Behavioral Science

Question 1

Sensory neurons

Answer 1

that are carry sensory information back to the brain

Question 2

Afferent neurons:

Answer 2

Carry information back to the brain (in the case of sensory neurons)

Question 3

Motor neurons:

Answer 3

they carry information from the brain to the muscles

Question 4

Efferent Neurons:

Answer 4

Carry information away from the brain (in the case of motor neurons)

Question 5

Internerons:

Answer 5

are an intermediate and are found most commonly found they can also link what is called a reflex arch

Question 6

What are the three main regions of the brain?

Answer 6

1. Hindbrain
   
   2. Midbrain
   3. Forebrain

Question 7

Describe how evolution has changed and influenced the brain?

Answer 7

basic survival needs of the brain are located at the base of the skull this means that the development of higher order structures occurred and are located higher up the base of the skull or bottom of the brain is the brain stem that does are the basic functional requirements. so the forebrain the last to develop is the most complex and incluse the limbic system and emotion and memory

Question 8

What is the hypothalamus?

Answer 8

provides homeostatic function to the body and plays a important role in emotional experiences.
> helps control endocrine function
> regulate metabolism, temp and water balance

Question 9

Give an example of the hypothalamus at work in the body?

Answer 9

osmoregulators in the HT detect dehydrations so they will trigger antiduretic hormones to increaser water reabsorption and maintain fluid balance

Question 10

What is the function of the Thalamus?

Answer 10

acts a relay station for incoming sensory information and then directs where that information will go.

Question 11

What is the function of the basal ganglia?

Answer 11

coordinates muscle movement from the cortex and carries that information to the brain and spinal chord. like the extrapyramidal system that gathers information about the bodies portion and carries that to the CNS

Question 12

What is a common disease that effects the basal ganglia?

Answer 12

Parkinsons is due to the destruction of some parts of the basal ganglia
> Schizophrenia

Question 13

For the following behaviors associate the brain area with it, general emotion and memory, pleasure, agression and rage, learning and memory?

Answer 13

1. general emotion and memory = limbic system
2. Pleasure: septal nuclei
3. agression and rage: amygadal
4. learning and memory = hippocampus

Question 14

If someone is having trouble with impulse control and decision making what area of the brain do you think is effected?

Answer 14

Anterior cingulate cortex

Question 15

What is social Facilitation?

Answer 15

Describes the tendency of people to perform at a different level when others are around

Question 16

what is deindividualtion?

Answer 16

loss of self awhereness in a large group

Question 17

what is Bystander effect?

Answer 17

when in a group, individuals are less likely to respond to a person in need

Question 18

What is peer pressure?

Answer 18

the social influence placed on individuals by other they consider equals

Question 19

What is social loafing?

Answer 19

an individual does not pull his or her weight in a group setting

Question 20

what is polarization?

Answer 20

the tendency towards making decisions in a group that are more extreme

Question 21

what is groupthinking?

Answer 21

the tendency for groups to make decisions based on the ideas and solutions that arise within the group without considering outside ideas

Question 22

what is culture?

Answer 22

the beliefs, ideas, behaviors, actions and characteristics of a group or society

Question 23

what is assimilation?

Answer 23

the process by which an immigrant or minority takes up elements of mainstream culture
> type of socialization

Question 24

What is Multiculturalism?

Answer 24

the encouragement of multiple cultures within a community to enhance diversity

Question 25

what are subcultures?

Answer 25

a group of people within a culture that distinguishes themselves from the primary culture

Question 26

What is an attitude?

Answer 26

the tendency towards expression of positive or negative feelings or evaluate of something.

Question 27

What are the three components of attitude?

Answer 27

1. Affective
2. Behavioral
3. Cognitive

Question 28

what are functional attitudes theory?

Answer 28

states that these are 4 functional areas of attitudes

1. knowledge
2. Ego expression
3. Adaptability
4. Ego defense

Question 29

what is learning theory?

Answer 29

states that attitudes are developed through forms of learning, direct contact, direct interaction, direct constructing, and conditioning

Question 30

what is elaboration likelihood model?

Answer 30

attitudes are formed and changed through different routes of information processing based on degree of elaboration, central and peripheral processing

Question 31

what is social cognitive theory?

Answer 31

states that attitude are formed through watching others, personal factors and the environment