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ANSC 240 > Beef Cattle Reproductive MGMT > Flashcards

Beef Cattle Reproductive MGMT Flashcards

1
Q

Birth weight

A

50-120 pounds

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2
Q

Weaning age

A

5-8 months

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3
Q

Weaning weight

A

400-800 pounds

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4
Q

Females mature weight

A

900-1800 pounds

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5
Q

Male mature weight

A

1400-3000 pounds

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6
Q

Slaughter weight

A

1000-1500 pounds liveweight

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7
Q

Heifers are bred to calve at what age?

A

2 years

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8
Q

Heifers reach breeding age at..?

A

14-19 months

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9
Q

Gestation length

A

9 months (280-283 days)

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10
Q

What dictates the time of calving?

A

Type of cattle operation

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11
Q

Which types of farm calve in January? Fall?

A

Show farms; commercial herds (Southern IN)

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12
Q

Do Heifers continue to grow after calving?

A

Yes

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13
Q

Estrous cycle length

A

21 days

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14
Q

Estrus

A

13-17 hours

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15
Q

After calving, how long until they go into heat again?

A

45 days

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16
Q

Normal Calf Crop

A

90%

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17
Q

Desirable Calving Interval

A

12 months

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18
Q

Should bulls be the same age as heifers they’re breeding?

A

Yes

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19
Q

What is a Breeding Soundness Examination for bulls?

A

Reproductive exam

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20
Q

How often should bulls have a BSE?

A

Yearly

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21
Q

One young bulls (about how many years?) should breed how many cows?

A

2 years; 20 cows

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22
Q

Older bull can breed how many cows?

A

30

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22
Q

Bulls can be greatest genetic advancement because..?

A

They breed multiple cows

22
Q

Heritability ranges from what to what? Which number represents fully heritable traits?

A

0.0 (not heritable) - 1.0 (fully heritable)

22
Q

Heritability definition

A

Difference in individuals that is related to genetic make-up. The portion of the difference in genetic traits passed on from generation to generation

22
Q

Is AI a common practice?

A

Yes

22
Q

The higher the ______ of a trait, the _______ the pace of progress that can be made on expression of that trait

A

Heritability; greater

22
Q

Does AI lead to greater leaps in genetic advancement?

A

Yes

23
Q

Can an inexperienced person with the wrong equipment practice AI?

A

No

23
Q

What does AI require?

A

Head gate and preferably good working facilities

23
Q

3 stages of parturition

A

Preparatory, delivery, and afterbirth

24
Q

How long does the preparatory stage last?

A

2-6 hours

25
Q

How long does the delivery stage last?

A

1 hour or less

26
Q

How long does the afterbirth stage last?

A

2-8 hours

27
Q

What does the delivery stage include?

A

Cow lays down, fetus enters birth canal, front feet and head protrude first, calf delivery completed

27
Q

What does the preparatory stage include?

A

Calf rotates to upright position, uterine contraction begin, water sac expelled

28
Q

What does the afterbirth stage include?

A

Caruncle-cotyledon (button) attachments relax, uterine contractions expel membranes, expulsion of placental tissues

29
Q

Normal delivery should be completed how many hours after the water sac appears in heifers? Cows?

A

2-3 hours; 2 hours

29
Q

If prolonged delivery, what happens to calf?

A

Might be born weak or dead

30
Q

Do you need good facilities to handle cases of dystocia?

A

Yes

30
Q

Calving areas should have what in cold weather?

A

Windbreaks and straw

31
Q

Calves need to be born in what areas?

A

Non-muddy

32
Q

What should be provided to calving cows when wind chill temps are below 20 degrees F

A

Windbreaks

33
Q

What to do to newborn calf?

A

Clean the airways and clean mucus from mouth area

34
Q

If calf is slow to respond…

A

Stimulate the calf by rubbing vigorously, give artificial respiration, respect cow

35
Q

If everything is normal with cow…

A

Keep away from cow and watch from a distance

36
Q

You should especially keep away from mom and watch from a distance with which females?

A

Heifers

37
Q

Colostrum does what?

A

Cow passes on her immunity to the calf

38
Q

Is the first milk vitally important for calf’s life?

A

Yes

39
Q

When should the calf consume colostrum? By what time should the calf have drank?

A

ASAP (within a few hours); 12-24 hours

40
Q

What should be done with cows that refuse to let calves nurse?

A

Restrain, milk, and give milk to calf

40
Q

For how long does colostrum give the calf immunity?

A

6 months

41
Q

At what age can a calf outrun humans?

A

One day of age

42
Q

Should do what to newborn calf?

A

Add an ear tag and record birth weight

43
Q

Is one day of age a good time to castrate?

A

Yes. The younger, the less stress

44
Q

What other farm equipment should be included in calving areas?

A

Woven wire fences

45
Q

What should a calving tool/supplies kit include?

A

Waterproof box to put supplies in, ID tags + tagger, notebook to record info, bander + bands for castration, calve sleeves & lube for difficult births

ANSC 240 (6 decks)

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