Basics Flashcards

Question

Weaknesses of Marxism

Answer 1

Too negative - communism isn’t a perfect solution Underestimates the proletariat Doesn’t consider other inequalities (gender)

Answer 2

Bourgeoise (capitalists) are a small powerful group who owned the factories and other places of employment

Answer 3

The proletariat are the “workers” in the hands of the bourgeoise” Unaware of the “exploitation” from the bourgeoisie that’s why a conflict has never arisen

Answer 4

1) there are inequalities in power and status between men and women and the idea that men dominate women and subordinate to them in most areas of social life 2) these inequalities generate differences of interest and conflict between men and women - they are conflict theories 3) gender roles and inequalities are socially constructed and can be changed 4) a recognition of patriarchy. Walby sees patriarchy embedded in 6 structures which combine to keep women in a position of subordination

Answer 5

1) the household: women have a responsibility for housework and childcare limiting work opportunities 2) paid work: lower paid, lower status and more part time temporary jobs 3) the state: policies are primarily in men’s interest (tampon tax) 4) sexuality: different standard of behaviour expected of men and women 5) male violence: domestic violence and rape are condoned or ignored inadequately tacked by the state 6) cultural institutions: religion, media, education and other institutions all reinforce patriarchy

Answer 6

Liberal Radical Marxist

Answer 7

Liberal believe we can gain equality though changes of legislation- inequalities because of stereotyping, gender role socialisation 1975 sex discrimination act/ 1970 equal pay act

Answer 8

Strengths: Research had produced evidence gender differences are socially constructed Weaknesses: Only deals with subordination rather than challenged fundamental causes

Answer 9

Radical: Regard patriarchy as the most fundamental form of inequality Believe all relationships with men will involve sexual politics - power struggle Women should free themselves from oppression by living their lives separate

Answer 10

-assumes all women share common interest- fails to recognise other factors eg race Fails to acknowledge improvements Doesn’t offer any solution Sees men as enemy

Answer 11

Marxist feminists: Believe capitalism is the source of women’s inequality Women used as cheap labour- childcare etc Ansley- women are “takers of shit” they absorb men’s anger at their exploitation at work which helps to keep capitalism stable

Answer 12

Marxist feminism: Fail to explain patriarchy has existed in all known society not just capitalist ones Men not just capitalism benefit from women’s subordination and who enjoy positions of power and status

Answer 13

First feminist wave: Women’s suffrage Women campaigned and won the right to vote in 1928 De Jure - officially mandated inequality 1972 book- a vindication of the rights of women by Mary Wollstonecraft Focus on political rights

Answer 14

Second wave of feminism: De Facto- unofficial inequalities Began around 1960s Reproductive Equality in the workplace Divorce laws Focus on legal and social inequalities 1970 pay act and 1975 sex discrimination act

Answer 15

Third wave of feminism: Gender violence Reclaiming derogatory terms Began around the 1990s Over emphasis on upper middle class white women Began Around 1990s

Answer 16

Fourth wave: Began around 1912 Focuses on: Sexual harassment, including street harassment Workplace discrimination Body shaming Sexist imagery in the media Online misogyny

Answer 17

New right key ideas: An emphasis on the individual rather than the group A strong support for free enterprise (market capitalism) An emphasis on competition and choice as a way of driving up standards in public services such as health care and education Reduced state provision of welfare benefits- self sufficient