Bio Flashcards
(21 cards)
From the food web, give an example of two second-order consumers.
Fish, Squid
From the food web, give an example of one organism on the third trophic level.
Fish
What 2 trophic levels is the toothed whale on?
The fourth and fifth level.
Why does the penguin have a better chance of surviving than the fish? (2 reasons)
Penguins are apex predators, meaning that they’re not a prey to others.
Fish are a primary food source, having a low chance of survival.
What term is used for the whales?
Top consumers
What organism(s) would benefit if all the seals were gone?
Squid and fish.
Why would losing all the krill be more devastating than losing all the squid?
Krill feed more animals, so more organisms would be affected.
No Krill → no food web
Draw two food chains using this web.
Chain 1: Plankton → Krill → Squid → Toothed Whale
Chain 2: Plankton → Krill → Fish → Penguin → Seal
What do the arrows in a food chain represent?
The transfer of energy
Give a simple terrestrial food chain (4 organisms).
Berry bush → Rabbit → Fox → Bear
What does the pyramid of energy look like?
Wide base (Berry), then each level gets smaller
Why do the ‘boxes’ in the pyramid change size?
Energy is lost at each level (only about 10% moves up)
What is the role of decomposers in ecosystems?
Break down dead organisms and return nutrients to the soil
Name three organisms that are decomposers.
Fungi, bacteria, earthworms, mushrooms
Why are open ecosystems sustainable but closed ecosystems are not?
Open ecosystems have continuous exchange of energy and matter. Closed ecosystems lack this, leading to collapse.
Example of open and closed ecosystems.
Open: Forest
Closed: Sealed terrarium
What materials do plants need for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide, water, sunlight
What materials do organisms need for cellular respiration?
Glucose and oxygen
What are the actions in the circle diagram (photosynthesis & respiration)?
Photosynthesis → glucose + oxygen → cellular respiration → carbon dioxide + water → back
Another word for a vegetarian.
Herbivore
Food chain where pyramid of numbers has a tiny base.
1 Tree → Caterpillars → Birds → Hawk
