Bio Flashcards
(86 cards)
1
Q
Bio
acetylcholine (Ach)
A
most common, related to voluntary movement, memory & cog (low for Azh, hi for PD)
2
Q
Bio
agnosia
A
inability to recognize objects
3
Q
Bio
agonist
A
enhances effect
4
Q
Bio
agraphia
A
inability to write
5
Q
Bio
alexia
A
inability to read
6
Q
Bio
alpha waves
A
relaxed, doze off
7
Q
Bio
amino acids
A
GABA, Glycine, & Glutamate
8
Q
Bio
amnesia
A
memory loss only
9
Q
Bio
amygdala
A
emotions; removal - Kluver Bucy Syndrome; mediates anger & fear
10
Q
Bio
anhedonia
A
inability to experience pleasurable sensations
11
Q
Bio
anosagnosia
A
unaware of disability
12
Q
Bio
antagonist
A
inhibits effect
13
Q
Bio
anterograde amnesia
A
can’t form new memory
14
Q
Bio
aphasia
A
language disorder
15
Q
Bio
apraxia
A
inability to carry out motor movements
16
Q
Bio
axon
A
transmits info
17
Q
Bio
basal ganglia
A
PD, Tourette Syndrome, Autism, OCD
18
Q
Bio
beta waves
A
alert & attentive
19
Q
Bio
brain stem
A
pons, medulla, reticular activating systems (RAS)
20
Q
Bio
CAT scan
A
computerized axial tomography (structure)
21
Q
Bio
caudate nucleus
A
related to OCD, Tourette’s, Huntington Disease, ADHD
22
Q
Bio
cell body
A
integrate info
23
Q
Bio
cerebellum
A
maintaining smooth movement, coordinating motor activity, balance
24
Q
Bio
cerebral cortex
A
frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital
25
# Bio
Cholinergic
synaptic transmission that is mediated by the release of acetylcholine
26
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chorea
uncontrollable and irregular muscle movements
27
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cingulate gyrus
satifaction center of brain; eating & sex
28
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classical neurotransmitters
acetylcholine (Ach), catecholamines, serotonin, amino acids
29
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concussions
head injury without bruising
30
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conduction aphasia
connection between Broca's and Wernicke's areas has been damaged
31
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confabulate
make up stories about past events
32
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contusions
coup-countercoup injuries
33
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corpus callosom
bridge between two cerebral hemispheres
34
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Cryptomnesia
perceives information as being an original idea of their own
35
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delta waves
deep sleep
36
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dementia
loss of memory + something else
37
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dendrites
receive info from other neurons
38
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diffuse impairment
loss of complex cognitive functions
39
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discrete impairment
loss of foresight & concern, irresponsibility
40
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dopamine
related to schizophrenia? Parkinson - low dopamine
41
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enkephalins & endorphins
endogenous opioids; regulate stress and pain
42
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GABA & glycine
calming effect; anxiety, epileptic seizures - low
43
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Gate control theory
pain not directly related to pain receptors
44
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General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
Alarm -> Resistance -> Exhaustion
45
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Gerstmann's syndrome
lesions of the dominant parietal lobe (acalculia, agraphia, left-right difficulty, finger agnosia)
46
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glutamate
schizoprenia - abnormal
47
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hemiparesis
weakness in one side of body
48
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hippocampus
memory
49
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hydroncephalus
excessive brain fluid
50
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hypnogogic hallucinations
occur as a person falls asleep
51
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hypnopompic hallucinations
occur upon awakening
52
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hypothalamus
homeostatsis function through regulating endocrine system; sleep, hunger, rage, fear
53
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Iatrogenically produced symptoms
symptoms caused by medical or psychological treatment
54
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idiopathic
cause of a disease is unknown
55
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inferior colliculus
controls auditory reflexes
56
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Kluver-Bucy syndrome
removal of amygdala -> placidity, apathy, hyperphagia, hypersex, amnesia, aphasia
57
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locus coeruleus
associated with depression and panic disorder
58
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lymbic system
related to emotional beh and aggression
59
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MRI
magnetic resonance imaging (structure)
60
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norepinephrine
depression - low; manic - high
61
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paraplegia
paralysis in the legs
62
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paresis
muscle weakness
63
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paresthesia
abnormal skin sensation: buring, ticklying, etc
64
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PET scan
positron emission tomography (activity)
65
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petit mal seizure
brief & small
66
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pituitary
involves growth
67
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polygraph
measures through heart rate, respiration and skin conductivity
68
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pons & medulla
facial expression, sleep, respiration, movement, cardiovacular
69
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Positron emission tomography (PET)
used for demonstrating brain activity or functioning
70
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proprioception
the ability to locate one's body parts
71
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prosopagnosia
can't recognize faces
72
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quadriplegia
paralysis in all four limbs
73
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reticular activating system (RAS)
filter for incoming sensory information; related to attentinon, arousal, awaking/sleeping cycle
74
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retrograde amnesia
forgot past
75
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RNA
nucleic acid within neuron; involved with learning and memory
76
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septum
regulates emotions and the ability to learn and control impulses
77
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serotonin
dep & mania - low; schizophernia - high
78
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spinal cord
cervical (C1-C7), thoracic (T1-T12), lumber (L1-L5), sacral (S1)
79
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substantia nigra
related to Parkinson Disease
80
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synesthesia
two or more senses are connected
81
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thalamus
sensory relay center, input from all senses except smell
82
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theta waves
tranistion between wakefulness & sleep
83
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tonic clonic seizure
dramatic & convulsions
84
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verbal prosody
rhythmic and intonational aspect of language
85
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Wernicke's area
brain area responsible for sensory speech
86
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accommondation
modifying existing cog structure to adjust to reality demands
