Unit of hereditary; encodes the characteristics that determines a phenotype
Gene
Alternate versions of the same gene at the same locus (in homologous pair) –gene pairs
Alleles
Both homologous chromosomes carry the same allele at a given gene locus (YY or yy)
Homozygous
Two homologous chromosomes carry different alleles at a given locus (Yy)
Heterozygous
Genetic makeup of an organism, determines phenotype (example: Yy)
Genotype
Appearance or characteristic of an organism = physical traits (example: yellow seeds)
Phenotype
Allele that dominates over others in determining phenotype (capital letter)
Dominant
Allele whose phenotypic expression is “hidden” when a dominant allele us present (lowercase)
Recessive
Evaluate the inheritance pattern of 1 trait
Monohybrid cross
Evaluate the inheritance patter of 2 traits
Dihybrid cross
