Bio Lab Pratical Review Flashcards
(82 cards)
1
Q
Science takes observations from where
A
The natural world
2
Q
Steps in the scientific method(7)
A
- make an observation
- ask questions about your observation
- Propose answers(hypotheses) to your questions
- test hypotheses
- collect data
- accept or reject hypotheses
- test for reliability
3
Q
Independent Variable
A
Variable that can be manipulated
4
Q
Dependent variable
A
variable that can be counted or measured
5
Q
control variables
A
all other variables that remain constant throughout the test
6
Q
what two groups require to be set up during an experiment
A
Control and experimental groups
7
Q
A Hypothesis can be proven false but never correct. Why?
A
because it is merely the best explanation at the time
8
Q
Meter is the standard unit of…
A
Length
9
Q
Liter is the standard unit of…
A
volume
10
Q
Gram is the standard unit of…
A
Mass
11
Q
Metric system conversion chart
A
King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk
Kilo Hecto Deca Basic Deci Centi Mili
12
Q
Convert 4km to m
A
4000
13
Q
Coarse adjustment
A
changes the distance between slide and objective to focus an image
14
Q
Fine adjustment
A
permits exact focusing
15
Q
The magnification power of the ocular
A
10x
16
Q
Oil Immersion is used with which magnification objective
A
100x
17
Q
Immersion oil has the same optical density as…
A
glass
18
Q
Prepared slides
A
- made in advance by a biological company and ready to use
- living material killed, cleaned, embedded in wax, sliced, and mounted
19
Q
Wet mounts
A
- made on the spot
- used to observe living tissues or cells
20
Q
w.s abbreviation
A
whole mount
21
Q
x.s or c.s abbreviation
A
cross section
22
Q
l.s abbreviation
A
longitudinal section
23
Q
dichotomous key
A
a series of questions used to identify an unknown organism
24
Q
when using high power objective only one focus knob should be used
A
fine adjustment knob
25
Archean and bacteria cells are
Prokaryotic
26
The three basic eubacteria cell shapes
coccus, bacillus, spirillum
27
Reproduction among eubacteria can be achieved by
fission, conjunction, and fragmentation
28
The Gram Stain test works because
the difference in cell wall composition
29
Gram positive bacteria
bacteria retain the initial violet stain when rinsed with alcohol
Positive Purple!
30
Gram negative bacteria
Bacteria bleach out and stain PINK when rinsed with alcohol
31
Cyanobacteria are also called
blue-green algae
32
Cyanobacteria(blue-green algae) can be found
in almost any environment(lakes, streams, soil, snow, oceans, rocks, ice, deserts, and hot springs)
33
Eubacteria usually have cell walls that contain at least one layer of
peptideglycan: a polysaccharide in which the glucose mlcls contain nitrogen
34
2 kingdoms of bacteria
archaea and bacteria
35
which structure is used to transfer DNA from one bacterium to another
pilus
36
The only unifying characteristics in Kingdom Protista is
that all members are eukaryotic
37
The 6 kingdoms
Archaean, bacteria, protista, fungi, plantae, Animalia
38
What is a protist
eukaryotic organism that is not a plant, animal, or fungus
39
Members of phylum sacodina may move by protoplasmic extensions called
pseudopodia
40
phagocytosis
occurs when food is engulfed by amoeba
41
The organisms in Phylum Ciliaphora are characterized by having hairlike projections that are used for motion and getting food. Those projections are called:
Cilia
42
The parasite that causes malaria in the phylum Sporozoa
plasmodium
43
Phylum Pyrrophyta contains many members that luminesce when they are disturbed. The organisms are:
Dinoflagettes
44
These organisms store oil and it is thought that much of our present undersea oil reserves may represent their accumulation over millions of years on the ocean floor.
diatoms
45
____include the largest of seaweeds (the kelp) that may grown in 300 feet length
Phylum Phaeophyta- brown algae
46
Asexual reproduction in Volvox occurs through the formation of:
daughter colonies
47
A ______algae attaches to a solid surface using
an adhesive holdfast, from which a stem-like stipe extends
brown
48
Members of ___________ contain two accessory pigments that are used in photosynthesis: phycoerythrin (red) and phycocyanin (blue). These pigments allow the organisms to capture light rays that penetrate deep into water. This allows these organisms to live in very deep water.
red algae
49
Radiolaria shells are composed of
silica
50
Green alage can be found in what forms
unicellular, colonial, and multicellular forms
51
Volvox colonies consits of as many as _____ cells
40,000
52
Kelp grows how many feet in length
300 ft
53
Which of the following is found in Paramecium caudatum?
oral grove and gullet
54
Trypanosoma gambiense causes?
African sleeping sickness
55
Long, whip-like projection used in motility
flagellum
56
Centers of starch formation found in green algae
pyrenoids
57
Disease found in fish that is caused by parasitic water mold
ick
58
"First animals"
protozoans
59
Thin, clear, non-granular layer of protoplasm found in amoeba
ectoplasm
60
"False feet" used by amoeba for movement and obtaining food
pseudopodia
61
Hair-like projections used for locomotion and obtaining food
cilia
62
Stiff outer covering found around ciliates
pellicle
63
Cellular slime molds congregate in a single mass and form a rounded ___________________.
sporangium
64
Red algae contain two accessory photosynthetic pigments: ____________________________ and _______________________.
phycoerythrin and phycocyanin
65
Brown algae attaches to solid surfaces by means of an adhesive
holdfast
66
___________________ is one of the most commonly found green algae.
protococcus
67
_________________________ _________________ is composed of diatoms and is used in toothpaste.
diatomaceous earth
68
Gymnodinium sp. and Gonyaulax sp. are responsible for ________________ _________________, which cause massive fish kills.
red tides
69
Organisms in kingdom fungi are
eukaryotic
70
fungi cell walls are made of
chitin
71
imperfect fungi are imperfect because
they appear to lack a sexual stage
72
mutualism
both partners benefit
73
commensalism
one partner benefits while one is unaffected
74
parasitism
one partner is harmed while the other benefits
75
Lichens are made up of a combination of
algae and fungus
76
Fungi have to feed themselves by breaking down dead organisms. This makes them:
Saprophytes
77
Lichens 3 basic body types
Crustose-hard flatforms like stains on a rock
Foliose-more leaf-like and resembles peeling paint
Fruiticose- branching structures are usually erratic
78
Fungi have no morphological differences that can be designated as male and female. Fungi, therefore, are divided into two mating types based on the interaction of cell surface components. How are the mating types designated? _________ and ________.
Plus and Minus
79
mycelium
twisted mass of hyphae
80
Sac fungi and their reproductive form
- Yeast, mildews, and truffles
| - reproduce by spores and budding
81
Club fungi and their reproductive forms
- Mushrooms, bracket, fungi, and puff balls
| - reproduce by mushrooms
82
Threadlike fungi and their reproductive forms
- black molds
| - sporamgium and spores
