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Flashcards in Behaviour Management Deck (14)
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1
Q

What are the main basis for behaviour assessment and management?

A

-Effective communication

Understanding of:

  • Motor, cognitive, language development
  • Psychosocial development
  • Learning theories
  • Behaviour assessment scales
2
Q

What are the learning theories?

A

Classic
(classical conditioning)
-Stimulus/response
-Creates association between otherwise non-related things (e.g. needles and white coats)

Operant
-Reward/punishment reinforces and discourages certain actions

Social Learning:
-Modelling, learning by copying others (imitation and observation)

3
Q

What aspects of operant conditioning can you take advantage of?

A
  • Younger children are more susceptible to operant conditioning
  • The more consistent the enforcement, the greater the likelihood for desirable outcome
  • Praise child if they do what you ask, be inventive, consistent and age appropriate
4
Q

How can operant conditioning be misued?

A
  • Promising bigger and bigger rewards for child to behave while they are misbehaving
  • Cuddles after tantrums
5
Q

What are some useful and inappropriate enforcers?

A

Useful:

  • Motivational advice for OH practices
  • Verbal praise
  • non-verbal actions (smiles, cuddles, hi-fives)
  • Charts/calendars
  • Tangible rewars (Toys, etc.)

Inappropriate:
-Food or drink such as sweets or a botle

6
Q

Which is more effective between punishment and reward?

A

Reward

7
Q

What are some examples of modelling behavioiur?

A
  • Live model (parent, sibling)
  • Dental model
  • Peppa Pig, Playschool
8
Q

How is a child’s behaviour assessed after procedure?

A

Frankl Scale:

++Definitely positive
(Good rapport, interested & enjoyng dental procedure)

+Positive
(Accepts procedure but at times cautious)

-Negative
(Reluctant to accept procedure, some tears)

–Definitely negative
(Refusal of procedure, crying forcefully or fearful)

9
Q

What is used to assess child’s behaviour on first impression from waiting room?

A

Wright Scale

Cooperative:

  • Relaxed, minimal apprehension, enthusiastic
  • Can be treated by simple behaviour shaping approach
  • Applies to most children

Potentially cooperative:

  • Behaviour problems but has capability to perform
  • Cooperatively with appropriate behaviour modification

Lacing in cooperative ability/pre-cooperative

  • Very young
  • Special needs
10
Q

What is the max appointment time allowed in clinics?

A

2 hrs

11
Q

What are some behaviour management techniques?

A

-Pre-appointment behaviour management
(Pleasant waiting room, receptionist reassurance, books, videos, internet, etc.)

-Modelling
(Get parent to demonstrate first)

-Tell-show-do
(Pt told what will be done, shown by simulation what will happen, then procedure done at a pace pt can accept)

-Voice control
(Project sense of authority, tone of voice critical, facial expression must reflect tone)

-Distraction
(triplex used with LA, wriggling toes, suggestive imagery/imagine yourself at the beach)
(Attempt to get older children to identify and alter belief)

-Positive reinforcement
(Tangible or social reward to desired behaviour), must be instant, specific and consistent

-Systematic desensitisation
(Work through variouis levels of anxiety from least to most)

-Aversive conditioning
(Punishment, not used now)

-Behaviour shaping
(move child from potentially cooperative to cooperative via reinforcing cooperative behaviour and retracing steps if misbehaviour occurs), uses all other techniques

12
Q

What euphemisms can be used for children?

A
Magical water: LA
Wind/tickle spoon: triplex
Tooth button: clamp
Vacuum cleaner: suction
Little fingers: forceps
Germs/bugs: Plaque
Rubber raincoat: rubber dam
Coat hanger: Frame
Fire engine: ??????
Robot tooth: Stainless steel crown
13
Q

What are some ways you can give the child controL?

A
  • Signalling
  • Ask for breaks
  • Stop when child appears uncomfortable
14
Q

If you try to use tell-show-do
e.g. showing prophy on finger nail
and patient nervous (withdraws hand), what can you do?

A

Retrace step:
Try to show in a different way (e.g. on parents, etc.)
Can offer to work on front teeth first (because patients generally more comfortable with front teeth); give them mirror so they can see