ENDOCRINE SUMMARY OF TERMS Flashcards
(20 cards)
outer layer of the adrenal gland; produces glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids in response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation.
Adrenal cortex
drugs used to block bone resorption and lower
serum calcium levels in several conditions
Bisphosphonates
excessive calcium levels in the blood
Hypercalcemia
hormone produced by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid; counteracts the effects of parathyroid hormone to maintain calcium levels
Calcitonin
lack of sufficient thyroid hormone to maintain
metabolism
Hypothyroidism
excessive levels of thyroid hormones
Hyperthyroidism
excessive parathormone
Hyperparathyroidism
calcium deficiency
Hypocalcemia
a synthetic salt of thyroxine, a thyroid hormone; the most frequently used replacement hormone for treating thyroid disease
Levothyroxine
rare condition of absence of parathormone; may
be seen after thyroidectomy.
Hypoparathyroidism
rate at which the cells burn energy
Metabolism
lobe of the pituitary gland that produces stimulating hormones, as well as growth hormone, prolactin, and melanocyte-stimulating hormone
Anterior pituitary
Postmenopausal osteoporosis
condition in which dropping levels of estrogen allow calcium to be pulled out of the bone, resulting in a weakened and honeycombed bone structure.
important dietary element used by the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormone
Iodine
a genetically linked disorder of overactive osteoclasts that are eventually replaced by enlarged and softened bony structures
Paget’s Disease
drugs used to prevent the formation of thyroid hormone in the thyroid cells, lowering thyroid hormone levels
Thioamides
steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex; include androgens, glucocorticoids,
and mineralocorticoids
Corticosteroids
steroid hormones released from the adrenal cortex: they increase blood glucose levels, fat deposits, and protein breakdown for energy
Glucocorticoids
steroid hormones released by the adrenal cortex; they cause sodium and water retention and potassium excretion
Mineralocorticoids
a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels and altered metabolism of proteins and fats; associated with thickening of the basement membrane, leading to numerous complications
Diabetes mellitus
