Benign Skin Neoplasms

Question 1

Name two vascular tumors.

Answer 1

Cherry angioma and hemangioma

Question 2

Are cherry angiomas associated with any other diseases?

Answer 2

No

Question 3

What is the most common soft tissue tumor of infancy?

Answer 3

Hemangioma

Question 4

What can hemangiomas around the eye cause?

Answer 4

Astigmatism

Question 5

What is one concern of ulcerated hemangiomas?

Answer 5

Infection

Question 6

What is associated with multiple diffuse hemangiomas?

Answer 6

Visceral hemangiomas

Question 7

What is an example of a vascular malformation?

Answer 7

Port wine stain

Question 8

Port wine stains may be associated with systemic abnormalities. What is one such abnormality?

Answer 8

Sturge Weber syndrome (SWS) associated with capillary malformations, glaucoma, developmental delay

Question 9

Do port wine stains progress?

Answer 9

Yes they get worst with time so treat with vascular laser

Question 10

What are two disorders associated with sebaceous glands?

Answer 10

1. Sebaceous hyperplasia

2, Nevus sebaceous

Question 11

Where are lesions cause by nevus sebaceous found?

Answer 11

Face or scalp (associated with alopecia). They appear as yellow-orange plaques

Question 12

What causes nevus sebaceous?

Answer 12

Somatic mutations in HRAS & KRAS

Question 13

What are two complications of nevus sebaceous?

Answer 13

1. Epidermal Nevus Syndrome

2. Epithelial Neoplasm

Question 14

What is the treatment of nevus sebaceous?

Answer 14

Observation or excision

Question 15

What is a sebaceous hyperplasia?

Answer 15

Common benign tumor of the oil gland. Doesn’t usually need to be treated

Question 16

What are acrochordons and how are they treated?

Answer 16

Skin tags. Usually no treatment necessary

Question 17

What are lipomas?

Answer 17

Benign tumors of adipocytes usually don’t require treatment.

Question 18

What are dermatofibromas?

Answer 18

benign firm brown papules found primarily on the legs. No treatment needed

Question 19

An early Keloid scar is made up of primarily what type of collagen? Late?

Answer 19

Type III, Type I

Question 20

Do Keloid scars grow beyond the original injury?

Answer 20

Yes. So they can be treated with surgery

Question 21

What is a benign tumor of the hair follicle called?

Answer 21

Seborrheic keratosis

Question 22

What is Sign of Leser-Trelat?

Answer 22

Sudden onset of multiple seborrheic keratoses associated with adenocarcinoma of the stomach in 60% of cases

Question 23

Where are most intradermal nevi located on the body?

Answer 23

Head and Neck

Question 24

Where are most junctional nevi located on the body?

Answer 24

Plantar and palmar surfaces

Question 25

Where are most compound nevi found on the body?

Answer 25

Trunk and proximal extremities

Question 26

What is the treatment for most nevi?

Answer 26

Nothing unless it looks atypical.

Question 27

Define blue nevus.

Answer 27

Dermal proliferation of melanocytes that produce and abundance of melanin. No treatment needed

Question 28

What optical effect leads to longer wavelengths being absorbed while shorter wavelengths are reflected?

Answer 28

Tyndall effect

Question 29

Are congenital nevi usually smaller or larger than acquired?

Answer 29

Larger

Question 30

What is one great concern about congenital nevi?

Answer 30

MM

Question 31

What are dysplastic nevi?

Answer 31

A subgroup of nevi which have an irregular outline, variable pigmentation, indistinct borders, and can be larger than 6mm. At risk for MM

Question 32

Name three criteria of FAMM syndrome.

Answer 32

1. MM in 1 or more first or second degree relatives 2. Presence of numerous melanocytic nevi 3. Certain histologic features

Question 33

What three germline mutations have been linked to FAMM?

Answer 33

CDK2NA mapped to 9p21 CDK4 mapped to 12q14 CMM1 mapped to 1p

Question 34

What is the inheritance of neurofibromatosis?

Answer 34

Autosomal Dominant, but 50% of cases due to spontaneous mutation.