Chapter 21

Question 1

Forest take up _______ from the air and release _________.

Answer 1

• Carbon Dioxide

- Oxygen

Question 2

Deforestation had far reaching environmental effects including:

Answer 2

-increased erosion and climate change

Question 3

Plants evolved from:

Answer 3

Green algae(Charophytes)

Question 4

What are plants

Answer 4

-Embryophytes

Question 5

Key adaptations that allowed plants to move into dry habitats include:

Answer 5

-a waterproof cuticle with stomata and internal pipelines of vascular tissue reinforced by login

Question 6

Stomata open and clase to…..

Answer 6

balance demands for water conservation and gas exchange with air outside the plant

Question 7

Internal vascular tissue

Answer 7

(Xylem and Phloem) are the vascular tissues that transport water and nutrients though a plant body

Question 8

Vascular tissue are reinforced by

Answer 8

Lignin -material that stiffens cell walls or vascular plants and helps plants stand upright/help them branch

Question 9

Plant life cycle include 2 multicellular bodies:

Answer 9

the HAPLOID gametophyte
and
the DIPLOID sporophyte

Question 10

The _____ dominates in early evolving lineages, but in vascular plants, the ______ is the larger and longer lived.

Answer 10

• gametophyte

- sporophyte

Question 11

There are 2 lineages of seed plants:

Answer 11

-Gymnosperms and angiosperms

Question 12

Gymnosperms were…

Answer 12

-the first to evolve

Question 13

Angiosperms make….

Answer 13

flowers and release their seeds inside a fruit

Question 14

Bryophytes are nonvascular plants that include:

Answer 14

-mosses, hornworts, and liverworts

Question 15

mosses are

Answer 15

the most diverse bryophyte

Question 16

The remains of mosses form…

Answer 16

Peat-which is dried and burned as fuel

Question 17

Rhizome

Answer 17

stem that grows horizontally

Question 18

Ferns the most diverse seedless vascular plants, and produce spores in _____

Answer 18

-sori

Question 19

Many ferns are epiphytes which means?

Answer 19

-plant that grows on another plant but does not harm it or draw any nutrients from it

Question 20

Ferns have what instead of strobili?

Answer 20

Sori

Question 21

Oldest fossil of vascular plants?

Answer 21

Spores that date to ab 450 million yrs ago(late ordovician period)

Question 22

Early vascular plants looked like what?

Answer 22

Early vascular plants stood only a few centimeters high and has a simple branching pattern, with no leaves or roots.

Question 23

What happen to species in the early Devonian period?

Answer 23

-taller species with a more complex branching pattern were common worldwide.

Question 24

During the carboniferous period what happened?

Answer 24

-Forest of Giant seedless vascular plants thrived during the carboniferous period(remains transformed to coal by heat and pressure)

Question 25

The three time periods of the evolution of plant species mentioned

Answer 25

- Ordovician - Devonian - Carboniferous

Question 26

Earliest gymnosperm lineages?

Answer 26

-cycads and gins

Question 27

What angiosperm evolved while dinosaurs walked on earth?

Answer 27

-magnolias

Question 28

Bryophyte refers to what 3 lineages

Answer 28

- Mosses - hornworts - liverworts

Question 29

Most diverse bryophyte?

Answer 29

-mosses

Question 30

Most diverse seedless plant?

Answer 30

-ferns

Question 31

Gymnosperms

Answer 31

- plants with naked(not inside fruit) seeds | - produce seeds on surface of ovule and no not produce flowers/fruits

Question 32

Angiosperms

Answer 32

-seeds that make flowers and fruits

Question 33

What part of a flower produces pollen

Answer 33

-stamen

Question 34

Pollinators

Answer 34

-animal that moves pollen

Question 35

2 major lineages of flowering plants

Answer 35

- monocots | - eudicots

Question 36

monocots include

Answer 36

-orchids, pals, Lillies, and grasses

Question 37

eudicots include

Answer 37

-most herbaceous(nonwoody), plants like tomatoes, cabbages, roses, poppies, most flowering shrubs and trees and cacti.

Question 38

Dominant plants in most land habiatats and flowering plants are---

Answer 38

-ecologically important and essential to human existance

Question 39

What drug do some flowering plants produce? and what does it do?

Answer 39

- secondary metabolite | - mood altering drugs

Question 40

How much percent is a tree carbon weight?

Answer 40

20%

Question 41

Every atom of carbon in a tree was taken up from the air in the form of

Answer 41

carbon dioxide

Question 42

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the reason deforestation occurs in developing nations?

Answer 42

Local and tropical forests are the main source for global market products, and they provide food, fuel, and lumber for growing populations.

Question 43

Which of the following does not produce seeds?

Answer 43

horsetails

Question 44

In horsetails, lycophytes, and ferns

Answer 44

spores give rise to gametophytes

Question 45

strobili

Answer 45

cone-like spore-containing structures

Question 46

A plant produces a small cluster of spore-forming capsules on the underside of the structure that resembles leaves. You classify the plant as a:

Answer 46

a fern

Question 47

During fertilization of an angiosperm, the pollen tube delivers two sperm to an ovule where:

Answer 47

double fertilization occurs, and one sperm fertilizes the egg, and an endosperm results from the second sperm fertilizing a cell that has two nuclei

Question 48

___________, which provides food for the greatest number of people, is a type of __________.

Answer 48

rice; monocot

Question 49

wheat is a?

Answer 49

monocot