Bio 100 Unit #3

Question 1

Where in the chloroplast does the Calvin Cycle occur?

Answer 1

The Calvin Cycle happens in the STROMA.

Question 2

What is another term for a producer?

Answer 2

Producers are also known as AUTOTROPHS.

Question 3

Where do the LDR happen?

Answer 3

The Light Dependent Reactions occur in the thylakoids of chloroplasts.

Question 4

What are 3 products of the LDR?

Answer 4

The LDR produces ATP & NADPH for the Calvin Cycle. It also produces OXYGEN GAS.

Question 5

What are the characteristics of Dicots?

Answer 5

Dicots have: branched veins, 2 cotyledons, ringed vascular bundles, flower parts in multiples of 4’s or 5’s and tap roots.

Question 6

What is transpirational pull?

Answer 6

Transpirational pull is the process that moves water and minerals upward in vascular plants.

Question 7

What structure in the LDR produces ATP?

Answer 7

ATP SYNTHASE make ATP.

Question 8

In which layers of a leaf does photosynthesis occur?

Answer 8

Most photosynthesis happens in the PALISADE MESOPHYLL but some also happens in the SPONGY MESOPHYLL.

Question 9

What is endosperm?

Answer 9

Endosperm is stored food within a seed and is triploid.

Question 10

What is the difference between the Corolla and the Calyx in flowers?

Answer 10

The COROLLA is all the petals while the CALYX is all the sepals.

Question 11

What is the loss of water from plant leaves called?

Answer 11

Transpiration

Question 12

What do photons of light do in the LDR?

Answer 12

Excite electrons

Question 13

What are 3 parts of the female part of a flower?

Answer 13

The pistil is make of the stigma, style and ovary.

Question 14

What plant pigment is found in the thylakoid membranes?

Answer 14

Chlorophyll

Question 15

What structures absorb water and minerals?

Answer 15

Root hairs

Question 16

T or F: All vascular plants reproduce with seeds.

Answer 16

False, ferns reproduce with spores and are vascular.

Question 17

Which comes first, fertilization or pollination?

Answer 17

Pollination

Question 18

Which step of photosynthesis produces NADPH?

Answer 18

LDR

Question 19

T or F: the LDR can happen in the dark but the Calvin cycle requires light.

Answer 19

False, just the opposite is true.

Question 20

What organisms are producers?

Answer 20

Plants, algae, some Protists and some bacteria

Question 21

What gas is produced by photosynthesis?

Answer 21

Oxygen

Question 22

What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 22

Light intensity, temperature, amount of CO2 and Water

Question 23

What is the cuticle of a plant?

Answer 23

Waxy layer on leaves that prevents water loss.

Question 24

What layer of the plant allows for gas exchange?

Answer 24

The spongy mesophyll.

Question 25

What is a pollen tube?

Answer 25

A passageway that allows fertilization in plants.

Question 26

Can plants only reproduce sexually?

Answer 26

No, vegetative propagation can be used for reproduction and is asexual

Question 27

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?

Answer 27

Chloroplast

Question 28

One turn of the Calvin Cycle produces this main product.

Answer 28

G3P - glyceraldahyde 3 phosphate, which is essentially 1/2 of a glucose molecule

Question 29

In which direction(s) does Xylem carry water & minerals?

Answer 29

Up

Question 30

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 30

6 CO2 + 6 H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6 O2

Question 31

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

Answer 31

Carbon dioxide and water

Question 32

What are the products of photosynthesis?

Answer 32

Glucose and oxygen

Question 33

How is oxygen produced in the LDR?

Answer 33

Water splits when donating electrons to photosystem II.

Question 34

This part of the plant causes an increase in length.

Answer 34

Apical meristem

Question 35

This part of the plant causes an increase in width.

Answer 35

Lateral meristem

Question 36

What is the receptacle on a flower?

Answer 36

The receptacle is where the flower attaches to the stem.

Question 37

What is the epidermis in leaves?

Answer 37

The epidermis is the layer of protective cells above and below the cells which carry out photosynthesis.

Question 38

In which photosystem is P700 and how does it replace its missing electrons?

Answer 38

P700 is found in Photosystem I so it gets replacement electrons from P680.

Question 39

How many sperm cells in a pollen grain?

Answer 39

2, one to fertilize the egg, one to produce the endosperm.

Question 40

Describe Bryophytes.

Answer 40

Small non-vascular plants that reproduce using spores.

Question 41

What is a stamen?

Answer 41

Male flower part

Question 42

How does the stigma aid in pollination?

Answer 42

It is sticky and produces hormones to germinate the pollen that lands on it.

Question 43

Describe the features of a monocot?

Answer 43

Parallel veins, 1 cotyledon, fibrous roots, flower parts in multiples of 3 & scattered vascular bundles.

Question 44

What are stomata (or stomates)?

Answer 44

Openings in leaves to allow for gas exchange. Guard cells keep them open when water is available.

Question 45

What is a zygote?

Answer 45

A fertilized egg

Question 46

What 2 things does phloem transport?

Answer 46

Food and hormones

Question 47

What is another term for the main stem of a flower?

Answer 47

Peduncle

Question 48

Where in the chloroplast is glucose produced?

Answer 48

Stroma

Question 49

Does the Calvin cycle produce or use NADPH?

Answer 49

It uses it as fuel

Question 50

What is the difference between the stroma and a stoma?

Answer 50

The stroma is the liquid filling around grana while the stoma is an opening in leaves that allows for gas exchange.

Question 51

What are gymnosperms?

Answer 51

Cone bearing vascular plants like pine trees.

Question 52

Where do the LDR take place?

Answer 52

Thylakoids

Question 53

What's the difference between roots and shoots?

Answer 53

Roots are below ground while shoots are above.

Question 54

Where can food be stored in a plant?

Answer 54

Leaves, stems and roots.

Question 55

Why would the phloem change the direction in which it transports food?

Answer 55

It depends on the season and where food is stored and needed.

Question 56

What is alternation of generations?

Answer 56

This process occurs when haploid and diploid stages of the plant take turns producing each other.

Question 57

What are examples of Bryophytes?

Answer 57

Mosses, liverworts and hornworts.