Behaviourist Approach

Question 1

What is behaviorism?

Answer 1

Behaviourism is the theory that all behaviour is learnt from surroundings and the interaction with the environment. Behaviour is simply a response to an environmentally stimuli

Question 2

when did the behaviorist approach emerge and how long did it dominate

Answer 2

early 20th centaury and for half a centaury

Question 3

Who were the main behaviourists?

Answer 3

Watson, skinner and Pavlov

Question 4

What was watsons role?

Answer 4

He was one of the first to criticise Freud and Wundt and established the behaviourist approach alongside skinner

Question 5

What was Pavlov’s role?

Answer 5

Pavlov was the one who came up with classical conditioning

Question 6

what was skinners role?

Answer 6

Developing the idea of Operant Conditioning

Question 7

what is classical conditioning

Answer 7

it’s learning through association

Question 8

what is a stimulus

Answer 8

something that exists in the surroundings or that is presented

Question 9

what is a response

Answer 9

how someone/something responds to a stimulus

Question 10

what are the types of stimuli you need to know

Answer 10

unconditioned, neutral and conditioned

Question 11

what are the types of responses you need to know

Answer 11

unconditioned and conditioned

Question 12

define unconditioned stimulus

Answer 12

produces a natural response or reaction

Question 13

define neutral stimulus

Answer 13

no response produced

Question 14

define conditioned stimulus

Answer 14

an automatic response established by training to a neutral stimulus

Question 15

define unconditioned response

Answer 15

the response to an unconditioned stimulus

Question 16

define conditioned response

Answer 16

the response to a conditioned stimulus

Question 17

define acquisition

Answer 17

the part when the US and CR are presented together

Question 18

what does acquisition do

Answer 18

strengthens the likelihood of the CR

Question 19

define extinction

Answer 19

when the CR stops because the CS hasn’t been presented with the US for a while

Question 20

what does extinction do

Answer 20

it stops the thing from responding in the desirable way

Question 21

define spontaneous recovery

Answer 21

when the CS produces the CR after the behaviour has been extinct

Question 22

what is operant conditioning

Answer 22

the theory that behaviuour is learnt through consequence

Question 23

what did skinner use for his research

Answer 23

rats

Question 24

what did skinner find would affect behaviour

Answer 24

3 types of reinforcements

Question 25

what is positive reinforcement

Answer 25

when a behaviour is followed by a desirable consequence (reward), it is more likely to be repeated

Question 26

what is punishment

Answer 26

when a behaviour is followed by an unpleasnt consequence (punishment), it is less likely to be repeated

Question 27

what is negative reinforcement

Answer 27

when a behaviour is followed by the removal of an adverse consequence, it is more likely to be repeated