BASICS (first ppt)

Question 1

Is a scientific name that precisely describes its anatomic and molecular structure

Answer 1

Chemical Name

Question 2

Abbreviation of the chemical name

Answer 2

Generic Name

Question 3

• Brand name or Proprietary name
• Selected by the drug company selling
the product
• These are protected by copyright

Answer 3

Trade name

Question 4

• Brand name or Proprietary name
• Selected by the drug company selling
the product
• These are protected by copyright

Answer 4

Trade name

Question 5

The symbol _____ indicates the name is
registered by and restricted to the
drug manufacturer

Answer 5

®

Question 6

(pouch between the cheek and gum)

Answer 6

Buccal

Question 7

(under the tongue)

Answer 7

Sublingual

Question 8

(on the tongue)

Answer 8

Translingually

Question 9

Allows direct installation of medication into the GI system of patients who can’t ingest the drug orally

Answer 9

Gastric

Question 10

the _____ route allows injection of substances (drugs, fluids, blood or blood products, and diagnostic contrast agents) directly into the bloodstream through a vein

Answer 10

Intravenous

Question 11

• administration can range from a single dose to an ongoing infusion delivered with great precision

Answer 11

intravenous

Question 12

This is usually the safest, most convenient, and least expensive route; drugs are administered to patients
who are conscious and can swallow

Answer 12

Oral

Question 13

• Suppositories, ointments, creams, gels, and tablets may be instilled into the rectum or vagina to treat local irritation or infection; some drugs applied to the mucosa of the rectum or vagina can
be absorbed systemically

Answer 13

Rectal and vaginal

Question 14

Drugs that are available as gases can be administered into the respiratory system;
drugs given by inhalation are rapidly absorbed, and medications given by such devices as the metered-dose inhaler can be self-administered, or drugs can be administered directly into the lungs through an endotracheal tube in emergency situations

Answer 14

Respiratory

Question 15

Drugs may also be given as specialized infusions injected directly into a specific site in the patient’s body such as:
______ - (into the epidural space)
• Intrathecal infusion (into the cerebrospinal fluid)
• Intrapleural infusion (into the pleural cavity)
• Intraperitoneal infusion (into the peritoneal cavity)
• Intraosseous infusion (into the rich vascular network of
a long bone)
• Intraarticular infusion (into a joint).

Answer 15

Epidural infusion

Question 16

(into the cerebrospinal fluid)

Answer 16

Intrathecal infusion

Question 17

(into the pleural cavity)

Answer 17

Intrapleural infusion

Question 18

(into the peritoneal cavity)

Answer 18

Intraperitoneal infusion

Question 19

(into the rich vascular network of a long bone)

Answer 19

Intraosseous infusion

Question 20

(into a joint).

Answer 20

Intraarticular infusion

Question 21

Drugs shaped spherical to be
swallowed

Answer 21

Pills

Question 22

Powders compressed into disc-like
form

Answer 22

Tablet

Question 23

Drugs mixed with a waxlike base that melts at body temperature

Answer 23

Suppositories

Question 24

Gelatin containers filled with powders or tiny pills

Answer 24

Capsules

Question 25

form of drug that is Water or oil based

Answer 25

Solutions

Question 26

form of drug that is Prepared using alcohol extraction

Answer 26

Tinctures

Question 27

form of drug that is Preparations in which the solid does not dissolve in the solvent

Answer 27

Suspensions

Question 28

Suspensions with an oily substance in the solvent

Answer 28

Emulsions

Question 29

Solution of a volatile drug in alcohol

Answer 29

Spirits

Question 30

Alcohol and water solvent often with flavouring

Answer 30

Elixirs

Question 31

Sugar, water, and drug solutions

Answer 31

Syrups

Question 32

_______ deals with a drug’s actions as it moves through the body.

Answer 32

Pharmacokinetics

Question 33

_______ deals with a drug’s actions as it moves through the body.

Answer 33

Pharmacokinetics

Question 34

pharmacokinetics discusses how a drug is:

Answer 34

⚬ Absorbed (taken into the body) ⚬ Distributed (moved into various tissues) ⚬ Metabolized (changed into a form that can be excreted) ⚬ Excreted (removed from the body).

Question 35

This branch of pharmacology is also concerned with a drug’s onset of action, peak concentration level, and duration of action

Answer 35

Pharmacokinetics

Question 36

This branch of pharmacology is also concerned with a drug’s onset of action, peak concentration level, and duration of action

Answer 36

Pharmacokinetics

Question 37

Drug ______ covers a drug’s progress from the time it’s administered, through its passage to the tissues, until it reaches systemic circulation

Answer 37

absorption

Question 38

On a ______ level, drugs are absorbed by several means—primarily through active or passive transport.

Answer 38

cellular level

Question 39

_______ is the process by which the drug is delivered from the systemic circulation to body tissues and fluids.

Answer 39

Drug distribution

Question 40

Distribution of an absorbed drug within the body depends on several factors:

Answer 40

⚬ blood flow ⚬ solubility ⚬ protein binding

Question 41

_______, is the process by which the body changes a drug from its dosage form to a more water-soluble form that can then be excreted.

Answer 41

Drug metabolism, or biotransformation

Question 42

Most drugs are metabolized into _______ (products of metabolism), which are then excreted.

Answer 42

inactive metabolites

Question 43

____ may undergo further metabolism or may be excreted from the body unchanged

Answer 43

Active metabolites

Question 44

_____ refers to the elimination of drugs from the body.

Answer 44

Drug excretion

Question 45

Most drugs are excreted by the ______ and leave the body through ______.

Answer 45

kidneys; urine

Question 46

Drugs can also be excreted through the:

Answer 46

• lungs • exocrine (sweat, salivary, or mammary) glands • skin • intestinal tract.

Question 47

The study of the drug mechanisms that produce biochemical or physiologic changes in the body. The interaction at the cellular level between a drug and cellular components, such as the complex proteins that make up the cell membrane, enzymes, or target receptors, represents drug action.

Answer 47

pharmacodynamics

Question 48

The response resulting from this drug action is the ______

Answer 48

drug effect.

Question 49

The use of drugs to treat disease.

Answer 49

Pharmacotherapeutics

Question 50

_______ can occur between drugs or between drugs and foods. They can interfere with the results of a laboratory test or produce physical or chemical incompatibilities. The more drugs a patient receives, the greater the chances that a _____ will occur.

Answer 50

Drug interactions

Question 51

Potential drug interactions include:

Answer 51

⚬ Additive effects ⚬ Potentiation ⚬ Antagonistic effects ⚬ Decreased or increased absorption ⚬ Decreased or increased

Question 52

A drug’s desired effect is called the _______

Answer 52

expected therapeutic response.

Question 53

An _____ (also called a side effector adverse effect), on the other hand, is a harmful, undesirable response.

Answer 53

adverse drug reaction

Question 54

type of medication order that is Needed immediately

Answer 54

STAT

Question 55

type of medication order that is given only once

Answer 55

Single Order

Question 56

type of medication order that is given as needed

Answer 56

PRN

Question 57

type of medication order that is written in advance carried out under specific circumstances

Answer 57

Standing Order

Question 58

type of medication order that is written in advance carried out under specific circumstances

Answer 58

Standing Order