Beta-Lactam Antibacterial Agents (week 6)

Question 1

What are the 4 Beta-Lactam Antibacterial Agents?

Answer 1

Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactams

Question 2

If someone is anaphylactic, what drug do you not give?

Answer 2

Beta-Lactum Antibacterial Agents

Question 3

What is Penicillin (Ampicillin) used for?

Answer 3

Gram-positive bacteria

Question 4

What are the adverse effects from Pencillin (Ampicillin)?

Answer 4

Diarrhea
Rash
Urticaria

Allergic reaction
C.Diff

Question 5

What are some baseline info you want to know before administering Penicillin (Ampicillin)?

Answer 5

Cultures

PMH of allergic reaction to other Beta Lactams (Anaphylactic reactions)
History of Mono

Question 6

How should you administer Penicillin (Ampicillin)?

Answer 6

Oral, 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals

Question 7

What do you want to evaluate for after administering Penicillin (Ampicillin)?

Answer 7

Kidney Function

Question 8

What are the Beta-lactamase Inhibitors?

Answer 8

Clavulanate
Sulbactam
Tazobactam

Question 9

What Generation is Cefazolin (Ancef)?

Answer 9

1st gen Cephalosporin

Question 10

What is the use of Cefazolin (Ancef)?

Answer 10

Gram-positive coverage

Given Pre-op Prophylaxis

Question 11

How is Cefazolin (Ancef) Given?

Answer 11

IM, IV

Question 12

Where is Cefazolin (Ancef) metabolized?

Answer 12

Not the liver

Question 13

What are some serious side affects of Cefazolin (Ancef)?

Answer 13

Leukpenia
Neutropenia
Thrombocytopenia

Question 14

What are some baseline info you want to know before administering Cefazolin (Ancef)?

Answer 14

Culture samples
Drug class includes 5 subgroups 

PMH os severe allergic reaction to other Beta Lactams

Question 15

How id Cefazolin (Ancef) administered?

Answer 15

Orally with meals
IM
IV Piggyback

Question 16

Name a Carbapenem

Answer 16

Imipenem-cilastatin (Primaxin)

Question 17

What is Imipenem-Cilastatin (Primaxin) used for?

Answer 17

Has an extremely broad spectrum

Question 18

How is Imipenem-Cilastatin (Primaxin) administered?

Answer 18

IM

IV

Question 19

What are the common adverse effects of Imipenem-Cilastatin (Primaxin)?

Answer 19

Diarrhea
Nausea
Vomiting
Rash

Question 20

What are some serious side effects o fImipenem-Cilastatin (Primaxin)?

Answer 20

CNS depression

Seizures

Question 21

What are some contraindications for Imipenem-Cilastatin (Primaxin)?

Answer 21

Cephalosporins (Cefazolin)

Question 22

What does Imipenem-Cilastatin (Primaxin) interact with?

Answer 22

Probenecid
Cyclosporine
VALPORIC ACID!

Question 23

Name a Glycopeptide

Answer 23

Vancomycin

Question 24

What is Vancomycin used for?

Answer 24

Gram positive bacteria
C. Diff
MRSA

Question 25

How is Vancomycin administered?

Answer 25

``` IV piggyback (slowly) PO ```

Question 26

What are some common adverse effects for vancomycin?

Answer 26

Thrombophlebitis

Question 27

What are some serious adverse effects for vancomycin?

Answer 27

Renal Failure | Ototoxicity

Question 28

What are some baseline info you want to know before administering Vancomycin?

Answer 28

Check serum trough levels | PMH of renal impairment or previous hearing loss

Question 29

Name a monbactam

Answer 29

Aztreanam (Azactam)

Question 30

What is Aztreanam (Azactam) used for?

Answer 30

Serious gram-negative infections

Question 31

How is Aztreanam (Azactam) given?

Answer 31

IM IV Inhalin

Question 32

What are some adverse effects of Aztreanam (Azactam)?

Answer 32

Upper airway imitation Chest discomfort Cough/Wheezing Seizures Anaphylaxis