Bio again

Question 1

What does the phrase struggle for existence mean?

Answer 1

The phrase struggle for existence means that there is a competition for living resources.

Question 2

How does an animal’s level of fitness relate to its ability to survive and reproduce?

Answer 2

An animal’s fitness level relates to its ability to survive and reproduce because it shows that it can survive. Just like Mendel stated, Survival of the fittest.

Question 3

How does variation affect evolution?

Answer 3

Variations affect evolution because if two animals with different traits breed, they will form an offspring that is different.

Question 4

True or False: Natural selection acts on acquired traits.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

True or False: Any inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s ability to survive is considered an adaptation.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

True or False: Natural selection is the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its specific environment.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Complete the following sentence: Natural selection depends on the ability of organisms to _____

Answer 7

reproduce, which means leaving descendants.

Question 8

Complete the following sentence: Every organism alive today descended from ancestors who _____

Answer 8

survived and reproduced.

Question 9

Complete the following sentence: Over many generations, adaptation could cause successful species to _____

Answer 9

evolve into new species.

Question 10

Complete the following sentence: Common descent suggests that all species, living and extinct, _____

Answer 10

are related.

Question 11

Complete the following sentence: The fossil record provides physical evidence of _____

Answer 11

descent with modification over long periods of time.

Question 12

The akiapola’au uses its long top bill to probe for insects in trees. This beak is an example of…

Answer 12

An adaptation.

Question 13

During the process of natural selection, what determines which organisms survive and reproduce?

Answer 13

Number of adaptations.

Question 14

During Darwin’s time, what did geologists suggest about the earth?

Answer 14

Geologists suggested that the earth was very ancient and never changed.

Question 15

What insight does Darwin’s work offer into the living world?

Answer 15

Darwin’s work shows that organisms are constantly evolving.

Question 16

What important information about the Galapagos Islands tortoises did Darwin learn?

Answer 16

Darwin learned that the shell shape of the tortoises varied depending on the island they inhabited.

Question 17

Which tortoise would require a habitat where food is easy to reach?

Answer 17

Saddle shaped tortoises would require a habitat where food is easy to get.

Question 18

What factor would influence the shape of the beaks of finches discovered by Darwin?

Answer 18

The environment and the climate.

Question 19

What did similarities between fossil animals and modern animals suggest to Darwin?

Answer 19

They suggested that they were related in common ancestry.

Question 20

Species vary in terms of _____

Answer 20

Physical traits, behavior, and habits.

Question 21

What theory did Darwin combat in his time?

Answer 21

The theory of natural selection, which was controversial because it went against the Bible.

Question 22

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution is based on the concept of:

Answer 22

variation and natural selection.

Question 23

An idea that was an original part of Darwin’s theory of natural selection is that:

Answer 23

more offspring are produced than can survive.

Question 24

Structural physiological changes within a species occur over an extended period of time. These statements best describe the concept of…

Answer 24

Evolution.

Question 25

Which concept is best illustrated in the flowchart?

Answer 25

Natural selection.

Question 26

Darwin's theory of evolution did NOT contain the concept that:

Answer 26

population sizes remain constant due to the struggle for survival.

Question 27

Which evolutionary concept is best illustrated by the cartoon?

Answer 27

Survival of the fittest.

Question 28

The introduction of new genes into the gene pool of a population occurs through the process of:

Answer 28

mutation.

Question 29

In a population of beetles, what process is occurring if birds prey more on the green beetles?

Answer 29

Natural selection.

Question 30

What is the most likely outcome for the population of birds with different beak sizes over time?

Answer 30

A) Birds with smaller beaks will become less common, and the average beak size will increase.

Question 31

What inference can be made about the Florida panther with a population of fewer than 100 individuals?

Answer 31

B. Over time, these animals will become less likely to survive in a changing environment.

Question 32

Which statement is correct concerning the chances of survival for different species of bacteria if there is a change in the environment?

Answer 32

A. Species A has the best chance of survival because it has the most genetic diversity.

Question 33

When a dairy farmer chooses to breed the cows that give the most milk, they are following the principle of:

Answer 33

artificial selection.

Question 34

In a certain species of bird, what is the example of sexual selection?

Answer 34

The bright coloration in males helps attract mates.

Question 35

What important event in biology is associated with the year 1859?

Answer 35

Darwin publishes: On the Origin of Species by Natural Selection.

Question 36

A weakness in Darwin's original theory of evolution was that:

Answer 36

the genetic basis for variation was not explained.