behavior

Question 1

ethology-

Answer 1

study of behavior

Question 2

behavior-

Answer 2

anything an animal does in response to a stimulus in its environment

Question 3

3 categories of behavior

Answer 3

external information/environmental cues
internal information
combination of two

Question 4

example of external information

Answer 4

change in temp
onset of short/cold weather
threats from other animals, sounds, smells

Question 5

examples of internal information

Answer 5

hunger, hormones

Question 6

example of combination of two

Answer 6

mating behavior

Question 7

adaptive behavior-

Answer 7

contributes directly or indirectly to an individuals survival

Question 8

innate behavior-

Answer 8

inherited behavior- behavior determined by the hard wiring of the nervous system

Question 9

individuals inherit a suite of behaviors called what

Answer 9

an ethogram

Question 10

innate behaviors are-

Answer 10

1. heritable- encoded in DNA and passed from generation to generation
2. intrinsic- present in animas raised in isolation from others
3. stereotypic- preformed in the same way each time by the individual
4. inflexible- not modified by developed or experience
5. consummate- fully developed or expressed at first performance

Question 11

types of innate behavior-

Answer 11

automatic response (reflexes)
instinct

Question 12

what is an automatic response (reflexes)

Answer 12

simplest form of innate behavior, a simple automatic response that involves no conscious control

Question 13

examples of automatic response (reflexes)

Answer 13

1. blinking
2. withdrawal reflex- when you touch a hot object you move quickly and pull your hand away
3. startle reflex- jump when you head a noise

Question 14

what is flight or fight

Answer 14

When an animal is physically threatened an innate, reflex, alarm-system in the brain triggers the release of electrical impulses and a variety of hormones that tells us to either run away (flight) or stand our ground and fight.

Question 15

what happens to the body in flight or fight

Answer 15

-the body speeds up- heart rate, resp. rate, blood pressure
-tense up
-becomes generally very alert

Question 16

instinct-

Answer 16

a largely inheritable and unalterable tendency of an organism to make a complex and specific response to environmental stimuli without involving reaosn

Question 17

what happens for instinct

Answer 17

-complex patterns of innate behavior
-the entire body participates in instinctive behavior and an elaborate series of actions may be involved
-institute began when the animal recognizes a stimulus and continues until all parts of the behavior have been performed

Question 18

what’s the difference between reflex and instinct

Answer 18

reflex’s are simple and instincts are complex

Question 19

courtship behavior-

Answer 19

behavior that makes and females carry out before mating

Question 20

3 things about courtship behavior

Answer 20

a. individuals often recognize kne another by the behavior patterns performs
by. ensures that members of the same species find each other to mate

Question 21

how do they recognize eachother

Answer 21

through beavoir

Question 22

examples of courtship

Answer 22

gift giving, dances

Question 23

territorial behavior-

Answer 23

territory is the physical space that contains breeding area, feeding area, and shelter

Question 24

pheromones

Answer 24

use to mark territory like wolf urine

Question 25

aggression- behavior that is used to intimidate another animal

Answer 25

-defend their young, territory, and food

Question 26

dominance hierarchy-

Answer 26

form of social ranking (different levels of dominant/ submissive levels) within a group

Question 27

circadian rhythm-

Answer 27

referred to as our biological of internal clock- keep time at about 24 hours

Question 28

what helps with internal clock

Answer 28

day and night cycle of light temp

Question 29

what does internal clock help animals to know what to do

Answer 29

when to sleep eat and when predators might be prowling

Question 30

biological rythms caused by

Answer 30

temp changes shorter days hormones

Question 31

what’s migration

Answer 31

the instinctual seasonal movement of animals

Question 32

when do birds migrate south and north

Answer 32

south to get food in winter north to breed in summer

Question 33

how do animals navigate there ways

Answer 33

1. position of sun and stars 2. geographic cues like mountain ranges 3. earth’s magnetic field

Question 34

hibernation-

Answer 34

state in which the body undergoes physiological changes that reduce there need of entry during a period where there isn’t food available

Question 35

what’s name for light hibernation

Answer 35

torpor

Question 36

torpor

Answer 36

light hibernation

Question 37

what happens during hibernation

Answer 37

-temp drops -oxygen consumption decreases -bread ring rates decline to a few breaths per min

Question 38

whats eating vast amounts of food before entering hibernation called

Answer 38

herperphagic

Question 39

hyperphagic

Answer 39

whats eating vast amounts of food before entering hibernation called

Question 40

estivation

Answer 40

summer sleep- state of reduced metabolism

Question 41

what happens in the animals during estivation

Answer 41

animals become still and there breathing slows

Question 42

what’s the common thing for estivation and hibernation

Answer 42

decrease of energy and fiod

Question 43

metabolism-

Answer 43

the chemical processes by which a plant of animal uses food water to grow and he

Question 44

types of instinctive behavior

Answer 44

1. courtship behavior 2. territorial behavior 3. aggression 4. circadian rhythm biological rythms

Question 45

types of biological rythms

Answer 45

1. migration 2. hibernation 3. estivation