Bio Set 2 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Chemistry
The study of the properties of a substance and its composition, as well as the changes that substances can undergo
What are the two major branches of chemistry?
Organic and inorganic
Organic chemistry
Study of organic compounds, compounds that contain carbon (only works if it contains carbon)
Give three examples of organic compounds
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acid
Protiens
Inorganic Chemistry
The rest of chemistry, or the study of all compounds that do not contain carbon (oxides of carbon and carbonates non-living material)
Give two examples of inorganic compounds
Water, carbon dioxide
Biochemistry
Branch of science concerned with the chemical processes within and related to living organisms, the study of the chemicals of living things and the changes that those chemicals undergo in order to maintain life, it is the chemistry of life!
Food is _____________!
Chemical energy
Matter
Anything that has weight and takes up space
Atom
Basic unit of matter
Atoms are made of subatomic particles called what?
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Mass
Measure of he number atoms in an object, it is the quantity of matter in a given object, measure made by calculating its numerical data, quantitative measure of inertia
Element
Pure substance that is made out of one type of atom
Isotope
Atoms of an element can have different numbers of neutrons
Isotopes are identified by their what?
Mass number
Mass Number
protons+neutrons=mass number
Compound
A substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions
Atoms in compounds are held together by _____________________.
Various types of bonds
Covalent bonds form when?
One or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another
Ionic bonds form when?
Atoms share two electrons, it is called a single covalent bond, sometimes atoms can share 4 electrons then it is double the covalent bond
Molecule
When atoms join together by covalent bonds, they form a molecule. The molecule is he smallest union of most compounds. When atoms of the same element join together, they also form a molecule
Can Der Waal Forces
Because if their structure, atoms of different elements do not all have the same ability to attract electrons. Some atoms have a strong attraction for electrons than do other atoms
Hydrogen Bond
Not as strong as Ionic or Covalent bonding. This takes place between water molecules and it is the attraction between the Hydrogen atom on one water molecule to the oxygen atom on another water molecule. (get into this more a little later)
