Bio 10 lab exam 3 Flashcards
(110 cards)
1
Q
What type of symmetry do sponges exhibit?
A
None
2
Q
What is the job of collar cells in a sponge?
A
They bring water and nutrients into a sponge and expel waste and carbon dioxide from the sponge
3
Q
What level of organization do cnidarians have?
A
Tissue
4
Q
Although a (reef) coral is an animal, it only lives in relatively shallow water where there is light. Why is this?
A
It has a mutualistic relationship with photosynthetic algae
5
Q
What type of symmetry is found among flatworms?
A
Bilateral
6
Q
What type of digestive system do flatworms possess?
A
Incomplete
7
Q
What do all mollusks have in common?
A
A muscular foot and mantle
8
Q
What type of digestive system do mollusks possess?
A
Complete
9
Q
What level of organization do annelids have?
A
Organ system
10
Q
What are the distinguishing characteristics of annelids?
A
Segmentation and a distinct head and tail
11
Q
Which arthropod class is the most successful on earth?
A
Insects
12
Q
Since arthropods have external skeletons, how do they grow larger throughout their lifetime?
A
They molt
13
Q
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the phylum Chordata?
A
Notochord and centralized nerve chord along the dorsal part of the body
14
Q
Which well-developed set of teeth would allow you to distinguish the skull of a small deer from a beaver?
A
The deer would have well developed molars for grinding its food; The beaver would have well-developed incisors for gnawing its food
15
Q
Why are Protozoans sometimes referred to a “animal-like” protists?
A
Because they are motile and heterotrophic
16
Q
What are two uses of cilia?
A
Feeding and movement
17
Q
In what environments are ciliates found?
A
Aquatic
18
Q
What is a mixotroph?
A
An organism that uses energy from the sun to take up nutrients and grow but also kills and eats other plankton
19
Q
Where are Euglena commonly found?
A
Nutrient-rich/polluted waters
20
Q
How do amoeboids ingest their food?
A
Through phagocytosis
21
Q
What are some risks to human health that amoeboids pose?
A
Dysentry and encephalitis
22
Q
In what habitat are dinoflagellates found?
A
Freshwater and marine
23
Q
What is a “red tide”?
A
An “algal bloom” caused by a population explosion of dinoflagellates
24
Q
What are the cell walls of diatoms made of?
A
Silica (glass)
25
What is the advantage of the red pigment found in red algae?
It allows them to absorb blue light
26
What organism eats kelp, and if left unchecked can destroy kelp forests?
Sea Urchins
27
Which part of the fungus obtains nutrients?
hyphae
28
The bulk of a fungus is made up of fine filaments. What is the name for these fine filaments?
hyphae
29
Which of the following is the function of hyphae?
-absorption of nutrients
-excretion of digestive enzymes
-grow to new food areas
30
What is the benefit to a plant of forming mycorrhizas?
symbiotic relationship
31
Which is an ecological role of fungi?
decomposer
32
A fungi that produces eight spores in an ascus are called
sac fungi
33
What does the algae contribute to the relationship in a lichen?
carbohydrates
34
What is the name for an organism that is the mutualistic association between an algae and a fungus?
lichen
35
How do hyphae obtain nutrients?
they release digestive enzymes into food and absorb the digested products
36
The bulk of a fungus is made up of fine filaments. What is the name for a mass of fungal filaments?
mycelium
37
What is the method that fungi use to spread to new areas?
disperse with spores.
38
How does the FUNGUS benefit by forming mycorrhizas?
obtains sugars from the plant
39
Name the structure on which spores grow (be specific). They grow on a _______.
Basidium
40
How do mosses and liverworts disperse?
spores
41
What specialized tissue found in ferns (compared to mosses and liverworts) represents increasing independence from an aquatic habitat?
Vascular tissue
42
What specialized tissues allow conifers to live in a terrestrial habitat?
vascular tissue
43
Flowering plants represent an evolutionary advancement over conifers. What advantage do colorful flowers have over cones that ensure reproductive success? ___ ___ ___
attract animal pollinators
44
List the letter of all the plant(s) that lack vascular tissue?
A. moss
B. liverwort
C. fern
D. conifer
E. flowering plant
A B
45
The two primary functions of root hairs are to _____ _____ and ______.
absorb water minerals
46
What are the long-thin structures arising from the root?
Root hairs
47
When the cells indicated as "B" are filled with ______, then the space between them will open.
water
48
Where do the nutrients come from that the embryo uses until it starts photosynthesizing?
cotyledons
49
List the letter(s) that represent a plant part that is the product of a fertilized ovary (not the seeds inside the ovary).
A. sweet potato
B. chamomile
C. tea
D. cigar
E. coffee "beans"
F. sunflower without shell
G. cucumber
H. artichoke
G
50
List the letter(s) that represent an example of a structure that came from the bark of a stem.
A. carrot
B. chamomile
C. tea
D. cigar
E. coffee "beans"
F. sunflower with shell
G. cucumber
H. cork
H
51
What must happen for fertilization to occur in mosses and liverworts?
sperm swim to egg
52
Do ferns have secondary growth (wood)?
No
53
What structure associated with flowering plants is an advanced feature that makes sure the dispersal of seeds?
fruit
54
List the letter of all the examples that reproduce with seeds?
A. moss
B. liverwort
C. fern
D. conifer
E. flowering plant
D E
55
The embryonic leaves are found with?
the first true leaves
56
The main molecules, in addition to water, absorbed by the root are ____________ (use a general term)?
minerals
57
What part of the root is responsible for storage?
cortex
58
Give the name of the clusters of cells that form a ring around this plant (see oval).
vascular bundle
59
Specifically, what part of the flower develops into the fruit?
ovary
60
Which part of a flower develops into the seed? (Be specific.)
ovule
61
An organism that can only be divided in one way and result in an approximately equal looking halves has
bilateral symmetry
62
What type of body plan (symmetry) is generally best suited for animals that actively hunt for prey rather than passively wait for food?
bilateral symmetry
63
What type of body plan (symmetry) is generally best suited for animals that passively wait for prey rather than actively hunt?
radial symmetry
64
Which of the following has radial symmetry? List all the letters that apply.
A. coral
B. dragonfly
C. sponge
D. clam
E. Planaria
A
65
Which class of arthropods is considered the most successful?
insects
66
Give the letter(s) of the examples(s) that are members of the CLASS of Arthropods that is considered the most successful? List all the letters that apply.
A. Crawdad
B. Butterfly
C. Spider
D. Crab
E. Mealworms
B E
67
Even though a sponge can be quite large, none of them can eat anything larger than a single cell because
they must digest food inside their cells
68
Why do we say that the sponge has a cellular level of organization?
their cells have specialized functions, but don't form tissues
69
Which animals do use stinging cells to capture prey?
• jellyfish
• coral
• anemone
70
What type of digestive system is found in a Hydra?
incomplete digestive system
71
What structure does a flatworm use to feed?
pharynx
72
Which of these organisms has an incomplete digestive system? List all the letters that apply.
A. Coral
B. Planaria
C. sea anemone
D. Gull
E. Sponge
A B C
73
Does digestion in humans and fish occur primarily within cells (intracellular) or outside of the cells (extracellular)?
extracellular
74
Based on the skulls seen in lab, which of these organisms has the most well-developed characteristic of an omnivore (give the letter)?
Monkey
75
The molars on a carnivore are
designed for shearing flesh
76
Which of these organisms uses the surface of their body for gas exchange?
flatworms
77
The gas exchange structures that aquatic insects have are _____.
Gills
78
Which shape would work BEST for an organism that uses its body surface for gas exchange?
flattened (a few layers thick)
79
What type of circulatory system does a gastropod have?
open circulatory system
80
What kind of circulatory system do you have?
closed circulatory system
81
Mussels and clams are mollusks in the class bivalve. They are primarily sessile suspension feeders. Based on their lifestyle, what kind of circulatory system do you think they have?
open circulatory system
82
Which of these organisms have an endoskeleton?
human
83
In organisms with an exoskeleton, the hard parts that muscles contract against are
hard coverings on the outside
84
For muscles to work they must pull on or push against ____ when they contract.
hard parts
85
What will happen to coral if the zooxanthelle die?
they will die
86
Why do birds, bats, frogs and cats all have the same pattern of bones in their front limbs?
they inherited the pattern from their common ancestor
87
Why are the front limbs of birds, bats, frogs and cats different?
they are adapted for different functions
88
Which of the following has bilateral symmetry? List all the letters that apply.
A. coral
B. dragonfly
C. sponge
D. clam
E. Planaria
B D E
89
One reason for the success of arthropods is that they can change forms and occupy different niches during their lifetime. This form change is called
metamorphosis
90
Where does digestion occur in a sponge?
inside the cells (intracellular)
91
What structures on the tentacles of sea anemones are used to capture prey?
stinging cells
92
What does a Cnidarian use to capture prey?
stinging cells
93
What happens to the undigested food in a flatworm?
it is expelled from the pharynx
94
What is the important ecological role of earthworms in terrestrial environments?
decomposer
95
What is the unique or distinguishing characteristic of the Phylum Chordata?
dorsal nerve cord
96
Which set of teeth are best developed in a gnawing herbivore and distinguishes them from grazing herbivore?
incisors
97
What type of gas exchange structure is found in crayfish?
Gills
98
Which of these organisms relied on simple diffusion through surfaces (epidermis) for gas exchange without assistance from a circulatory system? List all the letters that apply.
A. Coral
B. Clam
C. Dragonfly
D. Gull
E. Sponge
A E
99
How does oxygen get from the flatworm's environment to the body cells?
diffusion
100
What is the difference between an open and closed circulatory system?
closed circulatory systems have blood vessels that make a continuous loop
101
Which of the following is true about the animal kingdom?
animal cells lack cell walls
102
In organisms with an exoskeleton, the hard parts that muscles contract against are
hard coverings on the outside
103
In organisms with an endoskeleton the hard parts that muscles contract against are
called bones
104
What type of skeleton is found in arthropods?
exoskeleton
105
The reason coral live in shallow water where light penetrates is because coral have a __________ relationship with ______ _______.
mutualistic photosynthetic algae
106
What is the function of the root?
anchorage of the plant, absorption of water and dissolved minerals
107
What is the function of the root hairs?
uptake of water and nutrients
increases the surface
108
Name at least two ecological roles of fungi
Decomposers and Recyclers
109
How are fungi economically valuable? Give at least three examples.
They play an important role in medicine by yielding antibiotics, in agriculture by maintaining soil fertility, are consumed as food, and forms the basis of many industries.
110
What are two requirements for fungal growth.
Fungi require adequate temperature, nutrients, and moisture to grow.
