bio ch 20

Question 1

In plants, a waxy layer that holds in moisture, in insects, a tough exoskeleton made of nonliving materials.

Answer 1

cuticle

Question 2

Pores in the cuticle through which gas exchange occurs

Answer 2

stomata

Question 3

Collection of specialized tissues in some plants that transports mineral nutrients up from the roots and brings up sugars from the leaves

Answer 3

Vascular system

Question 4

Complex polymer that hardens cells walls of some vascular tissues in plants.

Answer 4

Lignin.

Question 5

Two-celled structure that contains the male form of the plant’s gamete

Answer 5

pollen grain

Question 6

Structure used by some land plants to store and protect the embryo

Answer 6

seed

Question 7

Process by which seed plants become fertilized without the need for free-standing water

Answer 7

pollination

Question 8

Seed plant whose seeds are not enclosed by fruit

Answer 8

gymnosperm

Question 9

Seed plant whose embryos are enclosed by fruit

Answer 9

angiosperm

Question 10

Reproductive structure of gymnosperms inside of which the female gamete is fertilized

Answer 10

cone

Question 11

Reproductive structure of an angiosperm

Answer 11

flower

Question 12

Fertilized and mature ovary of a flower

Answer 12

fruit

Question 13

Embryonic leaf inside a seed

Answer 13

cotyledon

Question 14

flowering plants whose embryos have only 1 cotyledon

Answer 14

monocot

Question 15

flowering plant whose embryos have 2 cotyledons

Answer 15

dicot

Question 16

Fibrous material made of dead cells that are part of the vascular system in some plants .

Answer 16

wood

Question 17

the study of plants

Answer 17

botany

Question 18

study of how various cultures use different plants

Answer 18

ethnobotany

Question 19

study of drugs and their effect on the body

Answer 19

pharmacology

Question 20

The chemical produced by plants contains nitrogen, many of which are used in medicines.

Answer 20

alkaloid

Question 21

what is the simplest form of plants

Answer 21

green algae

Question 22

in what process do plants make their own food

Answer 22

photosynthesis

Question 23

What cellular component do plants use to capture the energy of sunlight during photosynthesis?

Answer 23

chlorophyll

Question 24

Which complex carbohydrate is produced by plants and deposited in cell walls?

Answer 24

cellulose

Question 25

List the progression of plants along evolutionary lines from simplest to complex.

Answer 25

charophyceans, mosses, ferns, cone-bearing plants, flowering plants

Question 26

What is essential to all plant life?

Answer 26

water

Question 27

What are plant surfaces covered with to preserve moisture?

Answer 27

Cuticle layer

Question 28

what type of system do plants have that allows them to grow taller while still getting water and nutrients?

Answer 28

vascular system

Question 29

What characteristic does lignin give to plants allowing them to grow up and towards the sun?

Answer 29

stiffness

Question 30

What are the two main ways that pollen is transported to the female reproductive structures of a flower?

Answer 30

carried/driven

Question 31

What are the two functions of animals or insects in assisting plants in reproduction?

Answer 31

provide pollination and consume/ disperse seeds

Question 32

How many different plant species have scientists identified and described in the kingdom Plantae?

Answer 32

300,000

Question 33

List the four types of plants that make up the plant kingdom?

Answer 33

1.mosses 2. ferns 3. cone-bearing plants 4. flowering plants

Question 34

Which type of plant can grow in very harsh environments that other plants are unable to grow in?

Answer 34

mosses

Question 35

What do ferns rely on for reproduction? And what do they lack?

Answer 35

water, true roots

Question 36

What do cone-bearing plants produce as their reproductive structure?

Answer 36

woody cone

Question 37

What do flowering plants produce that contains the seeds of the plant?

Answer 37

fruit

Question 38

What is the scientific definition of a fruit?

Answer 38

mature ovary of a flower

Question 39

List the 3 main advantages of seed-bearing plants over plants that don’t bear seeds?

Answer 39

1.reproduce w/o free standing water 2. survive in a dormant state for months or years 3. Seeds can be carried great distances.

Question 40

What 2 things do flowering plants produce that attracts pollinating insects/animals to assist in pollination?

Answer 40

pollen and nectar

Question 41

What are the three ways that flowering plants disperse their seeds into the environment?

Answer 41

fleshy fruit, burrs, fibers

Question 42

What are the two basic kinds of seeds?

Answer 42

monocots, dicots

Question 43

What are the flowering characteristics of monocots?

Answer 43

flower parts in multiples of three

Question 44

What are the flowering characteristics of dicots?

Answer 44

Flower parts in multiples of four or five

Question 45

What term is given to flowering plants that do not produce woody stems?

Answer 45

herbaceous

Question 46

list the three categories of seed bearing plants based on lifespan

Answer 46

annuals, biennials, perennials

Question 47

What basic necessities of survival do plants provide for humans?

Answer 47

food, shelter,clothing,medicine

Question 48

What did humans do with plants that possessed desirable traits?

Answer 48

bred and planted them

Question 49

What provided humans with a reliable food source that supported rapidly growing populations?

Answer 49

agriculture

Question 50

What do plants often possess that have medicinal properties?

Answer 50

chemical compounds