Bio 20: Section 3.3

Question 1

the average weather conditions in a particular region over time (30 yrs)

Answer 1

climate

Question 2

what two things determine climate?

Answer 2

temp and precipitation

Question 3

what factors determine climate?

Answer 3

LOWERN

Question 4

what does the l stand for?

Answer 4

Latitude - distance from equator

Question 5

what does the o stand for?

Answer 5

ocean currents - temp affects air and coast

Question 6

what does the w stand for?

Answer 6

wind - air rising = low pressure, air cooling = high pressure

Question 7

what does the e stand for?

Answer 7

elevation - temp and humidity decreases as u go higher

Question 8

what does the r stand for?

Answer 8

relief - diff. in elevation of land = as air moves over it, temp decreases and condensation increases and rain increases

Question 9

what does the n stand for?

Answer 9

nearness of water - water moderates temp due to high heat capacity

Question 10

large ecosystems, or similar ecosystems grouped together; has a particular mix of plants, animals, and other organisms

Answer 10

biome

Question 11

the organisms in a biome are adapted to living under ____________ _____________

Answer 11

certain conditions

Question 12

when a biome (like the tropical rainforest) has both high temp and rainfall, it typically has a wide _____________ and _________________

Answer 12

variety, abundance

Question 13

which biome is both hot and has lots of rainfall?

Answer 13

tropical rainforest

Question 14

which biome has a high temp and low rain?

Answer 14

desert

Question 15

which biome has a low temp and low rain?

Answer 15

tundra

Question 16

which biome has relatively low temp and relatively low rain?

Answer 16

taiga

Question 17

which biome has a med. temp and low rain?

Answer 17

grassland

Question 18

which two biomes are side by side with med rain and med temp?

Answer 18

temperate deciduous forest & temperate rainforest

Question 19

which biome has a relatively low rain and high temp?

Answer 19

savanna

Question 20

what is one similarity bw ecosystems and biomes?

Answer 20

they both have abiotic & biotic factors

Question 21

a place or area with a particular set of characteristics, both biotic & abiotic

Answer 21

habitat

Question 22

the geographical extent to which a pop. or species can be found

Answer 22

range

Question 23

extinction in a certain area

Answer 23

extirpation

Question 24

the limit to a species’ range is usually determined by its ______________ requirements

Answer 24

habitat

Question 25

the role that members of a species plays in a community

Answer 25

ecological niche

Question 26

what are examples of niches?

Answer 26

what it eats, when it eats (ex. bats and birds both eat worms), its reproduction

Question 27

the total range of biotic & abiotic requirements

Answer 27

ecological niche

Question 28

scenario: the _________________ is the street address of the pop., & the _________________ is the job of that pop.

Answer 28

habitat, niche ex. birds & bats

Question 29

why is an organism that only eats 2 species at a higher risk of becoming endangered than an organims that eats 10 species?

Answer 29

b/c it has such a specific niche that it can't adapt to other things its food requirements are so limited that if it's gone, then the organism is in danger

Question 30

explain biodiversity

Answer 30

when there's a range of abiotic factors, there's more niches, allowing for more biodiversity ex. lots of water in a lake = can host lots of organism b/c there's lots of space & some can live in shallow or deep water (so now more niches) = more biodiversity b/c of the range of species living in that lake

Question 31

what controls the growth and distribution of pop.

Answer 31

limiting factors

Question 32

pop. can't grow in an _________________ fashion for a long sustained period of time

Answer 32

unlimited

Question 33

what are examples of abiotic limiting factors?

Answer 33

water sunlight temp soil quality

Question 34

what are examples of biotic limiting factors?

Answer 34

food predation competition parasitism

Question 35

comp. b/w diff species

Answer 35

interspecific - 1 species may be outcompeted

Question 36

comp. within same species

Answer 36

intraspecific - limits size of pop.

Question 37

they ________________, but if too high, prey pop may decrease to unsustainable levels due to ___________________

Answer 37

flunctuate, predation

Question 38

if too high, __________________ could cause the host pop. to decrease to unsustainable levels

Answer 38

parasitism

Question 39

the most common way to count or estimate the number of indivi. in a ______________, then calc the ________________

Answer 39

sample, average

Question 40

small portions or subsets of an entire pop.

Answer 40

sample

Question 41

after finding the average number of organisms in an area from the taking samples, you can then use your calc to __________________ for the entire ecosystem

Answer 41

extrapolate

Question 42

a line of a certain length is "drawn"/placed with a random starting point and random direction

Answer 42

transect

Question 43

what do you do with a transect line after it's been placed?

Answer 43

count the number of organisms within a certain distance from the line

Question 44

for organisms that tend to remain in one spot & is used to sample a given pop.

Answer 44

quadrats

Question 45

what do you call organism that tend to remain in one spot? (ex. plants)

Answer 45

sessile

Question 46

quadrats: a study area is determined, and then a number of _____________ locations are chosen within it

Answer 46

random

Question 47

after establishing a quadrat, what do you do after that?

Answer 47

you count the number of indivi. in that quadrat

Question 48

in an aquatic ecosystem, what is used instead of a quadrat?

Answer 48

water column (3D)

Question 49

what is (usually) the area of a quadrat?

Answer 49

1 square m

Question 50

remember: when taking samples through any method, they must be _____________ samples in order to allow an equal representation of all indivi.

Answer 50

random