bimestral

Question 1

What is scientific psychology?

Answer 1

The study of behavior and mental processes. It uses empirical evidence, falsification and replication.

Question 2

Behavior

Answer 2

Everything that can be registered by an independent observer. Its in the conscious mind (actions, gestures, facial expressions, verbal responses)

Question 3

Mental processes

Answer 3

Unconscious mind, “Behind the scenes” (memory, attention, perception)

Question 4

Artifacts

Answer 4

Results associated with the effect of unforeseen factors

Question 5

Quantitative research

Answer 5

Numerically expressed laws that characterize behavior of groups of individuals (How many?)

Question 6

Qualitative

Answer 6

In-depth study of a particular phenomenon (interviews, observations and case studies) Who? Why?

Question 7

Correlation

Answer 7

Measures the relationship between 2 variables to identify patterns without implying that one causes the other

Question 8

Causation

Answer 8

Studies how the change in one variable directly causes a change in another

Question 9

Sample

Answer 9

Group of individuals taking part in the research study

Question 10

Sampling

Answer 10

The process of finding and recruiting for the study

Question 11

Credibility

Answer 11

Degree in which the results of the study can be trusted to reflect the reality

Question 12

Generalizability

Answer 12

Extent to which the results of the study can be applied beyond the sample (population)

Question 13

Confounding variables

Answer 13

Variables that can be potentially distort the relationship between the IV and the DV

Question 14

Construct

Answer 14

Abstract variable that can be operationalized

Question 15

Target population

Answer 15

Group of people to which the findings of the study are expected to be generalized

Question 16

Random sampling

Answer 16

Every member of the population has an equal chance of becoming part of the sample (most representative)

Question 17

Stratified sampling

Answer 17

Decide the essential characteristics the sample has to reflect, study the distribution of these in the target population. Sample should have the same proportions.

Question 18

Convenience sampling

Answer 18

Recruit participants that are more easily available (least representative)

Question 19

Self selecting sampling

Answer 19

Recruiting volunteers

Question 20

Experimental designs

Answer 20

Organization of groups and conditions of an experiment

Question 21

Independent measures design

Answer 21

Applying the IV to group a and comparing it with group b (control)

Question 22

Random allocation

Answer 22

method used to select members of a sample to receive the treatment in an experiment.

Question 23

Matched pairs design

Answer 23

participants are matched based on key variables, or shared characteristics, relevant to the topic of the study

Question 24

Repeated measures design

Answer 24

Use the same group of participants exposed to conditions. Focus on the conditions rather than the individuals

Question 25

Construct validity

Answer 25

how well a test or tool measures the construct that it was designed to measure

Question 26

Internal validity

Answer 26

examines whether the study design, conduct, and analysis answer the research questions without bias.

Question 27

External validity

Answer 27

extent to which your results can be generalized to other contexts (population and ecological)

Question 28

Bias

Answer 28

Confounding factors that may influence the cause-effect relationship between the IV and the DV, decreasing internal validity.

Question 29

quasi experiments

Answer 29

Allocation into groups is not done randomly. Pre-existing inter-group difference is used

Question 30

Limitation in quasiexperiments

Answer 30

cause and effect inferences cannot be made

Question 31

Field experiments

Answer 31

conducted in a real life setting. The researcher manipulates the IV (many variables can't be controlled bc participants are in their natural setting)

Question 32

Correlation studies

Answer 32

No variable is manipulated so causation cannot be inferred. The relation between the variables is mathematically quantified

Question 33

Positive correlation

Answer 33

If one variable increases the other one also does.

Question 34

Negative correlation

Answer 34

If one variable increases the other decreases

Question 35

Strong correlation

Answer 35

Steeper line in the graph