Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Oral Disease for FINALS > Benign neoplasms and reactive lesions > Flashcards

Benign neoplasms and reactive lesions Flashcards

1
Q

Oral diseases affecting epithelium (6)

A

Reactive: mucoceles
Infective: focal epithelial hyperplasia, verruca vulgaris, papilloma
Neoplastic: squamous cell carcinoma, salivary gland tumours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Oral diseases affecting fibrous tissue (5)

A

Congenital/ developmental: gingival fibromatosis
Inflammatory: gingival hyperplasia
Reactive: pyogenic granuloma, fibrous hyperplasia, giant cell granuloma
Neoplastic: fibroma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Oral diseases affecting blood vessels (3)

A

Congenital/ developmental: haemangioma, lymphangioma

Neoplastic: angiosarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Oral diseases affecting fat (1)

A

Neoplastic: lipoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Oral diseases affecting nerves (4)

A

Reactive: traumatic neuoma
Neoplastic: neurofibroma, neurilemmona
Idiopathic: granular cell tumour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Oral diseases affecting muscle (3)

A

Neoplastic: rabdomyoma, leiomyoma, sarcomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is an epulis? (1)

A

A gingival swelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Examples of localised epulides (5)

A 
Fibrous hyperplasia (fibro-epithelial polyp)
Pyogenic granuloma
Peripheral giant cell granuloma
Gingival cysts
Bohns nodules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Examples of generalised swellings of gingival tissue (6)

A 
Chronic hyperplastic gingivitis
Leukaemic infiltration
Endocrine related (puberty, pregnancy)
Crohn's disease
Gingival fibromatosis
Drug induced hyperplasia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Clinical features of fibrous epulis (fibrous hyperplasia) (5)

A 
Pedunculated or sessile
Same colour as normal mucosa
Firm
Painless unless traumatised
Caused by trauma: dentures, teeth orthodontic appliances
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fibrous hyperplasia: histological appearance (2)

A

Overgrowth of fibrous CT

Covered by hyperkeratinised stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Management of fibrous hyperplasia (3)

A

Excision
Remove cause
Send for histopathological examination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Features of a pyogenic granuloma (6)

  • clinical
  • who if affects
A 
Red/ blue/ purple vascular growth
Sessile or pedunculated
Rapid growth
Soft, bleeds easily
Usually <40yrs
Common in pregnancy/ puberty (pregnancy epulis)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Causes of pyogenic granuloma (2)

A

Caused by trauma e.g. plaque, calculus, denture, orthodontic appliance
In pregnancy/ puberty hormonal induced exuberant repsonse to above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pyogenic granuloma: histological appearance (2)

A

Overgrowth of very vascular granulation tissue (endothelial cells and fibroblasts)
Explains red colour seen clinically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Management of pyogenic granuloma (4)

A

Excision and remove cause
If patient is pregnant, improve oral hygiene and excise but may recur
Lesions may mature into dense fibrous tissue (fibrous epulis)
Also found at other sites in oral mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Peripheral giant cell granuloma features (6)

A

Soft red/ blue sessile or pedunculated swelling
Usually anterior teeth, mandible > maxilla
Average <40yrs
Similar to pyogenic granuloma clinically
May cause superficial bone resorption
Only found on gingiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Peripheral giant cell granuloma (5)

A

Vascular fibrous tissue
Numerous multinucleate giant cells
Haemorrhage
Histological diagnosis: giant cell lesion
-same as those arising in bone histologically e.g. central giant cell granuloma and hyperparathyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Management of peripheral giant cell granuloma (3)

A

Determine whether lesions has arisen on gingiva or within bone and burst through cortical plate - rads
If arisen in bone differential diagnosis includes central giant cell granuloma and hyperparathyroidism
Excision
-curettage of underlying bone to prevent recurrence
-send for histopathological examination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Differential diagnosis of epulides (4)

A

Firm, mucosa coloured: fibrous epulis
Soft, red, red/ blue: pyogenic granuloma, giant cell granuloma
Pregnant/ puberty more likely pyogenic granuloma
Definitive diagnosis by excisional biopsy
EXCLUDE ABSCESS from tooth or gum: red/ yellow/ soft/ fluctuant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Hereditary generalised gingival swellings (1)

A

Gingival fibromatosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Inflammatory generalised gingival swellings (1)

A

Chronic hyperplastic gingivitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Hormonal generalised gingival swellings (1)

A

Endocrine related (puberty, pregnancy)

24
Q

Diet related generalised gingival swellings (1)

A

Scurvy

25
Q

Drug related generalised gingival swellings (1)

A

Drug induced hyperplasia

26
Q

Neoplastic generalised gingival swellings (2)

A

Leukaemic infiltration

Wegner’s granulomatosis

27
Q

generalised gingival swellings associated with GI tract disease (1)

A

Crohn’s disease

28
Q

Gingival fibromatosis features (5)

A 
Hereditary (AD)
Lifelong
Pale pink, firm overgrowth
May cover and submerge teeth
May regrow after removal
29
Q

Features of chronic hyperplastic gingivitis (2)

A

Associated with poor OH

Erythematous gingivae, bleed on probing

30
Q

Hormonal related gingival hyperplasia features (3)

A

Puberty and pregnancy
Exuberant response to plaque
Red, erythematous, bleeds easily on probing

31
Q

Diet related: gingival hyperplasia in scurvy - features (5)

A 
Diet poor in vit C
Failure to synthesise collagen
Loss of teeth
Inflammatory type hyperplasia
Very rare in UK
32
Q

Neoplastic: gingival hyperplasia associated with leukaemia - features (5)

A 
Red, swollen gingivae
May exude pus
Ulceration
Response in excess of amount of plaque
May be associated with petechial haemorrhages, tiredness
33
Q

Drug induced gingival hyperplasia associated with which drugs (3)

A

Cyclosporin (immunosuppressant)
Nifedipine (antihypertensive)
Phenytoin (anticonvulsant)

34
Q

Drug induced gingival hyperplasia features (3)

A

Gingivae pale
Lobulated surface
Little inflammation

35
Q

Drug induced gingival hyperplasia - histology (3)

A

Dense fibrous tissue
Little inflammation
Long epithelial rete redges

36
Q

Management of drug induced gingival hyperplasia (3)

A

Surgical reduction
Improve OH
Change drug regime if possible

37
Q

Features of Crohn’s related gingival hyperplasia (4)

A

Labial swelling
Apthous ulcers
Mucosal tags
Cobblestoning in GI tract

38
Q

Differential diagnosis of generalised gingival hyperplasia (3)

A

Pale, un-inflamed gingivae: gingival fibromatosis or drug induced. Distinguish on duration and drug history

Red, inflamed gingivae: inflammatory hyperplasia or hormonal induced. Distinguish by history

Red, inflamed, pus, ulceration: leukaemia. Further investigations

39
Q

Squamous cell papilloma features (4)

A

Benign neoplasm HPV driven
White cauliflower like growth
Pedunculated or sessile
Common on palate

40
Q

Squamous cell papilloma - histology (3)

A

Overgrowth of epithelium which is hyperkeratinised - hence white colour
Surface thrown into fronds
Vascular connective tissue core

41
Q

Management of squamous cell papilloma (1)

A

Excision with a margin

42
Q

Features of Heck’s disease (5)

A 
Multiple papillomas
Caused by HPV 13+32
Multiple flat viral warts
May resolve spontaneously/ excise
Inuit/ central America
43
Q

Fibrous hyperplasia - fibro-epithelial polyp - features (3)

A

Continued trauma
Common on cheeks, tongue, lip
Mucosal colours, firm nodule

44
Q

Fibrous hyperplasia - fibro-epithelial polyp - histology (2)

A

Overgrowth of mature fibrous tissue

Stratified squamous epithelium

45
Q

Pyogenic granuloma features (4)

A

Caused by trauma
Red/ red-white
Overgrowth of vascular granulation tissue
Usually ulcerated

46
Q

Traumatic neuroma features (4)

A

Haphazard overgrowth of nerve fibres
Usually caused by trauma
Mental foramen region
Frequently painful

47
Q

Features of lipoma (5)

A 
Benign neoplasm
Composed of fat
Yellow/ pink
Smooth surface
Common on cheek and tongue
48
Q

Management of lipoma (1)

A

Excision

49
Q

Haemangioma features (6)

A 
Hamartoma
Choristoma
Excess BVs
Blue/ blue-purple colour
Localised or diffuse
May bleed excessively
50
Q

Sturge-Weber syndrome characteristic features (4)

A 
Port wine stain
Varying degrees of mental retardation
Seizures
Glaucoma
*present from birth (congenital)*
51
Q

What is a lymphangioma (3)

A

Similar to haemangioma but an overgrowth of lymphatic vessels
Paler colour clinically
Cystic hygroma

52
Q

What is a neural tumour (neurofibroma or neurilemmona) (4)

A

More deep seated
Relatively rare
Firm
Mucosal coloured

53
Q

What is a granular cell tumour (2)

A

Common on tongue

Neural origin?

54
Q

What is a congenital epulis? (2)

A

Similar to granular cell tumour histologically but occurs in neonates

55
Q

Differential diagnosis of mucosal swellings (6)

A

Cauliflower-like and white- squamous cell papilloma

Smooth, mucosal coloured, related to denture, or other source of trauma- fibrous hyperplasia.

Smooth, yellow- lipoma

Red/red-white, related to trauma -pyogenic granuloma

Red/blue- haemangioma, mucocoele

Deep seated/ normal mucosa- neuroma, neural tumour, salivary gland tumour

Oral Disease for FINALS (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions