Basics Of Surgery Flashcards
(12 cards)
Types of upper abdominal surgery incisions + what they are used for
- Kocher: open cholecystectomy
- Chevron: liver transplant, whipple procedure, pancreatic surgery or upper GI surgery
- Mercedes Benz incision: liver transplant
What is a whipple procedure?
Removal of head of pancreas, duodenum, gallbladder + bile duct
Types of abdominal organ surgery incisions + what they are used for
- **midline or paramedian*: laparotomy
- hockey-stick: renal transplant
Types of appedix surgery incisions + what they are used for
- battle: paramedian
- Gridiron/mcburney: oblique
- Lanz: transverse
-
Rutherford Morrison: extended oblique
. - all for open appendicectomy
What is diathermy
high frequency electrical current to cut through tissues or to cauterise small blood vessels to stop bleeding > targeted localised burning of tissues
Types of sutures and examples
- absorbable: e.g. vicryl + monocryl
- non-absorbable: e.g. silk, nylon
- monofilament vs braided
When are absorbable sutures used?
For tissues that will heal well + remain sealed after suture has been absorbed
e.g. in abdominal cavity
When are non-absorbable sutures used?
- closing skin
- fixing drains in place
- connective tissue that heals slowly
What are three stages the WHO surgical safety checklist is done?
- before induction of anaesthesia (sign in)
- before first skin incision (time out)
- before patient leaves theatre (sign out)
Contraindications of laparoscopic surgery
- Haemodynamic shock/instability
- raised ICP
- acute intestinal obstruction with dilated bowel loops
- uncorrected coagulopathy
- AAA
- pregnancy
- extensive adhesions
- receptor laparotomy
Complications of laparoscopy
- general anaesthetic risks
- vasovagal reaction e.g. bradycardia in response to abdominal distension
- surgical emphysema
- injury to GI tract
- injury to blood vessels e.g. common iliacs, deep interior epigastric artery
