BIG TEST YOU DIDNT STUDY FOR

Question 1

what makes the structure of carbon well suited to form macromolecules

Answer 1

Carbon contains 4 valence electrons available to form covalent bonds with other carbons

Question 2

“Mono”

Answer 2

One

Question 3

“Poly”

Answer 3

Many

Question 4

Smallest unit of a macromolecule

Answer 4

Monomer

Question 5

Name of the process that assembles monomers to make a macromolecule

Answer 5

Polymerization

Question 6

Chemical symbols of the different elements which are found in carbohydrates

Answer 6

C-carbon
H-hydrogen
O-oxygen

Question 7

What is a monomer of carbohydrates

Answer 7

Monosaccharide

Question 8

General shape of a glucose molecule

Answer 8

Hexagon

Question 9

How many bonds does carbon form in glucose

Answer 9

Single

Question 10

Write the chemical formula for glucose

Answer 10

C6H12O6

Question 11

Name two functions of carbohydrates in living organisms

Answer 11

Quick energy

Starch/cellulose—-structural purposes

Question 12

Name the chemical symbols of the different types of elements which are found in lipids

Answer 12

H-hydrogen
C-carbon
O-oxygen

Question 13

How many bonds can carbon form in a lipid

Answer 13

Single or double bonds

Question 14

What is the name given to the COOH group at the end of each fatty acid

Answer 14

Carboxyl group

Question 15

What are the uses of the carboxyl group?

Answer 15

Stored energy

Makes up the cell membrane (NOT THE WALL)

Question 16

How can you tell a carbohydrate from a fatty acid

Answer 16

Carbohydrates have no carboxyl group (COOH)
Carbohydrates form in rings
Lipids form in chains

Question 17

What are the functions of lipids in living organisms

Answer 17

Fats, oils, waxes, hormones, pigments, mucous, stored energy, insulation, cell membrane

Question 18

Single bonds between neighboring carbons in the hydrocarbon chain are called

Answer 18

Saturated

Question 19

Hydrocarbon chain with a double bond in a fatty acid is said to be

Answer 19

Unsaturated

Question 20

What’s the difference between monounsaturated and polyunsaturated

Answer 20

One double bond in a fatty acid-monosaturated

Multiple double bonds-polyunsaturated

Question 21

Name the polar and the nonpolar part of a phospholipid

Answer 21

Head is polar because it is hydrophobic

Tails are nonpolar

Question 22

Name the different chemical symbols of the different chemical elements found in proteins

Answer 22

H-hydrogen

O-oxygen

Question 23

What is a monomer of protein

Answer 23

Amino acid

Question 24

Name the 4 basic parts of an amino acid

Answer 24

Carboxyl group
Amino group NH2
Hydrogen atom
Side chain “R”

Question 25

What types of bonds hold amino acids together

Answer 25

Peptide bond

Question 26

Name that reaction: two amino acids bond and a molecule of water is made

Answer 26

Dehydration synthesis

Question 27

What does the "R" group in a protein molecule stand for and what is its function

Answer 27

R-amino acid | Because of structure, it determines the function

Question 28

What are the functions of proteins in living organisms

Answer 28

Main thing that makes up DNA Growth and repair, build of cells Speed up chemical reactions Biological catezymes AKA enzymes

Question 29

What distinguishes the function of proteins from the function of carbohydrates

Answer 29

The polypeptide bond in the structure

Question 30

List the chemical symbols of the different elements in nucleic acid

Answer 30

CHONP

Question 31

What is the shape of the carbon ring found in nucleic acid

Answer 31

Pentagon

Question 32

What is the element found in nucleic acid that is not present in any of the other macromolecules

Answer 32

Phosphorus

Question 33

What is the monomer of nucleic acid

Answer 33

Nucleotides

Question 34

Two types of nucleic acid

Answer 34

DNA/RNA

Question 35

What are the names of the nitrogenous bases in RNA

Answer 35

Adenine-uracil | Guanine-cytosine

Question 36

How do the nitrogenous bases pair up in DNA

Answer 36

Guanine-cytosine | Adenine-thytamine

Question 37

What information does DNA contain

Answer 37

Genetic codes and functions | Heredity