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Developmental Flashcards

1
Q

accommondation

A

modifying existing cog structure to adjust to reality demands

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2
Q

acoustic

A

pitch, tone, and volume

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3
Q

Activity theory

A

old age is fulfilling when remains active

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4
Q

Ainsworth’s attachment patterns

A

secure, avoidant, ambivalent, disorganized-disoriented

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5
Q

assimilation

A

incorporating new info into existing cog structures

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6
Q

Authoritarian parenting

A

controlling and require unquestioned obedience

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7
Q

Authoritative parenting

A

firm, fair, and reasonable

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8
Q

babinski reflex

A

spreading toes and twisting foot

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9
Q

Baumrind’s Parenting Patterns

A

authoritarian, permissive (indifferent/indulgent), authoritative

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10
Q

Bronfenbrenner’ ecological model

A

microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem

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11
Q

Brown vs. Board of Education

A

Equal educational opportunities

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12
Q

Buckly admendment

A

federal law giving student over 18 and their parents the right to access school records

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13
Q

centrism

A

inabilty to focus on more than one aspect of problem at a time

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14
Q

chronosystem

A

role of the passage of time in the person’s life

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15
Q

Cognitive play stages

A

repetitive, constructive, imaginative, formal games with rules

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16
Q

critical period of development

A

if certain things don’t occur, unable to compensate

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17
Q

Decalage

A

unevenness in development in any area

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18
Q

deep dyslexia

A

mistakenly reads a given word as one with similar meaning

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19
Q

Down’s syndrome

A

three chromosomes on 21; metal retardation, broad skull, slanted eyes

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20
Q

echolalia

A

imitation of sounds without comprehension

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21
Q

Elkind’s adolescent thinking

A

personal fable, imaginary audience

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22
Q

embryonic period

A

2 wks until 8-12 wks

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23
Q

epigenesis

A

dev occur in a series of stages

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24
Q

Erikson’s psychosocial stages

A

hope, will, purpose, competence, fidelity, love, care, wisdom

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25
exosystem
rel between two or more systems where one is indirect
26
fetal period
8-12 wks until birth
27
Gender-Schema theory
children use gender as a schema to organize their world
28
genotype
genetic makeup of a person - both expressed and unexpressed
29
germinal period
first 2 wks; zygote divides and implants itself onto uterus wall
30
Gilligan's moral dev theory
Justice (men); Caring (women): individual survival, self-sacrifice, nonviolence
31
grasp reflex
making a firm fist
32
Griefing stages
numbness, yearning, disorganization & despair, resolution/reorganization
33
Harry Harlow
monkeys' contact comfort
34
Health belief model
perceptions of vulnerablity and beliefs about illness influences health behavior
35
Hemophilia
excessive bleeding, mostly males
36
holophrasic speech
says the first word (10-14 mos)
37
imaginary audience
everyone is thinking about the same things, regarding themselves
38
Inductive discipline
calling attention to neg consequences for others of child's beh
39
Information processing
focuses on quantitative changes that occur over the life span
40
inhibition
interference in learning
41
John Bowlby's Maternal Deprivation Syndrome
Protest, Despair, Detachment
42
Klinefelter's syndrome
XXY, only in men, taller, lower IQ, abnormal dev of sex characteristics
43
Kohlberg's moral reasoning theory
preconventional (4-10), conventional (10+), postconventional (13+)
44
Kubler-Ross Stages confronting own death (DABDA)
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
45
Larry R. vs. Riles
banned the use of IQ tests for placing children in educable retarded classes (disproportionate amount of minority students)
46
Levinson's Seaons of a Man's Life theory
Early, Entering, Age 30, Settling down, Mid-life, Middle, Age 50, Late
47
Lorenz attachment
duckling imprinted 12-17 hrs after birth
48
macrosystem
culture, religion, economy and political systems
49
Mahler's developmental stages
normal infantile autism, symbiosis, differentiation, practicing, rapprochment, object constancy
50
Marcia's adolescence dev stages
identity achievement, foreclosures, moratorium, identity diffusion
51
menarche
first mentrual period
52
mesosystem
interaction between various microsystems
53
microsystem
everyday environment the person encounters
54
moro reflex
extending legs, arms,and fingers, and arching back
55
morpheme
smallest meaningful unit of speech (daddy)
56
myelination
continue brain development: speed, attention, etc < 20s
57
neglect
misreads first or last half of words
58
object constancy
maintain image and unify good and bad of the mother
59
object permanence
people continue to exist even when the child cannot see them
60
perinatal period
1 pound of weight (in utero) to one month after birth
61
personal fable
belief self as special and rules don't apply to them
62
phenotype
observable characteristics of the person
63
phoneme
smallest unit of speech (da)
64
phonological dyslexia
cannot read non-words aloud
65
Piaget's moral dev theory
heteronomous morality (5-10), autonomous morality (10+)
66
Piaget's stage theory
sensorimotor (0-2), preoperational (2-7), concrete operational (7-11), formal operational (11+)
67
PKU (Phenylketonuria)
metabolic disorder, mental retardation; autosomal recessive
68
plasticity
flexibility in functioning, recover from brain damage; < 7-8y.o.
69
primary aging
wear-and-tear theory
70
rooting reflex
turning head, opening mouth, sucking
71
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
speakers of different languages think differently
72
scaffolding
teachers adjust their levels of help base on child's performance
73
secondary aging
results from desease, disues, and neglect of body
74
semantic
meaning
75
sensitive period of development
if certain things don't occur, may be able to compensate
76
sexual dimorphism
systematic differences between different sex in the same species
77
Sickle-cell anemia
mostly in Af-Ams, deformed, fragile red blood cells that clog vessels
78
Social buffer hypothesis
perception of having an adequate social network reduces risk of emotional distress
79
Social play stages
solitary, parallel, associative, cooperative
80
spermarche
first ejaculation
81
surface dyslexia
cannot recognize words, but sounds them out
82
syntactic
grammatical
83
telegraphic speech
puts two words together (18-24 mos)
84
Temperament types
easy temperament, difficult temperament, slow-to-warm-up infants
85
teratogens
drugs, toxins, other environmental agents that interfere with normal prenatal dev
86
Turner's syndrome
X0, in women, no menstruation, no ovulation
87
Vygotsky's social dev theory of cognition
cognitive dev results from social interaction
88
zone of proximal development
difference between what can do w/ or w/o help

EPPP (7 decks)

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