Behavioral JG Flashcards
(246 cards)
1
Q
discrete trial instruction used for acquiring new behavior in people with ______ (dz)
A
autism
2
Q
reinforcement-based tx most effective for decreasing problematic behavior in ______ (dz)
A
autism
3
Q
diagnosis of intellectual disability: IQ at or below 70, deficients in 2 or more areas of adaptive functioning, onset before age __
A
18
4
Q
mild ID (IQ 55-70) achieve what grade level academically?
A
6th grade, can self support with minimal intervention
5
Q
moderate ID (IQ 35-55) benefit from vocational and social training, can reach what grade level academically
A
2nd grade
6
Q
ID is about twice as common in (males/females)
A
males
7
Q
repetitive behaviors are considered an (associated/essential) feature of autism
A
essential
8
Q
self-injury behaviors are considered an (associated/essential) feature of autism
A
assoc
9
Q
pica: persistent eating of non-nutritive substances for at least _____ (time period), inappropriate for age level, not culturally sanctioned
A
1 month
10
Q
autism: medication use (increases/decreases) as patient ages
A
increases
11
Q
autism: complementary and alternative medical treatment use (increases/decreases) as patient ages
A
decreases (special diets, O2, facilitated communication)
12
Q
dx ADHD: need 6 features of inattention for more than 6 months before age __ OR 5 features or more after age __
A
17
13
Q
dx ADHD: several symptoms present prior to age __, symptoms in 2+ settings, symptoms interfere with functioning, not explained by another disorder
A
12
14
Q
most common ADHD presentation: (combined/predominantly inattentive/predominantly hyperactive+impulsive)
A
combined
15
Q
(ADHD/Oppositional Defiant Disorder/Conduct Disorder): tx with direct contingency management, daily report cards, token reinforcement and response cost systems, behavioral parent training, Incredible Years program
A
ADHD
16
Q
(ADHD/Oppositional Defiant Disorder/Conduct Disorder): tx with problem-solving skills training, focus on cognitive processes, parent child interaction therapy
A
ODD (authoritative parenting)
17
Q
(ADHD/Oppositional Defiant Disorder/Conduct Disorder): tx with multisystemic therapy, address at multiple levels, multidimensional treatment foster care while parents receive PMT, functional family therapy
A
CD
18
Q
(ADHD/Oppositional Defiant Disorder/Conduct Disorder): angry, argumentative, vindictive, impacts functioning
A
ODD
19
Q
ODD (mild/moderate/severe): symptoms confined to one setting
A
mild
20
Q
ODD (mild/moderate/severe): symptoms present in at least 2 settings
A
moderate. (severe=3+ settings)
21
Q
(ADHD/Oppositional Defiant Disorder/Conduct Disorder): bullies, threatens, uses weapons, cruel to animals, steals, sets fires
A
CD
22
Q
Conduct Disorder: 3+ symptoms must be displayed within the past __ months, and at least one symptom must be displayed within the past __ months
A
12 months, 6 months
23
Q
Conduct disorder: stays out at night despite parental prohibitions, truant at school starting before age __
A
13
24
Q
CD childhood onset vs adolescent onset cutoff is age __
A
10
25
to diagnose Major Depressive Disorder: need _/9 symptoms including persistent depressed mood and anhedonia
5/9
26
SMIGECAPS stands for
sleep disturbed, mood, interest reduction, guilt, energy loss, concentration impairment, appetite change, psychomotor symptoms, suicidal ideation
27
(atypical depression/pseudodementia/diurnal variation/psychomotor symptoms): more likely to have weight gain and hypersomnia, carb cravings, rejection sensitivity
atypical
28
(atypical depression/pseudodementia/diurnal variation/psychomotor symptoms): cognitive symptoms in depressed elderly often misdiagnosed as dementia
pseudodementia
29
(atypical depression/pseudodementia/diurnal variation/psychomotor symptoms): melancholic type depression, extreme anhedonia
diurnal (worse in AM)
30
(atypical depression/pseudodementia/diurnal variation/psychomotor symptoms): body aches, headaches, vegetative depression
psychomotor symptoms
31
Masked depression more likely seen in (young/old) patients, obsessive compulsive, narcissistic personalities
elderly
32
MDD: (increased/decreased) levels of DA, 5HT, NE
decreased
33
MDD: (high/low) number of receptors with low amounts of transmitter
high number of receptors
34
MDD: (hypo/hyper) active amygdala
hyperactive amygdala
35
MDD: (hypo/hyper) active dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
hypoactive DLPFC
36
MDD lifetime prevalence: (men/women) experience more
women (women also seek more tx)
37
three frontline drug groups for MDD
SSRI, SNRI, NDRI
38
use vagus nerve stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, deep brain stimulation to treat ______
MDD
39
increasing cortisol (increases/decreases) brain neurotrophic factors, making depression more likely to occur
decreases
40
after several depressive episodes, subsequent episodes are (shorter and less severe/longer and more severe)
more severe
41
which 5HT receptor impacts sleep schedules: (3/1a/7/2)
7
42
higher suicide risk: (younger/older) adults
older
43
higher suicide risk: (male/female)
male
44
higher suicide risk: (white/black) race
white
45
higher suicide risk: (Muslim/Jewish)
Jewish
46
higher suicide risk: (non-professional/professional)
professional
47
suicide risk triad components
ideation, plan, intention
48
(men/women) attempt 4x as much as (opposite)
women but men are 3x more successful
49
5HTT gene polymorphism: (little s/long s) allele is higher risk for suicide
little s is bad (long s is more resilient)
50
FDA boxed warnings indicate that antidepressants increase suicide risk for patients up to __ years old
24
51
ADHD: chromosome __ is most obvious finding
16
52
ADHD: (increased/decreased) NE, (increased/decreased) DA
decreased both
53
alpha 2 NE agonists used in tx of ADHD (2): (atomoxetine/guanfacine ER/clonidine ER), no addiction risk
guan and clonidine
54
NRI used in tx of ADHD: (atomoxetine/guanfacine ER/clonidine ER), no addiction risk
atomoxetine
55
(NE/DA) makes you focus. (NE/DA) makes you ignore everything else
NE makes you focus, DA makes you ignore everything else
56
ADHD patient with another psychiatric disorder most commonly has:
anxiety
57
reverses DA pump, pro DA: (guanfacine ER/atomoxetine/amphetamine/clonidine ER)
amphetamine
58
ADHD: (hypo/hyper) active anterior cingulates
hypoactive anterior cingulate
59
(illusion/delusion): misperception of real external stimuli
illusion
60
(illusion/delusion): false beliefs not correctable by logic or reason, not based on simple ignorance
delusion
61
sensory perceptions not generated by external stimuli
hallucinations
62
patients with schizophrenia (have/do not have) clouding of consciousness
do not (unlike delirium or substance abuse)
63
dx? 2+ of the following during a 1 month period: delusions, hallucinations, grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, disorganized speech, negative symptoms
schizophrenia
64
to dx schizophrenia, need continuous signs of disturbance persisting for at least __ months
6 months
65
schizophrenia types: (undifferentiated/paranoid/residual/disorganized/catatonic): most common type
undifferentiated
66
schizophrenia types: (undifferentiated/paranoid/residual/disorganized/catatonic): older age of onset, better functioning than other types
paranoid
67
schizophrenia types: (undifferentiated/paranoid/residual/disorganized/catatonic): at least one psychotic episode with subsequent negative symptoms
residual
68
schizophrenia types: (undifferentiated/paranoid/residual/disorganized/catatonic): onset before age 25, incoherent speech, inappropriate emotional responses
disorganized
69
schizophrenia types: (undifferentiated/paranoid/residual/disorganized/catatonic): rare since introduction of antipsychotic agents
catatonic
70
schizophrenia onset occurs earlier in (women/men)
men
71
(men/women) respond better to antipsychotic medication
women
72
schizophrenia: enlarged (hippocampus/ventricles)
ventricles, lateral and third
73
schizophrenia: decreased volume of (hippocampus/ventricles/amygdala)
hippocampus and amygdala
74
schizophrenia: (increased/decreased) DA activity in mesolimbic tract
excessive DA
75
schizophrenia: Glutamate hypothesis relies on a defective _____
NMDA receptor
76
schizophrenia tx: effective antipsychotics (upregulate/block) D2 receptors in the mesolimbic DA path
block
77
(traditional first generation antipsychotics/atypical second generation antipsychotics): block D2 receptors and 5HT2a receptors
atypicals
78
(traditional first generation antipsychotics/atypical second generation antipsychotics): high potency versions cause more side effects in the nigrostriatal path and tuberoinundibular path
first generation
79
being older at the age of onset of schizophrenia is a (poor/good) indicator for prognosis
good prognosis. as is being female, married, good employment hx, presence of mood symptoms, presence of positive symptoms
80
(generalized anxiety/panic/social anxiety/obsessive compulsive/acute stress & PTS) disorder: symptoms must be persistent (6+ months), interfere with normal functioning, cause distress
generalized anxiety
81
generalized anxiety dx requires a longer period of symptoms in (children/adults)
longer period in adults. children may be diagnosed in a shorter amount of time
82
generalized anxiety disorder: 5HT is (up/down), GABA is (up/down), NE is (up/down), glutamate is (up/down)
5HT is down, GABA is down
| NE is up, glutamate is up
83
generalized anxiety disorder dx: excessive worry occurring more days than not for 6+ months, about 1+ event, difficult to control worry, assoc with __+ (number) of: restless, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance
3+ of these symptoms must be assoc to dx GAD
84
anxiety disorders affect women more than men except for which one
OCD
85
what's the risk with giving benzodiazepines for anxiety disorders
addiction
86
why give beta blockers for anxiety disorders
for symptomatic relief of performance anxiety
87
(generalized anxiety/panic/social anxiety/obsessive compulsive/acute stress & PTS) disorder: abrupt surge of fear, peaks within minutes, that is unexpected
panic disorder
88
```
panic disorder assoc with __+ (number) of the following: Palpitations, pounding heart, or accelerated heart rate
Sweating
Shaking/trembling
Sensation of shortness of breath or smothering
Choking feeling
Chest pain/discomfort
Nausea
Dizziness, lightheadedness or fainting
Chills or heat
Paresthesias
Derealization
Fear of Losing of control
Fear of dying
```
4+ to make dx of panic disorder
89
(specific phobia/panic/social anxiety/obsessive compulsive/acute stress & PTS) disorder: 6+ months, signif impairment, marked fear about a specific object/situation, actively avoids object/situation, fear out of proportion to actual danger
specific phobia. (clowns, snakes, airplanes, snakes on a plane, bald people, doctors)
90
(generalized anxiety/panic/social anxiety/obsessive compulsive/acute stress & PTS) disorder: 6+ months, causes signif impairment, fear of acting in ways that will be negatively scrutinized, fear out of proportion to actual threat, marked fear when exposed to social situation
social anxiety disorder (performance only: fear is restricted to public speaking/performing)
91
social phobia occurrence: men (>/=/
men = women
92
(generalized anxiety/panic/social anxiety/obsessive compulsive/acute stress & PTS) disorder: use cognitive behavioral therapy
all of them
93
(generalized anxiety/panic/social anxiety/obsessive compulsive/acute stress & PTS) disorder: use systemic desensitization
panic and specific phobia
94
(generalized anxiety/panic/social anxiety/obsessive compulsive/acute stress & PTS) disorder: use flooding therapy
specific phobia
95
(generalized anxiety/panic/social anxiety/obsessive compulsive/acute stress & PTS) disorder: use assertiveness training, group therapy
social anxiety disorder
96
OCD dx: obsessions and compulsions must be EITHER: time consuming (__+hr/day) or cause clinically signif distress
1hr+
97
what is ego dystonia in the context of OCD?
unwanted thoughts/urges--obsession
98
what is a compulsion versus an obsession
the compulsion is the repetitive behavior or activity that the patient performs in response to an obsession or as a set of rules that must be strictly adhered to
99
up to 2/3 of patients with tourette's are diagnosed with: (generalized anxiety/panic/social anxiety/obsessive compulsive/acute stress & PTS) disorder
OCD
100
1/3 of (generalized anxiety/panic/social anxiety/obsessive compulsive/acute stress & PTS) disorder patients have major depressive disorder
OCD
101
most common thing to cause PTSD: (death of a loved one/assault/fracture in a car crash)
death of a loved one
102
most likely thing to cause PTSD: (death of a loved one/assault/fracture in a car crash)
assault
103
PTSD dx: exposure to actual or threatened traumatic event. symptoms must be present for at least ______ (time period).
1 month +
104
what is the intrusion symptoms with regards to PTSD
reliving the event
105
(generalized anxiety/panic/social anxiety/obsessive compulsive/acute stress) disorder: PTSD like symptoms that persist for 3 days to 1 month after exposure, sometimes a precursor to PTSD
acute stress disorder
106
when is the best time to treat anxiety disorders
at the beginning
107
1st and 2nd line pharmacotherapy for PTSD
1st--SSRIs and 2nd--TCAs (amitryptyline and imipramine), atypical antipsychotics
108
mania dx: distinct, abnormal, elevated, expansive mood must last for _____ (time period) minimum to fit diagnostic criteria
7 days
109
mania dx: at least 3 symptoms must be present for at least ____ (time period): grandiosity, decr sleep, incr speech, racing thoughts, distractibility, incr activity and energy, incr dangerous impulsivity
2 weeks
110
hypomania lasts at least _ days or more, not severe enough to cause marked impairment
4+ days
111
what is dysthymia
between normal mood and depression
112
what is euthymia
normal mood
113
(manic/major depressive/hypomanic/mixed) episode: abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable mood, plus 3 or 4 other symptoms
manic episode
114
(manic/major depressive/hypomanic/mixed) episode: depressed mood or loss of interest coupled with 3 or 4 other symptoms
major depressive episode
115
(manic/major depressive/hypomanic/mixed) episode: elevated mood in shorter duration than mania plus 3 or 4 other symptoms
hypomanic episode
116
(manic/major depressive/hypomanic/mixed) episode: mixed criteria for both a manic episode and a major depressive episode
mixed episode
117
bipolar (1/2): manic or mixed episode +/- major depressive disorder
1 (MUST HAVE MANIA)
118
bipolar (1/2): depressive and hypomanic episodes (must have hypomania)
2
119
(cyclothymia/bipolar 1/bipolar 2): 2 years hypomania with minor depressions
cyclothymia
120
bipolar 1 occurrence: women (>/=/
women = men
121
bipolar 2 occurrence: women (>/=/
women > men
122
should antidepressants be used for bipolar disorder
no, try not to use them. if you have to use, make sure a mood stabilizer is used first
123
why are atypical antipsychotics approved for treating bipolar depression
block dopamine 2 receptor to treat mania, they block 5HT2 receptors which treats depression. uniquely suited to treat both sides of bipolarity
124
bipolar disorder: psychotherapy or nah
nah, it does not work for the manic phase. medication management is critical
125
cluster (A/B/C): paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal
A--psychotic like, but not psychotic
126
cluster (A/B/C): antisocial, histrionic, narcissistic, borderline
B
127
cluster (A/B/C): avoidant, dependent, obsessive compulsive
C
128
(paranoid/schizoid/schizotypal): detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions
schizoid
129
(paranoid/schizoid/schizotypal): interpersonal deficits marked by cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior
schizotypal
130
antisocial personality disorder: disregard for and violation of the rights of others occurring since age __ and evidence of a conduct disorder with onset before that age
15
131
(antisocial/histrionic/narcissistic/borderline): excessive emotionality and attention seeking, beginning by early adulthood, such as:
Sexually seductive or provocative behavior
Self-dramatization, theatricality, exaggerated emotional expression
Is easily influenced by others
Considers relationships to be more intimate than they actually are
histrionic
132
(antisocial/histrionic/narcissistic/borderline): instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood. > 5/9 symptoms needed
borderline
133
(avoidant/obsessive compulsive/dependent): social inhibition beginning by early adulthood, feelings of inadequacy, hypersensitive to criticism or rejection
avoidant
134
Cluster B treatment: benzodiazepines (help/hurt)
may exacerbate condition--worsen symptoms through disinhibition
135
Cluster C treatment ______ is the only personality disorder for which medications (benzo and SSRI) have a large beneficial effect
avoidant
136
(obesity/anorexia) caused by drugs like anti psychotics/anti depressants that block H1 or 5HT2c receptors
obesity
137
(obesity/anorexia) caused by drugs that increase prolactin by D2 receptor blockade
obesity
138
manage (anorexia/obesity) with topiramate and zonisamide anticonvulsants
obesity
139
anorexia: refusal to maintain __% of typical weight
85%
140
anorexia: _x (number) missed menstrual cycles
3x
141
(mild/moderate/severe/extreme) anorexia: BMI more than 17
mild
142
(mild/moderate/severe/extreme) anorexia: BMI 16-16.99
moderate
143
(mild/moderate/severe/extreme) anorexia: BMI below 15
extreme
144
anorexia: metabolic (alkalosis/acidosis) and low K+
acidosis
145
(obesity/anorexia) manage with mirtazapine and olanzapine
anorexia (weight gain cocktails)
146
(anorexia/bulimia): patient has insight but cannot stop
bulimia
147
(anorexia/bulimia): greater prevalence
bulimia
148
(anorexia/bulimia): more substance abuse and personality disorder
bulimia
149
(anorexia/bulimia): low K+
anorexia
150
(anorexia/bulimia): low PO4, low Mg, high amylase
bulimia
151
(bulimia/anorexia): SSRI's are approved
bulimia--largest evidence base for treating bulimia
152
(obesity/anorexia/bulimia): manage with imipramine, desipramine, trazodone, MAOi
bulimia. imipramine and desipramine are TCAs
153
binge eating disorder: _x a week for _months
1x a week for 3 months
154
bing eating disorder: (purging and compensation/no purging or compensation)
no purges or compensations
155
(capgras/fregoli/lycanthropy/folie a deux/cotard's/krokodil/morgellons/erotomanic): patient feels someone has been replaced by an imposter
capgras
156
(capgras/fregoli/lycanthropy/folie a deux/cotard's/krokodil/morgellons/erotomanic): patient feels different people are in fact a single person in disguise
fregoli
157
(capgras/fregoli/lycanthropy/folie a deux/cotard's/krokodil/morgellons/erotomanic): delusion that one is a werewolf, often kids in their teens
lycanthropy
158
(capgras/fregoli/lycanthropy/folie a deux/cotard's/krokodil/morgellons/erotomanic): shared delusion disorder/zombiesm, symptoms of a delusion belief are transmitted from one individual to another
folie a deux
159
(capgras/fregoli/lycanthropy/folie a deux/cotard's/krokodil/morgellons/erotomanic): delusion that one is dead, does not exist, is missing organs
cotards
160
(capgras/fregoli/lycanthropy/folie a deux/cotard's/krokodil/morgellons/erotomanic): desomorphine, heroin like drug that rots flesh
Krokodil
161
(capgras/fregoli/lycanthropy/folie a deux/cotard's/krokodil/morgellons/erotomanic): delusional parasitosis, somatic delusion
morgellons
162
(capgras/fregoli/lycanthropy/folie a deux/cotard's/krokodil/morgellons/erotomanic): stalking, believes another personn is in love with him or her
erotomaniac
163
delusions: too (little/much) mesolimbic DA activity
too much (similar to schizophrenia)
164
(age assoc cognitive ∆/mild cognitive impairment/amnestic mild cognitive impairment): memory loss not meeting criteria for dementia, progresses to AD at rate of 10-15% per year, clinical diagnosis (no test)
amnestic mild cognitive impairment
165
(age assoc cognitive ∆/mild cognitive impairment/amnestic mild cognitive impairment/early onset AD/late onset AD): rare, familial, single gene mutation on 1, 14, 21 (presenilin 1 and 2, abnormal amyloid precursor protein on 21)
early onset AD
166
(age assoc cognitive ∆/mild cognitive impairment/amnestic mild cognitive impairment/early onset AD/late onset AD): chromosome 19--apolipoprotein E4 gene implicated
late onset AD, after age 60
167
(age assoc cognitive ∆/mild cognitive impairment/amnestic mild cognitive impairment/early onset AD/late onset AD): difficulty retrieving words and names, slower processing speed, difficulty sustaining attention when faced with competing stimuli
age assoc changes
168
(age assoc cognitive ∆/mild cognitive impairment/amnestic mild cognitive impairment/early onset AD/late onset AD): memory complaint corroborated by an informant, objective memory impairment for age and education, preserved general cognition
mild cognitive impairment
169
AD spares which brain lobe
occipital
170
in AD, tau is (hypo/hyper) phosphorylated
hyper phosphorylated and assemble to form paired helical filaments, which bundle together to form neurofibrillary tangles
171
(AD/frontotemporal lobar degeneration) has knife edge on gross exam
FTLD
172
early (cognitive/functional/behavioral) signs of AD: trouble keeping appointments, misplacing objects
cognitive
173
early (cognitive/functional/behavioral) signs of AD: difficulty driving, selecting clothes, problems at work
functional
174
early (cognitive/functional/behavioral) signs of AD: subtle changes in personality, social withdrawal, depression
behavioral
175
(AD/frontotemporal lobar dementia): early decline in social interpersonal conduct, loss of insight
FTLD
176
(AD/frontotemporal lobar dementia): careful use of atypical antipsychotics
FTLD
177
(AD/frontotemporal lobar dementia): use quetapine, risperdol
FTLD those are examples of atypicals
178
(AD/frontotemporal lobar dementia): use divalproex
FTLD for behavior control
179
(AD/frontotemporal lobar dementia): SSRIs for irritability, depression, impulsive behaviors
FTLD
180
(AD/frontotemporal lobar dementia): cholinergic therapy, NMDA receptor antagonists, treat symptoms
AD (AD degenerates ACh producing nucleus of Meynert)
181
(AD/frontotemporal lobar dementia): rivastigmine, galantamine
AD, inhibits AChE
182
(AD/frontotemporal lobar dementia): memantine
AD, antagonist of NMDA receptor
183
(antipsychotics/antidepressants/anxiolytics): risperidone and haloperidol
antipsychotics
184
(antipsychotics/antidepressants/anxiolytics): sertraline and venlafaxine
antidepressants
185
(antipsychotics/antidepressants/anxiolytics): buspirone and lorazepam
anxiolytics
186
(Lewy body dementia/vascular dementia/Parkinson): multi infarct dementia, typically occurs in assoc with AD, cerebral amyloid angiopathy
vascular dementia
187
(Lewy body dementia/vascular dementia/Parkinson): hypertensive small vessel disease, lacunar infarcts, leukoaraiosis, subcortical dementia
vascular dementia
188
(Lewy body dementia/vascular dementia/Parkinson): stepwise progression, most common dementia after AD
vascular
189
(Lewy body dementia/vascular dementia/Parkinson): most cases are sporadic, resting tremor, akinesia (difficulty initiating movement), shuffling gait, dopaminergic deficit
Parkinson
190
(Lewy body dementia/vascular dementia/Parkinson): pallor of substantia nigra, Lewy bodies
Parkinson
191
(Lewy body dementia/vascular dementia/Parkinson): frontal and subcortical features, such as attention deficits, fluctuations in symptoms, visual hallucinations
LBD
192
(Lewy body dementia/vascular dementia/Parkinson): avoid antipsychotics due to increased sensitivity
LBD
193
(Lewy body dementia/vascular dementia/Parkinson): onset of dementia WITHIN 12 months of parkinsonism
LBD
194
(Lewy body dementia/vascular dementia/Parkinson): onset of dementia MORE THAN 12 months after the diagnosis
Parkinson
195
Psychodynamics: psychotic defenses: (delusional projection/psychotic denial/distortion): perception of one's feelings in another person then acting on it, or opposite "the devil is devouring my heart"
delusional projection
196
Psychodynamics: psychotic defenses: (delusional projection/psychotic denial/distortion): "I am Jesus Christ"
denial--denying who he actually is
197
Psychodynamics: psychotic defenses: (delusional projection/psychotic denial/distortion): unrealistic megalomaniacal beliefs, hallucinations, delusional superiority
distortion
198
Psychodynamics: immature defenses: (projection/somatization/acting out/splitting): seeing people and events as ALL good or ALL bad, will quickly switch between the two (borderline PD)
splitting
199
Psychodynamics: immature defenses: (projection/somatization/acting out/splitting): turning an unacceptable impulse or feeling into complaints of pain or somatic illness
somatization (conversion disorder)
200
Psychodynamics: immature defenses: (projection/somatization/acting out/splitting): paranoid personality, attributing one's own unacknowledged feelings to others
projection. behavior may be eccentric but within the letter of the law
201
Psychodynamics: immature defenses: (projection/somatization/acting out/splitting): includes chronic use of drugs or self inflicted injury to relieve tension (do instead of feel)
acting out (antisocial personality)
202
Psychodynamics: neurotic defenses: (denial/displacement/dissociation/identification/intellectualization/isolation of affect/rationalization/reaction formation/regression/undoing): OCD rituals
undoing
203
Psychodynamics: neurotic defenses: (denial/displacement/dissociation/identification/intellectualization/isolation of affect/rationalization/reaction formation/regression/undoing): hating someone or something one really likes
reaction formation
204
Psychodynamics: neurotic defenses: (denial/displacement/dissociation/identification/intellectualization/isolation of affect/rationalization/reaction formation/regression/undoing): childlike behavior in times of stress (when sibling is born, medical crises)
regression
205
Psychodynamics: neurotic defenses: (denial/displacement/dissociation/identification/intellectualization/isolation of affect/rationalization/reaction formation/regression/undoing): no emotional reaction to event
isolation of affect
206
Psychodynamics: neurotic defenses: (denial/displacement/dissociation/identification/intellectualization/isolation of affect/rationalization/reaction formation/regression/undoing): stockholm syndrome
identification
207
Psychodynamics: neurotic defenses: (denial/displacement/dissociation/identification/intellectualization/isolation of affect/rationalization/reaction formation/regression/undoing): commonest defense seen in medical practice
denial
208
Psychodynamics: neurotic defenses: (denial/displacement/dissociation/identification/intellectualization/isolation of affect/rationalization/reaction formation/regression/undoing): forget event bc it's too difficult to deal with
dissociation
209
Psychodynamics: neurotic defenses: (denial/displacement/dissociation/identification/intellectualization/isolation of affect/rationalization/reaction formation/regression/undoing): road rage when angry at your boss
displacement
210
Psychodynamics: mature defenses: (altruism/sublimation/anticipation/suppression/humor): not multi tasking, looking for silver linings, stiff upper lip
suppression
211
Psychodynamics: mature defenses: (altruism/sublimation/anticipation/suppression/humor): expressing aggression through sports, artistic expression
sublimation
212
Psychodynamics: mature defenses: (altruism/sublimation/anticipation/suppression/humor): premature but realistic affective planning for death, surgery, separation
anticipation
213
Pain: treatment for inflammatory pain, something wrong with tissues
NSAIDs, opioids
214
Pain: treatment for neuropathic pain, something wrong with nerves, longer term
anticonvulsants, tricyclics, SNRIs
215
Pain: when giving opioids, what class of medication must you NOT co-prescribe
benzos
216
Pain: antiepileptic drugs: (carbamazepine/lamotrigine/gabapentin/pregabalin/topiramate): Na channel blockers (3)
carbamazepine, lamotrigine, topiramate
217
Pain: antiepileptic drugs: (carbamazepine/lamotrigine/gabapentin/pregabalin/topiramate): Ca channel blockers (2)
gabapentin, pregabalin
218
Pain: antiepileptic drugs: (carbamazepine/lamotrigine/gabapentin/pregabalin/topiramate): may cause aplastic anemia, requires blood levels, use for trigeminal neuralgia
carbamazepine
219
Pain: antiepileptic drugs: (carbamazepine/lamotrigine/gabapentin/pregabalin/topiramate): may cause weight gain, sedation, use for diabetic neuropathy
gabapentin
220
Pain: antiepileptic drugs: (carbamazepine/lamotrigine/gabapentin/pregabalin/topiramate): may cause Steven Johnson Syndrome rash, no pain approvals
lamotrigine
221
Pain: antiepileptic drugs: (carbamazepine/lamotrigine/gabapentin/pregabalin/topiramate): may cause mild addiction, weight gain, sedation. use for diabetic neuropathy, fibromyalgia
pregabalin
222
Pain: antiepileptic drugs: (carbamazepine/lamotrigine/gabapentin/pregabalin/topiramate): may cause weight LOSS, acidosis, glaucoma. use for migraines
topiramate
223
Pain: antidepressants for pain: (duloxetine/amitriptyline/milnacipran): TCA, serotonin and NE side effects, anticholinergic side effects, Na channel blockade
amitriptyline
224
Pain: antidepressants for pain: (duloxetine/amitriptyline/milnacipran): SNRI, serotonin and NE side effects (2)
duloxetine, milnacipram
225
Pain: chronic neuropathic pain due to (NE excess synaptic activity/lessening of Ca influx/glutamate excess synaptic activity)
glutamate excess synaptic activity
226
Somatoform disorders: (somatization/conversion/hypochondriasis/body dysmorphic/pain/factitious/malingering): genuine, multiple pain issues, onset before age 30, unconscious, no secondary gain
somatization
227
Somatoform disorders: (somatization/conversion/hypochondriasis/body dysmorphic/pain/factitious/malingering): one place with very distinct pain, no secondary gain, cannot be explained by medical causes
pain disorder
228
Somatoform disorders: (somatization/conversion/hypochondriasis/body dysmorphic/pain/factitious/malingering): secondary gain, wants to assume the sick role, get angry when confronted, common in medical field workers
factitious disorder (formerly Munchausen)
229
Somatoform disorders: (somatization/conversion/hypochondriasis/body dysmorphic/pain/factitious/malingering): going blind after seeing something violent, arm paralysis after shooting someone in self defense
conversion
230
Somatoform disorders: (somatization/conversion/hypochondriasis/body dysmorphic/pain/factitious/malingering): not a psychiatric illness, could be a crime, lying to get disability
malingering
231
Therapy: (interpersonal/family/behavioral/cognitive/CBT): focuses on loss/grief, role disputes, role transitions, connecting problematic early attachments to current relationships
interpersonal
232
Therapy: (interpersonal/family/behavioral/cognitive/CBT): used to treat depression, eating disorders
interpersonal
233
Therapy: (interpersonal/family/behavioral/cognitive/CBT): normalizing boundaries, redefining blame, treat children with behavior problems, teens with eating disorders or substance abuse
family
234
Therapy: (interpersonal/family/behavioral/cognitive/CBT): monitor thoughts, correct errors in logic, used to treat depression, anxiety, eating disorders
cognitive
235
Therapy: (interpersonal/family/behavioral/cognitive/CBT): emphasizes hw, direction of session activity, teaching skills
CBT
236
Therapy: (interpersonal/family/behavioral/cognitive/CBT): classical and operant conditioning, relearn associations, token economy for ADHD
behavioral
237
Therapy: most effective interval of reinforcement (fixed/variable)
variable--never know when the reward will come
238
Addiction: (alcohol/sedatives/stimulants/opiates/hallucinogens/cannabis) treat withdrawal with benzo replacement, reverse intoxication with flumazenil
sedatives
239
Addiction: (alcohol/sedatives/stimulants/opiates/hallucinogens/cannabis) treat withdrawal (seizures life threatening) with benzos (cross reactive), treat intoxication with support/ventilation
alcohol
240
Addiction: (alcohol/sedatives/stimulants/opiates/hallucinogens/cannabis) withdrawal includes fatigue, anhedonia, depression, increased sleep, increased appetite. Treat intoxication with meds to reverse specific symptoms
stimulants
241
Addiction: (alcohol/sedatives/stimulants/opiates/hallucinogens/cannabis) intoxication includes pupil constriction, red conjunctiva, panic, expansive thought
cannabis
242
Addiction: (alcohol/sedatives/stimulants/opiates/hallucinogens/cannabis) intoxication includes nystagmus, tremors, hyperreflexia
hallucinogens
243
Addiction: (alcohol/sedatives/stimulants/opiates/hallucinogens/cannabis) yawning in withdrawal, goose flesh, dilated pupils
opiates, treat with methadone
244
Smoking cessation: (nicotine patch/bupropion/varenicline): blocks reuptake of NE and DA, improves alertness, attention, motivation
bupropion
245
Smoking cessation: (nicotine patch/bupropion/varenicline): prevents withdrawal
nicotine patch, full agonist
246
Smoking cessation: (nicotine patch/bupropion/varenicline): replace a full agonist with a partial agonist, avoid most withdrawal
varenicline
