Based on Test 1 Q1 Flashcards
(27 cards)
List 4 ‘acceptable’ outputs of a robust system
- Power
- Data integrity
- Availability
- Security
Name ‘unforseen’ inputs that can affect a robust system.
- Defects/Process variation/Degraded transistors
- Design errors
- Software failures
- Malicious attacks
- Human error
- Software failures
Name attributes required for Robust (dependable) System Design for avoidance of problems
- Design validation/thorough test h/w + s/w
- Infant morality screening
- Transient error avoidance
What do the abbreviations CBM stand for?
Condition based monitoring
What do the abbreviation PHM stand for?
Prognostic health monitoring
What two types of models are associated with CBM and PHM?
Data driven reliability population based models.
Physics of failure (POF) models
Moore’s Law (scaling) affects what 3 aspects of a transistor and by how much?
- Gate dimensions scaled down by 30%
- Gate oxide thickness scales
- Vdd and Vt scaled
What 3 performance parameters directly relate with 3 aspects of a transistor affected by Moore’s law and what is the relative change?
Transistor density doubled — more capability/funcionality
Faster transistor — higher performance, lower active power
What is the
ITRS
International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors
Why do actual (scaled) technology nodes lag ITRS predictions in automotive electronics?
Meeting Quality, Reliability and Environmental Demands
What 2 words describe the design process from specification to final product?
Transformation and optimization
What is a netlist?
Machine readable ‘soft model’ of a circuit in terms of function calls to components libraries together with a linked list.
How does verification differ from validation of complex ICS?
Verification ensures by simulation that the netlist meets the designer’s intent.
Validation (testing) checks that the final product does the job that it was intended to do in the specification.
For a system to be fault tolerant, it must be able to…
… detect ,diagnose, confine, mask, copensate and recover from faults.
What are 2 major chellenges for testing ICs?
Complexity and the test access.
Following symptom describes which one
(malufunction, error, degradation, failure, defect, fault)
Breaking force is below expectation
(Difference between expected and observed performance)
Malfunction
Following symptom describes which one
(malufunction, error, degradation, failure, defect, fault)
Vehickle does not slow down or stop in time
(Unacceptable difference between expected and observed performance)
Failure
Following symptom describes which one
(malufunction, error, degradation, failure, defect, fault)
Brake fluids starts to leak out.
(Abstraction/effect of a physical defect)
Fault
Following symptom describes which one
(malufunction, error, degradation, failure, defect, fault)
Brake fluid piping has a weak spot or joint.
(Unintended difference between implemented hardware and intended function)
Defect
Following symptom describes which one
(malufunction, error, degradation, failure, defect, fault)
Brake fluid pressure drops too low
(Incorrect output signal value produced by a defective system)
Error
Following symptom describes which one
(malufunction, error, degradation, failure, defect, fault)
Breaking requires higher force or takes longer.
(Over time the effect worsens eventually reaching an unsafe threshold)
Degradation
Malfunction
Breaking force is below expectation
(Difference between expected and observed performance)
Failure
Vehickle does not slow down or stop in time
(Unacceptable difference between expected and observed performance)
Fault
Brake fluids starts to leak out.
(Abstraction/effect of a physical defect)
