Before American Revolution Flashcards
The spirit of Adventure, Discovery and Innovation was fueled by the….
desire to benefit their country and build on it to make it better.
What Country was the first to send explorers that landed in North America?
Spain was the first country to send explorers that landed in North America.
Who was Henry the Navigator? What Country was he from? What did he establish?
Henry the Navigator was a teacher that taught the motive of seeking adventure and gaining glory. He was from Portugal and discovered that there are two hemispheres giving people motivation to be more adventurous because they wanted glory too.
What was Columbus’ reason to sail to America?
Columbus sailed to America because he wanted to find a quicker route to Asia to gain goods from there to give to the Spanish, but he landed in America instead.
What were France and England searching for originally when sailing to the New World?
The French and English were originally searching for a quicker “Northwestern” route to Asia when sailing to the new world.
God, Gold, and Glory/Religion, Adventure, and Wealth were the….
Overall goals of the Europeans
What are some things explorers faced when sailing to the New World?
They didn’t have advanced technology to find their way there easily, there was some harsh weather, and they didn’t have a large supply of food.
Who were Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro?
Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro were the Spanish explorers that conquered the Incas and the Aztecs.
Understand Columbus’ first voyage on a map.
Columbus’ ships went from Lisbon, through the Azores Islands, through the Bahamas, and landed in Cuba.
What was the French main method of making money in the Americas
They used fur trade and new trade routes to make money in the Americas.
Who defeated the Incas?
Francisco Pizarro
What was the Natural Resource Spain wanted to gain to practice mercantilism?
Spain wanted to gain raw materials so that they could make them into finished goods.
What was the Columbian exchange?
The Columbian exchange was the exchange between resources from the Americas to resources from Europe. These resources would include ideas, diseases, goods, and all kinds of other things.
Aztecs and Incas were conquered by what country? Why were they able to do it quickly?
The Aztecs and Incas were conquered by Spain. They were conquered easily because Francisco Pizarro had “advanced” technology that the Incas didn’t have and the king of the Aztecs thought that Hernan Cortes was a god so he was easily able to betray and conquer them.
What is Mercantilism? Who benefits? Why?
Mercantilism is where the Americas give raw materials to the mother country, who makes them into finished goods. The mother country benefits from Mercantilism because they can then sell the finished goods and gain money.
What is encomienda? Who had the most power? Who was hurt the most? Why?
Encomienda is the plan to convert the Native Americans to Christianity. The Spanish had the most power because they took control of the Natives and converted them by force. The Natives were hurt the most because they were taken over and forced to do labor by the Spanish.
What is the biggest cause of Native American death? How many Natives are estimated to have died?
The biggest cause of the Native American death was disease. About 90% of the Native Americans died from disease.
Who was Amerigo Vespucci? What did he prove?
Amerigo Vespucci was the first explorer to prove that America wasn’t Asia. The country was named after him.
How did the Dutch relationship with the Natives differ from Spain & France?
The Spanish and French were missionaries and tried to convert the Natives to Christianity, while the Dutch did not.
What was the Transatlantic Slave Trade? Why did it start? Where did the slaves work?
The transatlantic Slave Trade was the exchange of AFRICAN slaves over the Atlantic Ocean. It started because a lot of the Native Americans died, so the Europeans decided to trade african slaves instead to gain money. The slaves worked on PLANTATIONS.
Found of Connecticut
Thomas Hooker
Founder of Rhode Island
Roger Williams
Founder of Georgia
James Oglethorpe
Founder of Maryland
George Calvert
Mayflower Compact
The Mayflower Compact was the set of rules where people claimed the right to govern themselves. The people called for just and equal laws, and government leaders would only be adult males.
How many colony regions used agriculture? (list any region that farmed at all)
The middle and southern colonies used agriculture.
How did rivers impact trade?
The rivers impacted trade by allowing people to import and export goods from the colonies to Europe.
How did the Europeans impact the Native Population?
The Europeans impacted the Native Population because they brought their diseases and killed 90% of them. The Europeans also enslaved and killed a lot of the Natives themselves too, also decreasing their population.
What is a primary source?
A primary source is a piece of evidence from history that was existing from that point of time in history, usually records or objects.
What is mercantilism?
Mercantilism is where the Americas give raw materials to the mother country, who make them into finished products. The mother country benefits from it because they can sell the finished goods and gain money.
What was the primary motive (reason) for the founding of the Massachusetts Bay colony?
The Massachusetts Bay colony was founded by the Puritans because they wanted religious freedom and to build a good religious community in the Americas.
What was the primary motive (reason) for the founding of the Jamestown colony?
Farming tobacco to make profit.
What was the main economic industry (how they make money) in the Southern Colonies?
Farming
How did religion impact the Salem Witch Trials (think Puritans)?
Religion impacted the Salem Witch Trials because their religion, Christianity, made them think that they had to be pure and perfect to go to heaven. So when women did certain things that they didn’t normally do, people became suspicious and accused them of being witches and killed them because a part of their religion was to be pure.
How did Prince Henry the Navigator influence the age of exploration?
Prince Henry the Navigator influenced the age of exploration by giving explorers the motive to seek adventure, gain glory, and to spread religion which made people explore more.
What were the main economic industries (how they make money) of the North East?
Ship building, rivers (trade), fur trading, farming * agriculture.
What Natural Resources were abundant (did they have alot of) in the New England colonies?
Fish, wood, whales, and other animals.
Who were in the middle colonies?
New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware.
What was the trade between the colonies, Africa, and Europe called?
the Transatlantic slave trade.
Why was Pennsylvania founded?
Pennsylvania was founded because William Penn wanted more religious freedom and was trying to get more diversity in the colonies for both religion and nationalities.
The first peoples in America survived off the land by being…?
Nomadic
Magna Carta
an important medieval document that limited the right of the king to do as he wished without regard to the law. Seen as the basis of rights to equal and fair treatment under the law for all citizens. Means “big charter” in Latin.
Parliament
the legislature, or lawmaking group, in the government of the United Kingdom.
