudate and lentiform nuc
39
what gives the striatum a striated appearance
produced by strands of gray matter passing through the internal capsule
40
what does the striatum connect
caudate nucleus to the putamen
41
the striatum receives inputs to _____
basal ganglia
42
caudate and putamen are separated by internal capsule but remain joined in some places by ______
cellular bridges
43
how is the ventral striatum formed
anteriorly and ventrally the putamen fuses with head of the caudate
44
______ is found in ventral striatum
nucleus accumbens
45
the substantia nigra is dorsal to _____
crus cerebri
46
NT of substantia nigra
dopamine
47
what are the 2 portions of substantia nigra
Substantia nigra pars reticulata and compacta
48
discuss SNP reticulata and compacta in terms of location
reticulata - ventral compacta - dorsal
49
discuss SNP reticulata and compacta in terms of cells
reticulata - similar to GPi compacta - dark dopaminergic neurons
50
the SNP reticulata is sep from GPi by ____
internal capsule
51
the subthalamic nuc is found ______
under the thalamus
52
main input/receptive site of BG
striatum (caudate, putamen)
53
main output site of BG
GPi and substantia nigra pars reticulata
54
excitatory neuron of BG
glutamate
55
inhib neuron of BG
GABA
56
discuss the main input to the BG
main source is cerebral cortex that releases glutamate to striatum SNP compacta to putamen releasing dopamine (nigrostrial pathway)
57
exp nigrostrial pathway
release of dopamine to striatum via putamen from SNP compacta
58
other sources of input to BG
glutamate from intralaminar nuc of thalamus serotonin from raphe nuclei
59
function of inputs to BG
excitatory motor control via striatum/putamen
60
function of outputs to BG
inhib motor control via GPi and SNP reticulata
61
GPi is for _____
inhib of rest of body
62
SNP reticulata is for _____
head and neck
63
discuss outputs of BG
GABA sento to VL and VA of thalamus via thalamus fasciculus
64
thalamus convey information from basal ganglia to ____
frontal lobe esp premotor, supplementary motor and primary motor cortex
65
function of intralaminar nuclei of thalamus (centromedian and parafascicular)
project back to striatum for feedback
66
func of mediodorsal nuc of thalamuc
limbic pathway
67
purpose of pontomedullary reticular formation
influencing reticulospinal tract
68
purpose of superior colliculus
influencing tectospinal tract
69

neuro 3rd shift (12 decks)

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